二能级系统的绝热近似条件

计算出了二能级系统在非绝热近似情形下的演化波函数,同时计算出了系统在演化一周期后的几何相位。对比绝热近似时的情形,给出一种二能级系统的绝热近似条件。     

BMI和心肺适能对全代谢综合征男性最大脂代谢水平的影响

目的:探究BMI和心肺适能对全代谢综合征男性最大脂代谢水平的影响.方法:采用CDS代谢综合征诊断标准募集24名全代谢综合征(tMS)男性.血清指标检测采用酶法和放免法.直接测定最大耗氧量和最大有氧功.间接测热法和非连续递增负荷法检测最大脂代谢水平.分别依据BMI、最大耗氧量的平均值将被试分为高,低BMI组,高、低心肺适能组.结果:tMS男性整体最大脂氧化率(MFOR)为151.58±20.64 mg/min,最大脂氧化强度(Fatmax)为28.48±5.98%VO2max,Fatmax相应RER为0.94±0.01;供能交叉点为33.42±6.96%VO2max,心肺适能水平为18.25±2.68 ml/kg/mim;高、低BMI组间心肺适能、MFOR、Fatmax和交叉点均无显著性差异;高、低心肺适能组间MFOR具有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),但BMI、Fatmax和交叉点强度均无显著性差异;tMS男性BMI与MFOR相关不具显著性,心肺适能与MFOR具显著性正相关(r=0.75,P<0.01).结论:全代谢综合征男性最大脂氧化强度处于低有氧强度范围,tMS男性最大脂氧化率受心肺适能水平影响,而BMI对其无显著影响.     

广义Birkhoff系统Lie对称性的摄动与绝热不变量

研究广义Birkhoff系统Lie对称性的摄动与绝热不变量.首先,列写出广义Birkhoff系统的运动微分方程;其次,基于微分方程在无限小变换下的不变性,研究了广义Birkhoff系统的Lie对称性,给出了系统Lie对称性直接导致的Hojman守恒量,并进一步研究在小扰动作用下Lie对称性的摄动,得到了系统的Hojma...     

混凝土绝热温升测试系统的改进及应用

混凝土的绝热温升及其变化规律是混凝土、尤其是大体积混凝土结构仿真分析的重要热学参数,该文采用新型的温度量测元件对基于“二次跟踪加热法”的混凝土绝热温升测试系统进行了软硬件全方位的改进,并通过改进的混凝土绝热温升测试系统对高标号混凝土的绝热温升进行了测试,得出了不同配合比的绝热温升随时间的变化规律。文中改进的温度采集系统、PID控制方法和基于VC语言编制的软件系统等,可保证试验全过程的绝热条件,实现了人机交互,使测试系统精度优于0.1℃,提高了测试系统的稳定性和易用性。     

稀土配合物Sm（hq）2Ac的标准摩尔生成焓的测定

用具有恒温环境的溶解-反应量热计,测定了在T = 298.15K时[SmCl3 6H2O (s) + 2Hhq (s)+NaAc(s)]和[Sm(hq)2Ac(s)+NaCl(s)+2HCl(g)+6H2O(l)]反应的标准摩尔反应焓为(213.6±1.5)kJ mol-l,根据上述标准摩尔反应焓和其它的热力学数据可求得在T = 298.15 K时Sm(hq)2Ac-l的标准生成焓是 (1217.7±3.4)kJ mol.     

Numerical Modeling of the Performance of R22 and R290 in Adiabatic Capillary Tubes Considering Metastable Two-Phase Region--Flow Characteristics and Parametric Analysis of R22 and R290

Characteristics of R22 and its new alternative refrigerant R290 flowing through adiabatic capillary tubes are investigated based on the homogeneous model.Extensive flow variables along tube length such as pressure, temperature, viscosity, velocity, Reynolds number, friction factor and vapor quality etc are compared between the two fluids under the same operating condition. Two cases are considered, namely, either the same tube length or the same mass flow rate as inlet condition. The results show that the mass flow rate in the capillary tube of R290 is 40% lower than that of R22 due to the differences of physical properties between the two fluids. Further, a parametric analysis is performed and it appears that effects of geometric and thermodynamic parameters on mass flow rate of R290 are weaker than that of R22. When the condensing temperature is increased from 40 ℃ to 50 ℃, the mass flow rate for R22 is increased by 16%, while the increasing rate for R290 is 13%.     

十四酸、十六酸的热容和熔化焓

用精密自动绝热量热计测定了两种分析纯级脂肪酸十四酸和十六酸在80～370K温区的热容,获得固液熔化相变的热力基础数据:熔点分别为326.998K和335.934K,熔化焓分别为45.876kJmol~(-1)和49.065kJmol~(-1),熔化熵分别为104.5JK~(-1)mol~(-1)和146.4JK~(-1)mol~(-1)。     

强冲击作用下蓝宝石内绝热剪切带的形成与检测

对蓝宝石单晶的冲击实验进行了报道,实验中冲击压力为42GPa．回收后的样品显示冲击蓝宝石中部分晶体变成了熔融形状,回收样品中剪切带特征明显．实验结果证实绝热剪切是强冲击作用下蓝宝石的主要失效方式．     

绝热自由膨胀实验的理论探讨

应用改进的绝热自由膨胀实验装置,分析了焦耳系数描述的有效性,按照热力学理论分别计算了几种气体的焦耳系数.理论上预言了各种气体经绝热自由膨胀后温度的变化,并从气体内能和分子力的角度给出了其微观解释.     

Impact of data analysis methods for maximal fat oxidation estimation during exercise in sedentary adults

Abstract

The maximal fat oxidation (MFO), and the exercise intensity that elicits MFO (Fat_max), are considered excellent markers of fat metabolism during exercise. Besides individual’s biological characteristics (e.g. fed state, physical fitness level, sex, or age), data selection and analysis can affect MFO and Fatmax estimations, yet the effect is unknown. We investigated (i) the impact of using a pre-defined time interval on MFO and Fat_max estimation, and (ii) the impact of applying 2 different data analysis approaches (measured-values vs. polynomial-curve) on MFO and Fat_max estimations in sedentary adults. A total of 151 (97 women) sedentary adults aged 29.2?±?13.2 years old participated in the study. We assessed MFO and Fatmax through a walking graded exercise test using indirect calorimetry. We pre-defined 13 different time intervals for data analysis, and the estimation of MFO and Fat_max were performed through the measured-values and the polynomial-curve data analysis approaches. There were significant differences in MFO across pre-defined time intervals methods (P?<?0.001) applying measured-values data analysis approach, while no statistical differences were observed when using polynomial-curve data analysis approach (P?=?0.077). There were no differences in Fat_max across pre-defined time intervals independently of the data analysis approach (P?≥?0.7). We observed significant differences in MFO between measured-values and the polynomial-curve data analysis approaches across the time intervals methods selected (all P?≤?0.05), and no differences were observed in Fat_max (all P?≥?0.2). In conclusion, our results revealed that there are no differences in MFO and Fat_max across different time intervals methods selected using the polynomial-curve data analysis approach. We observed significant differences in MFO between measured-values vs. polynomial-curve data analysis approaches in all the study time intervals, whereas no differences were detected in Fatmax. Therefore, the use of polynomial-curve data analysis approach allows to compare MFO and Fat_max using different time intervals in sedentary adults.