我国体育学院男排运动员攻击性心理的量化研究

主要采用心理问卷法,探讨了不同级别男排队员,以及不同位置、主力与非主力队员的攻击性差异;并利用睾酮指标探讨了不同级别男排队员攻击性强弱的差异.结果表明,不同级别运动员在攻击性强弱及指向上存在差异,不同位置队员、主力与非主力队员在攻击性指向上存在差异。     

Correlates of verbally aggressive communication in adolescents

This investigation identifies demographic, media, and social correlates of verbally aggressive communication in adolescence. Mail surveys were completed and returned by 2,300 adolescents between the ages of 13 and 15. These adolescents were asked about the prevalence of verbal and physical aggression, the context in which it occurred, demographics, and the interpersonal and media influences in their lives. The results indicate that verbal aggression is widespread, that committing and experiencing verbal aggression is largely reciprocal, that there is a strong relationship between committing verbal and physical aggression, and that peer social influence and listening to violently oriented music are mildly related to verbal aggression in adolescents. These findings suggest more resources should be allocated to teaching adolescents to understand and control verbal aggression. Further, they provide important answers to many prevention and intervention programmatic questions, including context, content, and targeting concerns. Since the negative consequences of verbal aggression are severe and long lasting, decreasing this destructive communication behavior should significantly improve the lives of many adolescents. These and other practical implications are expanded upon and discussed.     

对足球运动员比赛中攻击与暴力行为的分析研究

现代体育运动竞争激烈,在足球运动中球场上的暴力事件层出不穷,足球运动员在比赛中攻击和暴力行为也频频出现。本文通过对体育竞赛中攻击性行为和暴力行为的概念以及攻击理论的分析研究,归纳了足球运动员在比赛中攻击性行为和暴力行为产生的因素,以及对此现象的控制和预防措施,以期在足球比赛中运动员尽量避免不文明行为的发生,净化赛场风气。     

Exploring Verbal,Visual and Schematic Learners' Static and Dynamic Mental Images of Scientific Species and Processes in Relation to Their Spatial Ability

The current study compared different learners’ static and dynamic mental images of unseen scientific species and processes in relation to their spatial ability. Learners were classified into verbal, visual and schematic. Dynamic images were classified into: appearing/disappearing, linear-movement, and rotation. Two types of scientific entities and their related processes were investigated: astronomical and microscopic. The sample included 79 female students from Grades 9 and 10. For the purpose of the study, three instruments were used. The Mental Images by Guided Imagery instrument was designed to investigate participants' visualization of static and dynamic mental images. The Water-Level Task was adopted to estimate participants' spatial ability. The Learning Styles Inventory was used to classify participants into verbal, visual and schematic learners. The research findings suggest that schematic learners outperformed verbal and visual learners in their spatial ability. They also outperformed them in their vividness of microscopic images; both micro-static and micro-dynamic images; especially in the case of appearing/disappearing images. The differences were not significant in the case of astronomical images. The results also indicate that appearing/disappearing images received the least vividness scores for all three types of learners.     

人格变量的性别差异述评

有关性别差异的假设在许多研究报告中都有所呈现。尽管这是一个备受争议的领域，但在过去的几十年里，研究者们还是已经探察了许多人格变量的性别差异。如今，使用元分析技术，心理学家们对于性别差异有了一定的认识。已有的相关研究表明：男性和女性在助人行为、移情、攻击、从众等方面都没有显著的差异，以往研究从效度来说是存在问题的。     

幕末、明治时代日本侵华思想检证

幕末、明治时代,日本已经开始侵略中国,各种各样的侵华思想不断问世,成为其侵略行动的战略指导和精神支柱。这时的侵华思想以大陆政策为核心和主线,以“神国”理念和民族优越论为特征,是封建扩张主义、殖民主义和民族狂妄主义的混合物,对后来日本大规模的侵华思想理论的泛滥和行动的推进产生了深远的影响。     

影响大学生侵犯行为的群体因素分析

研究表明,群体因素是大学生侵犯行为的主要影响因素之一。本文从心理学角度分析影响大学生侵犯行为的群体因素,探讨大学生群体侵犯行为的成因,并试图做出客观的解释。     

The relationship between school belonging,sibling aggression and bullying involvement: implications for students with and without disabilities

Bullying is grounded in the interactions between an individual and complex social–ecological systems. Therefore, bullying involvement is not just confined to the classroom or school. Recent research suggests that sibling aggression may be a predictor for peer-level aggression. These findings may be more relevant for students with disabilities because studies suggest that students with disabilities are disproportionately involved in the bullying dynamic. Therefore, this study explored the intersection between sibling aggression and school belonging on bullying, victimisation and fighting for 14,508 students, including 1183 students with disabilities and 13,325 students without disabilities in grades 6 through 12. As hypothesised, students with disabilities reported higher levels of victimisation, bullying and fighting. Additionally, high levels of school belonging partially buffered fighting and bullying behaviours for students with and without disabilities. These findings demonstrate the importance of establishing an inclusive and safe environment for school-aged youth.     

对一元线性拟合的显著性检验的进一步分析

在常用的F统计量检验一元线性回归模型的基础上，讨论了自变量与因变量之间除线性关系外是否存在其它关系的判定方法。     

Disentangling the relationship between working memory and language: The roles of short-term storage and cognitive control

This study investigates the relationship between working memory and language in young children growing up in a multilingual environment. The aim is to explore whether mechanisms of short-term storage and cognitive control hold similar relations to emerging language skills and to investigate if potential links are mediated by related cognitive abilities. A sample of 119 Luxembourgish 6-year-olds completed several assessments of working memory (complex and simple span), native and foreign vocabulary, syntax, reading, rhyme awareness, and fluid intelligence. Results showed that short-term storage and cognitive control manifested differential links with developing language abilities: Whereas verbal short-term storage was specifically linked to vocabulary; cognitive control manifested unique and robust links with syntax and early reading development. The study suggests that in young children the working memory system is composed of separate but interacting components corresponding to short-term storage and cognitive control that can be distinguished by the roles they play in supporting language acquisition.