Academic attitudes toward new media: An exploratory multidisciplinary study

This article looks at the attitudes of UK academics toward new media, utilizing organizational and sociocultural understandings of fields of scholarly enquiry. It focuses on four traditionally distinct disciplines—art and design, computer science, health science, and politics and international relations—representative of the range of approaches in higher education. Agreement was found among respondents across disciplinary communities about what new media represent and how they support their work. Analysis of semantic differential charts identified two dimensions underlying attitudes—“flexibility” and “fitness for scholarly purposes.” Rather than being anchored by epistemological divisions, new media are assessed by practical viewpoints relating to the activity types they allow, and by traditional measures of reliability. In response to questions about other characteristics of their disciplines (such as reputation and audience diversity), distinctions are in evidence, although in some cases these are not traditional ones.     

汉语方言中两种差量式差比句使用情况的考察

“A＋比＋B＋W＋Z”和“A＋W＋B＋Z”是两种带比较差值的差比句句式,广泛分布在汉语方言中。本文探讨它们在汉语方言区中的分布情况、交替机制以及竞争状态。和“A＋W＋B”不同,“A＋W＋B＋Z”普遍存留在汉语方言中,其原因有待考察。     

我国城乡居民收入差距的理性思考

城乡居民收入差距是我国居民收入差距的主要组成部分，并且有不断扩大的趋势。文章从中国现行的体制制度等方面论述了我国城乡居民收入差距的现状、原因，并提出了解决问题的对策。     

农民工劳动权益的性别差异研究——基于珠三角3000多位农民工的调查

本文基于珠江三角洲地区3000多位农民工的实证调查数据,考察了农民工劳动权益的性别差异及其原因.结果表明,农民工,不管是男性还是女性,在企业打工期间并没有获得理应获得的劳动权益,而且他们在工资、工资拖欠、技能培训、辞工自由、日常福利、人身权利等劳动权益的获得方面存在较为明显的性别差异.进一步分解导致农民工在上述劳动权益方面存在的性别差异的原因,本文发现,性别歧视可能是导致当前我国农民工劳动权益的性别差异的一个最为重要的原因,此外,人力资本因素和组织制度因素也为这种性别差异提供了较强的解释力.     

Do sheepskin effects help explain racial earnings differences?

This study examines the role of sheepskin effects in explaining white–black earnings differences. The study finds significant differences in sheepskin effects between white men and black men, with white men receiving higher rewards for lower level signals (degrees of a college education or less) and black men receiving higher rewards for higher level signals (graduate degrees). In performing an Oaxaca decomposition of earnings differences, it is apparent that signaling plays an important role in explaining white–black earnings differences and that a portion of the gap may be explained by statistical discrimination.     

Unintended consequences on gender diversity of high-tech growth and labor market polarization

There has been considerable media coverage highlighting the lack of gender diversity in Silicon Valley, stressing the relatively low participation of women in the high-tech economy. Austin offers a unique case for testing whether similar gender issues characterized other high-tech regions because the city has historically benefited from the expansion of Silicon Valley’s large high-tech firms since the 1980s. The gender-biased business practices identified in Silicon Valley firms may have been transferred to their branch plants in Austin. Our analysis shows women’s losses in middle-skill occupation employment shares were concentrated in the low-tech industry and were partially offset by job share gains in high-skill occupations in the same sector between 1980 and 2015. Men’s losses in middle-skill occupation job share were also mainly concentrated in the low-tech sector but were partially offset by employment share gains in high-skill occupations only in the high-tech industry during this period. Women made large gains in relative real median wages only in high-skill occupations in the high-tech industry while their relative real median wages in other skill occupations and in the low-tech industry stagnated around zero during this period. Men’s gains in relative median wages were also concentrated only in the high-tech industry but were less than half of women’s and were negative (between ?10 and ?21 percent) in other occupations in the high-tech industry and across all occupations in the low-tech industry. As noted in previous studies, the impact of job polarization is not well understood across sectors and gender. This study finds the high-tech industry in Austin has had unintended consequences in terms of job polarization across gender, providing relatively fewer job opportunities in high-skill occupations to women than men but offering much higher gains in relative real median wages to women than men. Males also found relatively more job opportunities in high-skill occupations in the high-tech industry than women but experienced only half of women’s gains in relative median wages in this industry between 1980 and 2015.     

高校毕业生性别工资差异的经验分析——以山东省为例

近年来,高校毕业生在择业时面临的性别工资差异现象越来越严重。本文基于麦可思2011中国应届大学毕业生就业调查数据,应用Mincer模型对影响高校男、女毕业生工资的各因素进行分析,并采用Oaxaca分解法对性别工资差异进行分解。结果表明,个人特征变量和工作特征变量的群体差异不能完全解释性别工资差异。性别工资差异中不可解释的部分高达86.2%,说明高校毕业生在初次就业时存在比较严重的性别工资歧视现象。     

中国各省份制造业R&D增长绩效差异:结构和竞争力效应

本文基于2000年和2009年全国R&D资源清查统计数据,运用偏离—份额分析法,对中国30个省份制造业R&D投入增长绩效差异及引致这种差异的结构和竞争力效应进行了分析,并得出大多数省份制造业R&D增长绩效差异主要受其竞争力效应影响的结论.各省份要进一步驱动R&D增长就必须提升其创新竞争力,特别要采取有效政策以加快创新要素聚集、改善创新环境并提升区域创新系统的创新活力.     

浅谈《3U财务微机管理系统》的软件开发

本文介绍了我们在开发研制《用3U财务微机管理系统》软件中的工作方法及采用的技术,突出了该系统的特点,体现了系统的设计思想。     

中国纺织服装行业发展及政策——动态可计算一般均衡(CGE)分析

在次贷危机、人民币升值、劳动力和原材料价格上涨等多重压力下,中国纺织服装行业发展自2008年以来似乎陷入困境。文章利用动态可计算一般均衡(CGE)模型,首先通过对纺织服装业的发展历史,分析行业的技术变迁路径和扩张原因;然后对比了人民币升值、出口退税和工资上涨的相关影响;最后研究了次贷危机引起的国际需求下降对当下纺织服装行业的影响和未来行业发展趋势。认为MFA取消以后的资源重新配置对中国纺织服装有长期正的影响,具有资本密集倾向的纺织业在危机中可能有足够的承受能力,而服装加工行业将在长期危机中严重受损。纺织服装受到的冲击导致2009年实际GDP增速降低1.3%。虽然2009年中国经济增长保8目标最终实现,但针对未来可能出现的就业问题,建议政府短期内除出口退税外,采用工资补贴政策;在长期保持汇率稳定,避免大幅度升值。