贝里的合作学习观及其启示

和许多教育工作者一样，贝里认为学生间的互动分为竞争型、个体型、合作型三种类型，所不同的是贝里非常重视合作型互动在教学中的作用。贝里总结出了许多便于教师和学生操作的合作学习方法。他的合作学习给我们基础教育改革带来了一些启示，如通过合作学习可以转变师生观念、学生的学习方式、师生评价方式。     

二能级系统的绝热近似条件

计算出了二能级系统在非绝热近似情形下的演化波函数,同时计算出了系统在演化一周期后的几何相位。对比绝热近似时的情形,给出一种二能级系统的绝热近似条件。     

Intercultural communication for health personnel

In order to develop successful health care delivery systems, both in the United States and abroad, health service workers need to understand various cultural orientations and to communicate effectively within the cultures. The authors discuss the cultural implications of health problems in three countries, the need for training health science professionals in intercultural communication, and describe an intercultural communication course designed especially for health science students at California State University, Northridge.     

Reciprocity of inter-ethnic attitudes in a multicultural society

A national survey of multicultural and ethnic attitudes in Canada was conducted in 1974 (n = 1849). Data were analysed for the 1244 respondents whose ethnicity could be determined as Angloceltic, French, German, Italian or Ukrainian Canadian, A five group by five group intergroup attitude matrix was created, with each group acting both as attitude object and as holder of attitudes. Analysis indicated the existence of reciprocity or balance in the matrix: groups tended to reflect the attitude held toward them back onto the group holding the attitude. However this structural balance was moderated by the existence of shared attitudes about the position of a group in the national ethnic hierarchy. Further analysis indicated the existence of ethnocentrism in the matrix: attitudes toward ingroup and positive reference groups were more positive than toward out-groups. Perceived intergroup similarity and familiarity were positively correlated with each other and with intergroup acceptance. Results were discussed in relation to attitude balance theory and ethnocentrism theory, and in their implication for intergroup research in multicultural societies.     

Interview with Jake Berry,Editor of Outré, Artifact Collective Texts,Anomaly, The Experioddicist,and Currently 9th St. Laboratories

Alan May interviews the visionary poet Jake Berry, editor of Outré, Artifact Collective Texts, Anomaly, The Experioddicist, and currently 9th St. Laboratories. In the early 1990s, Berry saw the important role the Internet could play in the world of poetry, long before many well-known and award-winning poets began publishing poetry in blogs and e-zines. In this interview, May and Berry discuss the early days of e-mail and Internet literary publishing, and the art of poetry itself as it survives and thrives in the online era.     

Lessons in Self-Betrayal: On the Pitfalls of Transformative Education

In this essay Ryan Kemp makes an unlikely case for value stability, arguing that people should almost never aspire to become radically different and that, given this, some people should be reluctant to pursue educational experiences that wildly broaden their life possibilities. His account is developed and structured around two borrowed examples, one literary and the other historical. Wendell Berry, his novel Hannah Coulter in particular, is the source of the first example; Jonathan Lear, specifically the case of Native American resettlement developed in Radical Hope, provides the second. The essay contains three sections structured around three related ideas. The first section explores the rationality of wanting to be a different person. The second section explores the rationality of wanting to be the same person while doing entirely different things. And the third section explores the rationality of desiring an education that teaches you to be suspicious of being anything in particular.     

论瓦拉赫与艾伦的AMAs的伦理设计思想——兼评《机器伦理:教导机器人区分善恶》

随着人工智能技术的发展,(技术)人工物道德行为体(AMAs)日益呈现出高度的"自主权"和"感受性",使得机器(人)走出科幻小说的窠臼。由于世界需要善建AMAs、必要的道德"图灵测试"、强人工智能成为必然趋势,这些成为善建AMAs的时代性要求。瓦拉赫与艾伦提出了"三重区分"理论对AMAs进行了伦理定位,并提出了"自上而下式(TD)"和"自下而上式(BU)"两条伦理设计方法。瓦拉赫与艾伦立足于"未来场景"所进行的AMAs伦理设计思想为未来机器(人)的发展奠定了道德性根基。     

“明显而即刻的危险”原则的历史考察

本文主要通过对霍姆斯在马萨诸塞州最高法院期间和在联邦最高法院审理申克案之前言论自由案件判决的分析,来还原他如何提出在美国言论自由思想史上占据重要地位的"明显而即刻的危险"原则。这种还原包含两个方面:一、对霍姆斯在这段时间言论自由思想的转变历程进行勾勒;二、挖掘影响霍姆斯对言论自由思考转向的历史因素。通过这两方面的论述,尽可能完整地向读者展示"明显而即刻的危险"原则的历史由来。     

温德尔·拜瑞的乡村教育哲学

面对日益城市化和工业化的乡村学校,温德尔·拜瑞倡导以本土为中心的乡村教育哲学.拜瑞认为,乡村教育的目的应该是增进个体的幸福,为社区和生态体系谋福祉;乡村学校的首要任务是发展学生的判断力,建立民主化的乡村社区;而乡村教育目的和任务的达成需要自由课程和本土化知识的支撑.本文通过梳理拜瑞的乡村教育哲学,以期对我国的农村教育改革有所启迪.     

自旋为1粒子在旋转磁场中的演化及几何相

讨论了自旋为1粒子在旋转磁场中的演化.利用尝试波函数法求出了它的演化波函数.讨论了该系统在完成一个演化周期后的几何相.