Development of a chemically defined medium for Planctopirus limnophila to increase biomass production

BackgroundPlanctomycetes is a phylum of biofilm-forming bacteria with numerous biosynthetic gene clusters, offering a promising source of new bioactive secondary metabolites. However, the current generation of chemically defined media achieves only low biomass yields, hindering research on these species. We therefore developed a chemically defined medium for the model organism Planctopirus limnophila to increase biomass production.ResultsWe found that P. limnophila grows best with a 10 mM sodium phosphate buffer. The replacement of complex nitrogen sources with defined amino acid solutions did not inhibit growth. Screening for vitamin requirements revealed that only cyanocobalamin (B12) is needed for growth. We used response surface methodology to optimize the medium, resulting in concentrations of 10 g/L glucose, 34 mL/L Hutner’s basal salts, 23.18 mM KNO₃, 2.318 mM NH₄Cl and 0.02 mg/L cyanocobalamin. The analysis of amino acid consumption allowed us to develop a customized amino acid solution lacking six of the amino acids present in Aminoplasmal 10%. Fed-batch cultivation in a bioreactor using the optimized medium achieved a final ΔOD₆₀₀ of 46.8 ± 0.5 after 108 h, corresponding to a cell dry weight of 13.6 ± 0.7 g/L.ConclusionsThe optimized chemically defined medium allowed us to produce larger amounts of biomass more quickly than reported in earlier studies. Further research should focus on triggering P. limnophila biofilm formation to activate the gene clusters responsible for secondary metabolism.How to cite: Kruppa OC, Gerlach D, Fan R, et al. Development of a chemically defined medium for Planctopirus limnophila to increase biomass production. Electron J Biotechnol 2021;54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2021.09.002.     

维生素C和免疫多糖对中华倒刺鲃非特异性免疫功能的影响

在中华倒刺鲃每千克基础饲料中分别添加免疫多糖2g、免疫多糖4g、维生素C（VC）700mg、VC1400nag、VC700mg＋免疫多糖2g、VC700mg＋免疫多糖4g、VC1400mg＋免疫多糖2g、VC1400mg＋免疫多糖4g,以基础饲料为对照组,连续投喂2周后,通过测定血液白细胞的数量,白细胞吞噬能力,血清、头肾和脾脏的溶菌酶活力,探讨不同浓度的免疫多糖和VC对中华倒刺鲃非特异性免疫功能的影响．结果表明：VC和免疫多糖都能提高中华倒刺鲃免疫机能,且免疫多糖和VC二者间在较低浓度组合时有协同作用,高浓度组合时反而产生拮抗作用．免疫多糖和VC的最适宜组合浓度为（VC700mg＋免疫多糖2g）／kg基础饲料．     

间接分光光度法测定药品中VC含量

利用VC的还原性,将Fe3+定量转化为Fe2+离子,产生的Fe2+与邻菲哆啉形成橘红色络合物,从而间接测定VC的含量。结果表明,络合物在510nm处有最大吸收峰,且显色物的浓度在2.0×10-6-5.0×10-5mol/L范围内与吸光度成正比,其相关系数R为0.9936,检出限为2.0×10-6mol/L,被测定样品的...     

小鼠力竭运动后GSH变化及MDA、ATP与肌肉机能恢复关系的研究

小鼠经 1 0天灌喂中药合剂后 ,安静时小鼠肌 MDA值明显降低 ,GSH值升高。力竭运动后 GSH、ATP、MDA值的恢复明显加快 ,其中 GSH值的加快提示 ,在恢复期内 GSH的变化可能对肌肉机能的恢复有重要意义。     

芦丁和维生素C对大鼠力竭运动后自由基代谢的影响

观察了芦丁和维生素 C对大鼠力竭运动后脂质过氧化水平 (L PO) ,超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH— Px)活性的影响。结果显示 :芦丁和维生素 C可降低大鼠力竭运动后脂质过氧化水平 ,提高大鼠力竭运动后超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性。此结果说明 :芦丁和维生素 C可减少力竭运动后因脂质过氧化而产生的自由基 ,提高机体抵抗运动性疲劳的能力 ,并对防止运动损伤也有一定的作用。     

VDR,RXR, Coronin-1 and Interferonγ Levels in PBMCs of Type-2 Diabetes Patients: Molecular Link between Diabetes and Tuberculosis

Diabetes and tuberculosis are world’s most deadly epidemics. People suffering from diabetes are susceptible to tuberculosis. Molecular link between the two is largely unknown. It is known that Vitamin A receptor (RXR) heterodimerizes with Vitamin D receptor (VDR) and Peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor-γ (PPARγ) to regulate Tryptophan-aspartate containing coat protein (TACO) expression and fatty acid metabolism respectively, so it would be interesting to check the expression of these genes in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients which might explain the susceptibility of diabetics to tuberculosis. In this study, we checked the expression of RXR, VDR, TACO and Interferon-γ (IFNγ) genes in type-2 DM patients for understanding the link between the two diseases. We observed down regulation of RXR gene and corresponding up regulation of TACO gene expression. We have not observed significant change in expression of VDR and IFNγ genes in type-2 DM patients. Repression of RXR gene could hamper VDR-RXR heterodimer formation and thus would up regulate TACO gene expression which may predispose the type-2 DM patients to tuberculosis. Also, decrease in RXR-PPARγ heterodimer could be involved in DM.     

Vitamin a status in children with diarrhoea

Vitamin A status was measured in 50 pre-school children with acute and persistent diarrhoea. It was measured by (a) Fluorometric micromethod and (b) Conjunctival impression cytology (CIC). The results were compared with 25 normal children. Vitamin A status was lower in children with persistent diarrhoea whereas the results were comparable between the children with acute diarrhoea and control subjects.     

y-氨基丁酸和维生素E对AA肉鸡胸肌生长的影响

目的：研究y-氨基丁酸（GABA）对肉鸡胸肌生长的影响,并进一步探讨y-氨基丁酸（GABA）和维生素E（VE）联合应用时是否具有协同作用。方法：试验将300只鸡随机分为6个试验组,每组50羽。其中试验I组为对照组,试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组日粮中分别添加25mg／kg、50mg／kg、75mg／kg的GABA,试验V、Ⅵ组日粮中分别添加50rag／kgGABA＋50mg／kgVE和50mg／kgGABA＋100mg／kgVE。在21日龄和42日龄分剐采样,显微镜下测算肌纤维直径。结论：在日粮中添加GABA对肉仔鸡体重和胸肌生长有一定的影响,且具有一定的剂量依赖性,其中以中剂量（50mg／kg）的GABA应用效果最佳。日粮中添加25mg／kg的GABA可以显著提高21日龄肉鸡胸肌肌纤维直径,促进早期肌肉生长,而一定剂量GABA（50rag／kg）与VE（50-100mg／kg）联合应用可显著降低42日龄胸肌肌纤维直径,进而改善肉品质。     

Effect of Vitamin E on sP-Selectin Levels in Pre-Eclampsia

P-selectin, a cell adhesion molecule is elevated in many inflammatory conditions including preeclampsia which is characterized by generalized endothelial dysfunction and vasoconstriction presumably due to free radicals or mediators released by defective placentation. Vitamin E has been documented to protect cell membranes from oxidative damage and also decrease platelet aggregation. The role of vitamin E in pre-eclampsia is contradictory and hence the study was undertaken. Soluble P-selectin was measured by ELISA and Vitamin-E levels in plasma was estimated spectrofluorometrically. In our study the effect of supplementation of 400 IU/day of Vitamin E (a-tocopheryl acetate) to patients of pre-eclampsia showed significant decreased levels of soluble P-selectin by 2nd week as compared to patients given placebo (P = 0.005). In this short period of study no direct correlations were observed between Vitamin E or P-selectin levels with blood pressure as well as with proteinuria. Future studies may focus on the effect of a-tocopheryl acetate or the phosphate form of Vitamin-E, recently proposed to be the more active form on other inflammatory markers like IL-6, an important stimuli of P-selectin release in pre-eclampsia.     

VE干预对模拟高原训练大鼠骨骼肌苹果酸脱氢酶的影响

以SD雄性大鼠为研究对象 ,建立用低压氧舱模拟高原 4 0 0 0m低氧环境的动物训练模型 ,观察VE干预对模拟高原训练大鼠骨骼肌苹果酸脱氢酶 (MDH)活性的影响。结果表明 :3周模拟高原训练后 ,大鼠骨骼肌苹果酸脱氢酶 (MDH)活性明显提高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,VE干预使这一变化更明显 (P <0 .0 1)。