刘应登批注《世说新语》简论

刘应登批注《世说新语》,既进行词语、典故、史实、人物的训实,又涉及小说人物性格、情节设置、艺术表现的评点。虽然由于刘应登对小说文体的特性并没有表现出非常清醒的认识,他还不能有意识地从小说文体这个角度切入进行批注,因而对《世说新语》小说特征的认识不免有限,但其批注却在很多方面启发了稍后中国古代小说评点艺术的创始人刘辰翁。刘应登对于中国古代小说评点的贡献应予以肯定。     

二阶电路衰减系数α的修正

欠阻尼情况的RLC串联电路,用同频率的正弦波替代电感、电容两端的振荡波,测出电路的附加损耗,对衰减系数的理论值进行修正,可使衰减系数的实验值与理论值趋于一致。     

Provision of quality education in the context of Syrian refugee children in the UK: opportunities and challenges

Abstract

While existing research has shown the importance of the three interrelated domains of the wider policy, the school and home/community environments in the development of quality education for learners, this literature does not fully capture the experiences of the refugee population. In this article we focus on a group of Syrian refugees who came as part of the first large cohort that was welcomed in the UK in December 2015. We adapt Tikly’s quality education frameworks and develop a model that highlights not only the importance of the three intersecting environments, but also the specific inputs/processes that are critical to achieving quality education for refugees. In so doing, we stress the critical role of English as a tool for refugee children’s inclusion and integration in schools. Consequently, the contribution of the paper is an understanding of the inputs/processes that are key to the development of quality education for migrant/refugee children.     

Village Elders’ and Secondary School Students’ Explanations of Natural Phenomena in Papua New Guinea

This research investigated the sources of explanations and understanding of natural phenomena in terms of the students’ cultural and school science experiences. The first phase involved interviews with eight village elders that probed their explanations and understanding of natural phenomena. The second phase involved the design, development and administration of two questionnaires on natural phenomena to 179 students in a rural boarding high school in Papua New Guinea (PNG). Most village elders gave explanations of many of the phenomena in terms of spirits, spells, magic, religion, and personal experiences. Most school-aged students choose scientific explanations of natural phenomena in terms of what they had learned in school or from personal experiences. However, many choose explanations of the same phenomena about spirits, spells and magic that came from the village, family or home. The study revealed that students’ ideas about natural phenomena are strongly governed and controlled by their school science knowledge in the school setting. It is likely that their own traditional knowledge cannot be identified in a school setting but that questionnaires in the students’ local language be given to students in their villages (as opposed to school). In addition, so as not to diminish the value of this traditional knowledge, science education programs are needed that are able to consider and harmonise traditional knowledge with school science.     

Test-Based Learning: Inconsistent Effects Between Higher- and Lower-Level Test Questions

Providing test questions after an initial study phase is a common instructional technique. In theory, questions that require higher-level (deep) processing should be more beneficial than those that require lower-level (shallow) processing. However, empirical evidence on the matter is inconsistent. To shed light on two potential reasons for these inconsistencies, we conducted an experiment (N = 81) to analyze the role of (a) the share of information to which test questions direct learners and (b) the learning activities performed in the initial study phase with respect to the effects between higher- and lower-level test questions. We found that both the share of focused information and the initial learning activities moderated the effects between higher- and lower-level test questions.     

约束条件下的广义最小二乘估计

本文仿造约束最小二乘估计和广义最小二乘估计的推导方法．给出约束条件下的广义最小二乘估计。     

中美竞技篮球对篮球产业影响的比较研究

中美在篮球产业发展水平上存在着巨大差距,而竞技篮球发展水平对篮球产业的影响作用是造成这种差距的主要原因之一。NBA是美国篮球产业的赚钱机器,同时也是宣传机器和造势机器,NBA对美国篮球产业产品乃至深层次的篮球文化、篮球娱乐精神都具有广泛的影响力,这种影响力几乎覆盖全球。中国篮球职业化改革已走过28个年头,竞技篮球对篮球产业也产生了积极的影响,然而对照美国职业篮球发展路径,还存有很多不足和缺陷。今后需要在政府管理、企业自主经营、市场化发展等方面花大力气。     

过度理由效应在体育教学中的应用

文章运用文献资料研究方法,对心理学理论中的过度理由效应及其在体育教学中的应用进行了分析、思考,旨在将这一心理学效应理论充分应用于体育教学当中,以维持良好的教学秩序,培养学生自发从事体育活动的动机,为终身体育奠定心理基础。     

海市——十九世纪中国光学转型之个案研究

"海市"是自然界中存在的一种自然光现象。在中国古代的文献中记录着许多关于这种自然光现象的史料,并在记录的同时给予这种自然光现象的成因以相应的解释。从文献记载的内容来看有神话解释、常识解释等。以上各种解释的本质上都属于"非科学解释"。进入十九世纪之后随着西方光学著作被引进到中国,在光学研究领域内给予这种自然光现象以新的解释,即"科学解释"。这种"科学解释"主要包含了三个方面的因素:科学概念、科学定律以及科学实验。因此,十九世纪的中国光学研究在对于"海市"这种自然光现象的成因完成了由"非科学解释"到"科学解释"的转型。     

Aspiring to include versus implicit ‘othering’: teachers' perceptions of inclusive education in Wales

Wales, one of the four nations of the UK, is currently undergoing major education system-level reform. From the curriculum, through to a new additional learning needs (ALN) system, there is a renewed focus on inclusive education. Research has shown the importance of teachers' attitudes towards inclusion in creating inclusive learning environments. This research study is based on data from a survey of teachers in Wales (n = 253) exploring their perceptions of inclusive education. Thematic analysis of open-text responses revealed that while teachers were able to articulate the ‘ideal’ of inclusion, these positive ideals were often caveated by both implicit othering of learners with ALN and by the explicit limitations of behaviour, training, and finance and resources. This article critically evaluates the implications of teacher perceptions of inclusive education in Wales, suggesting that without a change in teacher attitudes, the vision of an inclusive education system may be compromised.