运动因子在心血管功能中的调控作用及相关机制研究进展

心血管疾病(cardiovascular disease,CVD)是包括动脉粥样硬化、心力衰竭、心脏缺血后再灌注损伤和心肌梗死等血管和心脏的复杂病症。血管内皮细胞、平滑肌细胞和心肌细胞生理功能障碍是诱发CVD的关键因素。研究表明,运动能够对心脏和动脉的形态、功能起到积极的调控作用,可作为CVD非药物疗法的重要手段之一。运动可通过调控多种运动因子的表达水平,如肌肉分泌的Fstl1、Irisin和MSTN,脂肪分泌的Omentin、Apelin、CTRP3和CTRP9,肝脏分泌的FGF21、ANGPTL3和ANGPTL4等,进而调控血管内皮细胞、平滑肌细胞和心肌细胞的分化、增殖和凋亡,从而发挥其防治CVD作用。本文试图梳理肌肉、脂肪和肝脏分泌的运动因子与调控心脏和动脉功能之间的相关信号通路及其机制,为运动干预防治CVD提供新的思路。     

被子植物精细胞分离和特性研究进展

精细胞分离是研究雄性生殖发育的前提之一,近半个世纪以来,人们运用不断更新的生物实验技术,对被子植物精细胞开展了分离及细胞分子特征的研究。分析被子植物精细胞分离方法,总结精细胞二型性与倾向性、细胞融合方面的研究成果,并对其研究意义和前景进行讨论。     

运动训练中内皮素与心血管系统关系的综述

为了了解运动训练中内皮素对心血管系统的作用.采用文献资料法论述了内皮素的主要生理作用,综述了国内外有关内皮素与运动训练关系的研究现状及该领域研究中存在的问题.研究表明:适宜强度的有氧耐力运动,可以改善内皮素的释放量进而有利于心血管系统在运动训练中的适应.     

In vitro study on ribozyme against hepatitis C virus

Objective: To determine the effective nucleotide sites of ribozymes against HCV, and obtain a highly effective, nontoxic and inexpensive antisense ribozyme specific for HCV. Methods: Two effective ribozymes, targeted to HCV 5’NC region and C region, were designed and synthesized. Eukaryotic expression vectors, pSV2-gpt. CD-SR (, containing either HCRZNC or HCRZC were constructued and transfected into MT-2 cells, which had been infected by HCV. Quantitative PCR and hydridization were used to determine the effect of inhibition of HCV by ribozymes. Results: HCRZNC and HCRZC suppressed the replication of HCV by 54.7% and 62.1%, respectively. Furthermore, when both ribozymes were cotransfected into cells, they suppressed replication by 78.8%. Conclusion: Two specific antisense ribozymes have strong inhibitory effects on the replication of HCV in cultured cells, and have better effect when used together.     

水稻胚乳细胞发育与结实特性

文章对水稻胚乳细胞发育过程、淀粉体和蛋白体结构特征与结实特性、养分输入胚乳细胞的途径、ATPase活性分布与水稻充实的关系、水稻强弱势粒胚乳细胞发育与其结实特性进行分析.提出进一步研究胚乳细胞发育及其超微结构与籽粒生理活性的关系,可从深入开展亚显微水平下强弱势粒背部维管束结构、ATPase的活性分布、差异表达基因对结实特性的影响等方面展开研究.     

Mapping the knowledge structure exhibited by a cohort of students based on their understanding of how a galvanic cell produces energy

This study evaluates the use of an open‐ended question to determine students' knowledge structure on the topic of galvanic cells. The open‐ended question was developed and administered to 163 Grade 10 students who had earlier completed a course on electrochemistry. Students' responses were marked as well as coded on the basis of the fields identified from their responses. This was then evaluated statistically to determine the collective knowledge structure of the sample of students. The knowledge structure thus mapped contains both canonical concepts and alternative conceptions (ACs). An important finding emerging from this study is that instructors need to focus student's attention on the dynamic processes involving electrons and ions during the operation of galvanic cells. In order for students to fully understand how a galvanic cell operates, they need to see the whole picture. There are three critical components that lead to students' understanding of how an oxidation–reduction reaction can generate energy and how a circuit is complete: transfer of electrons during oxidation–reduction half‐reactions, flow of electrons within metals, and migration of ions in solution. Also, we found that it is possible for students to use correct chemistry concepts in an incorrect way by establishing linkages among these in an inappropriate manner. We reiterate that apart from evaluating students' ACs, it is also important to evaluate the links between the concepts and conceptions present in students' knowledge structure so that teaching can be made more effective.     

Yangxueqingnao particles inhibit rat vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation induced by lysophosphatidic acid

Objective: To observe the effect of Yangxueqingnao particles on rat vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation induced by lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). Methods: The amount of3H-TdR (3H-thymidine) admixed in cultured rat VSMC was measured and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity and lipid peroxidation end product malondialdehyde (MDA)content of the VSMC were assayed. Results: 1×10-9, 1×10-8, 1×10-7 mol/L LPA in a concentration dependent manner, induced the amount of 3H-TdR admixed, MAP kinase activity, and MDA content of the cultured rat VSMC to increase. However, 5%, 10%,and 15% Yangxueqingnao serum preincubation resulted in a decrease of 23.0%, 42.0%, and 52.0% (P＜0.01) respectively in the amount of 3H-TdR admixed, a decline in VSMC MAP kinase activity of 13.9% (P＜0.05), 29.6% (P＜0.01), and 48.9% (P＜0.01)respectively, and also, a decrease in MDA content of VSMC of 19.4%, 24.7%, and 43.2% (P＜0.01) respectively, in the 1×10-7mol/L LPA-treated VSMC. Conclusions: LPA activates the proliferation and lipid peroxidation of VSMC in a concentration dependent manner. The LPA-induced VSMC proliferation is related to the activity of MAP kinases, enzymes involved in an intracellular signalling pathway. The results of the present study showed that Yangxueqingnao particles can effectively inhibit LPA-induced VSMC proliferation, MAP kinase activation, and reduce lipid peroxidative lesion.     

Allograftic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplanted into heart infarcted model of rabbit to renovate infarcted heart

Objective: To investigate the directed transplantation of allograftic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in myocardial infarcted (MI) model rabbits. Materials and Methods: Rabbits were divided into 3 groups, heart infarcted model with MSCs transplanted treatment (MSCs group, n=12), heart infarcted model with PBS injection (control group, n=20), sham operation with PBS injection (sham group, n=l 7). MSCs labelled by BrdUrd were injected into the MI area of the MSCs group. The same volume of PBS was injected into the MI area of the control group and sham group. The mortality, LVIDd, LVIDs and LVEF Of the two groups were compared 4 weeks later. Tropomyosin inhibitory component (Tn I) and BrdUrd immunohistochemistry identified the engrafted cells 4 weeks after transplantation. Result: The mortality of the MSCs group was 16.7% (2/12), and remarkably lower than the control group's mortality [35% (7/20) (P＜0.05)].Among the animals that survived for 4 weeks, the LVIDd and LVIDs of the MSCs group after operation were 1.17±0.21 cm and 0.74±0.13 cm, and remarkably lower than those of the model group, which were 1.64±0.14 cm and 1.19±0.12 cm (P＜0.05); the LVEF of the MSCs group after operation was 63±6%, and remarkably higher than that of the model group,which was 53±6% (P＜0.05). Among the 10 cases of animals that survived for 4 weeks in the MSCs group, in 8 cases (80%),the transplanted cells survived in the non MI, MI region and its periphery, and even farther away; part of them differentiated into cardiomyocytes; in 7 cases (70%), the transplanted cells participated in the formation of blood vessel tissue in the MI region. Conclusion: Transplanted allograftic MSCs can survive and differentiate into cardiomyocytes, form the blood vessels in the MI region. MSCs transplantation could improve the heart function after MI.     

何杰金氏病肿瘤细胞生物学特征研究

目的对何杰金氏病肿瘤细胞进行形态学观察和免疫表型研究.材料方法福尔马林固定,石蜡包理的何杰金氏病组织12例(NSHL6例,MCHL5例,LDHL1例)进行HE染色和CD30、CD15、CD20、CD45RO、Ki-67抗原免疫组化在肿瘤细胞和背景成分中的表达情况.结果(1)R-S细胞有各种变体形式.(2)各型HL具有不同的背景成分和组织学特征.(3)NSHL肿瘤细胞表达CD30(6/6)、CD15(1/6),不表达CD20(0/6).MCHL肿瘤细胞表达CD30(5/5)、CD15(0/5),LDHL肿瘤细胞表达CD30(1/1).CD30阳性率明显高于CD15(0.01＜P＜0.025).结论(1)NSHL中纤维组织增生形成结节,瘤细胞以陷窝细胞为主;MCHL中诊断型R-S细胞及其它变体细胞数量较多;LDHL以淋巴细胞减少为其特征.均以表达CD30为其特征.(2)在何杰金氏病鉴别判断中一定要应用免疫组化.CD30、CD45RO、Ki-67、CD20一般为一线抗体.