浅议风险投资的多元退出机制

风险投资的退出机制对风险投资的最终成败有着举足轻重的作用,风险投资的退出机制在整个风险投资体系中处于核心地位。而影响中国风险投资业发展的关键性问题之一就是退出机制不健全。在借鉴国外的成功的经验时,必须结合我国现实情况的约束作全面分析。目前我国的资本市场、产权交易市场、风险投资体系、法律制度都不完善,而机制的完善不可能一蹴而就。因此,现阶段选择切实可行的退出方式以争取发展的时间,同时不断创造条件扫清障碍,最终建立完善的风险投资退出机制是非常必要的。     

What determines the duration of patent examination in China? An outcome-specific duration analysis of invention patent applications at SIPO

Although China is now the largest patent filing country in the world, research on the duration and outcomes of patent examination remains scarce. In this study, we conduct a replication and extension of Harhoff and Wagner’s (2009) work on the determinants of patent examination duration at the European Patent Office (EPO), using a rich dataset covering the population of about 1.1 million invention patent applications to China’s State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO) from 1993 to 2006. By considering all three competing examination outcomes (grant, withdrawal, and refusal) simultaneously, our competing risks analysis replicates many of the results in prior research and confirms that a number of the determinants have differential effects on pendencies for different outcomes. Our analysis also reveals several applicant and application characteristics whose effects on pendencies for specific outcomes differ from prior research. Finally, by incorporating a number of new determinants, we report a set of new findings about their effects on the examination duration for the three outcomes at SIPO.     

论我国风险投资退出机制的建立

建立风险投资退出机制是风险投资健康发展的核心环节。我国应借鉴国外发展风险投资的先进经验,积极筹建二板市场,促进风险资本良性的循环,全方位多层次地建立风险投资退出机制。     

试论谢灵运与陶渊明归隐的差异性

谢灵运与陶渊明是晋宋时期著名的隐士。虽然两人隐居的审美情趣皆指向自然,但由于各自家世背景、政治地位、经济条件的不同,造成了他们隐逸上的差异性：从归隐的动机上看,谢远祸全身,陶抗志固节;从隐逸的方式上看,谢寄情山水,陶托志陇亩;从隐后的心情看,谢言有感慨,陶心藏淡泊。     

隐蔽青年:思想道德教育的特殊对象

近年来,隐蔽青年作为一个特殊群体,越来越受到社会各界的广泛关注。教育、规范和引导隐蔽青年的思想行为,帮助他们健康成长,是思想道德教育工作者的一项重要任务。文章在介绍隐蔽青年由来的基础上,分析了当前隐蔽青年思想道德教育中存在的几个问题,结合工作中的实际情况,提出了加强和改进隐蔽青年思想道德教育的有效途径。     

建立高校学报退出机制的理性思考

【目的】 针对目前高校学报“千刊一面”、内涵匮乏、竞争力不足等问题,提出建立高校学报退出机制的构想,以推动高校学报改革,促进高校学报健康发展。【方法】 深入探析高校学报退出机制的内涵,借鉴报刊退出机制的实践情况,对比报刊退出机制与高校学报退出机制的联系和区别,分析高校学报退出机制建立的有利条件,并在此基础上探讨高校学报退出二级评估方案、退出标准及退出善后等问题。【结果】 建立高校学报退出机制,应充分考虑高校学报的特殊性,构建切实可行的评估方案,设定科学合理的退出标准,妥善处理退出善后等问题。【结论】 建立高校学报退出机制为高校学报体制改革提供了一条新思路。     

Coping strategies among internal migrant students in Turkey

This article is based on a qualitative study that explored educational challenges and coping mechanisms of internal migrant girls whose families moved from the rural areas in the east to the western parts of Turkey. The study revealed that internal migrant girls have encountered a number of challenges that influence their educational achievement at primary schools. From the perspective of migrant girls, the emerging themes included adaptation, language, low socio-economic background, peer relations, discrimination, bullying and self-esteem. The study also confirmed that migrant girls showed resilience in the face of substantial difficulties and developed a variety of coping mechanisms in an effort to overcome their hardships. Five mechanisms were identified by the study: resort to significant others, academic orientation, forming solidarity groups, cloning identities and withdrawal. The article underlines that analysing education-related concerns and coping strategies of migrant girls is required in order to develop effective and relevant intervention programmes on behalf of students.     

中小学教师退出机制中需厘清的八个关键问题

建立中小学教师退出机制的初衷是“优化教师队伍、提高教育质量”。为了让这一举措有效落地,需要解决其基本内涵、主要对象、考核体系、执行主体等问题。同时,还要从权利与义务对等的角度,关注教师的保障机制,调动教师工作的积极性和主动性,在全社会弘扬尊师重教的优良风尚。     

Childhood neglect and increased withdrawal and depressive severity in crack cocaine users during early abstinence

Studies have shown that environmental factors, such as exposure to childhood maltreatment, might shift the course of addiction. Little is known, however, about whether childhood physical neglect (PN) influences the severity of withdrawal and depressive symptoms during the detoxification period. This is a 3 weeks follow-up study. The participants were divided into 2 groups: those with a history of PN (PN+) (n = 32) and those without a history of PN (PN−) (n = 48). Clinical variables were assessed with the SCID-I, BDI-II, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Addiction Severity Index and Cocaine Selective Severity Assessment. Depressive symptom assessments were repeated at three time points. Withdrawal symptom assessments were repeated at five different points following detoxification. A repeated measures analysis of covariance indicated that the PN+ group exhibited a significantly lower reduction in the severity of withdrawal symptoms compared to the PN− group (p < 0.05). Post hoc analyses showed that after 12 days of treatment, the severity of withdrawal symptoms in the PN+ group did not decrease in the same level as was observed in the PN− group. Moreover, a strong correlation was found between the severity of depression and the intensity of the abstinence symptoms during treatment. Patients who reported more depressive symptoms also exhibited more severe withdrawal symptoms. The ASI-6 indicated higher severity problems related to alcohol and psychiatric disorders in the PN+ groups. Our data support the role of childhood PN in the contingencies of the detoxification process of crack cocaine-dependent women.