运动应激性溃疡及其机制的实验研究

研究目的:探讨运动应激性胃溃疡的病理生理特点及其机制。材料和方法:健康雌性SD大鼠为实验材料,研究了大鼠运动应激性胃溃疡模型的建立,力竭性运动所致应激性胃溃疡的产生规律、表现形式及特点,运动应激性胃溃疡的产生机制。结果:①游泳组动物运动时间(167.1±63.33min)显著长于跑台跑组(40.71±30.34min)(P<0.05),胃溃疡分数显著升高(游泳组13.8±11.89;跑台跑组5.67±6.896)(P<0.05)。②力竭性游泳运动所致的运动应激性胃粘膜损伤,呈点状或条索状的出血或溃烂,多位于粘膜的皱褶处,且大多与胃的纵轴平行;扫描电镜显示胃粘膜细胞破坏严重,形成空泡状或碎片状。③大鼠力竭性游泳运动前后不同时间内胃粘膜损伤的分数分别为:运动前为0;后即刻为15.22±10.58;30分钟为15.75±4.35;后3小进为12.2±7.26;后24小时为0;后100小时为0。腹腔注射盐酸肾上腺素0.3ml(1mg/ml)前、后30分、3小时胃粘膜损伤分数分别为:0,20±5.26,20±6.32。也呈点状或条状出血或溃烂。④对照组大鼠胃组织内一氧化氮含量及一氧化氮合酶的活性分别为10.68±4.31μmol/gprotein和6.02±1.09U/mgprotein;实验组分别为17.79±9.24μmol/gprotein(P<0.05)和9.13±3.63U/mgprotein(P<0.05)。⑤力竭性游泳运动后即刻胃组织中的钙含量(898±153     

Individual and contextual factors in ethical decision making: A case study of the most significant doping scandal in Canadian university sports history

This case study is written for instructors of sport management courses focused on ethics and integrity-related issues in team environments. The case highlights the real world example of the University of Waterloo Warriors varsity football that, in 2010, experienced the most significant doping scandal in Canadian university sports history, with a total of nine anti-doping rule violations asserted through the Canadian Centre for Ethics in Sport. This case study also incorporates the findings of an independent review of the Waterloo football program in relation to the use of banned substances, and includes first-hand accounts from Bob Copeland who was the acting director of athletics. These findings are then interpreted in the context of relevant theory related to performance enhancing drugs (PEDs) use. Along with the findings of this review, which included interviews with athletes, coaches, and administrators, the case study provides important insights into ethical decision making processes and leadership structures in a team sport environment. Particular emphasis is placed on the role that individual cognitive antecedents and contextual organizational factors (i.e., policies, leadership, ethical climate, and infrastructure) play in ethical decision-making processes.     

Resiliency as a factor protecting youths from risky behaviour: Moderating effects of gender and sport

We hypothesised that resiliency may protect adolescents against risky behaviours, and that both the practicing of sports, and gender are moderating variables in relationships between resiliency and risky behaviours. The study included 18-year-old pupils from a selection of secondary schools (n = 556). A total of 188 individuals practiced competitive sports and the remaining 368 participants were non-athletes. The participants were examined with the Resiliency Assessment Scale for Children and Adolescents (SPP-18) and with a survey containing questions and statements related to high-risk “experiments with adulthood”. Adolescent athletes showed higher levels of resiliency than their peers. The power of the “Determination and Persistence in Action” effect on “Alcohol” scale differed significantly between male athletes and male non-athletes. Only in the athletes groups were higher scores on this scale reflected by lower values on the “Drugs” scale. Moreover, it is possible to observe differences in undertaking risky behaviour between male and female athletes. The analysis of risky sexual behaviour suggests that sport is a risk factor for men, and a protective factor for women. These data suggest that consistent prophylactic and psycho-educative activities, with a special attention to differences between genders, should be provided to all the adolescents, irrespective of their sport performance levels.     

抗消化性溃疡药物的研究进展

通过查阅国内外研究文献,对抗消化系统溃疡药物药理作用特点进行了归纳总结,指出与抑酸药、粘膜保护药、抗幽门杆菌药物联方或组成复方制剂的具有标本兼治功能的综合性治疗药物以提高溃疡愈合率,降低复发率,将成为抗消化性溃疡药物研究的重要方向.     

Organosilicon reagents in natural product synthesis

Berzelius, the Swedish chemist in 1807 introduced the term ‘organic compounds’ as those substances derived from once living organisms (organized systems). Carbon exhibits the property of catenation (formation of chains) and forms a plethora of compounds on earth. Silicon on the other hand which is placed below carbon in the periodic table does not exhibit this property. This article is a brief account of some of the several reagents and classes of compounds encountered in organosilicon chemistry.     

高通量药物筛选中靶分子固定化数学物理模型的建立

通过对高能量药物筛选基本过程的分析 ,探索了靶分子固定化可能对筛选质量构成的影响 .从分子相互作用看 ,实际的过程远较理想的情况复杂 .分子间存在的静电力、疏水作用力及氢键力能对固定化的机理构成较大影响 ,甚至可能诱发多层吸附的固定化模式 .基于固定化过程中可能存在的靶分子与靶分子、靶分子与微球、体相与表面相之间的相互作用 ,构筑了相应的数学物理模型 ,为实际的筛选工作提供了可参考的理论依据 .     

人参黄连对力竭运动大鼠血清肌钙蛋白T、脑钠肽以及心脏的可能影响实验研究

目的：：观察人参黄连对力竭运动大鼠血清肌钙蛋白T( cTnI)、脑钠肽( BNP)的影响,探讨其对运动力竭大鼠心脏的保护机制。方法：运用游泳运动建立大鼠疲劳模型,随机分为人参黄连运动即刻组( A)、人参黄连运动后24h组(B)、人参黄连安静组(C)、运动即刻组(D)、运动后24h组(E)、安静组(F),C、F组休息状态,A 、B、D、E组游泳训练。采用酶联免疫吸附测定法测定大鼠血清cTnI和BNP。 B、C、E、F组血cTnI和BNP值明显低于A、D组(P<0.01)。此外,与E组相比,B组血cTnI和BNP值明显降低。结论：人参黄连可降低血清cTnI和BNP,直接或间接促进心肌可逆性损伤和局域性不可逆微损伤的恢复,对力竭运动大鼠心脏损伤有保护作用,对运动性疲劳也有消除或延缓作用。     

中药现代化的示范性成果——丹参多酚酸盐及其注射用丹参多酚酸盐的研究与开发

丹参多酚酸盐及其注射用丹参多酚酸盐是由中药丹参经提取精制的多酚酸盐类化合物制备而成.经大量临床前药理学研究及多中心临床试验,证明是一个安全、高效、质量稳定、可控的治疗冠心病、心绞痛药物.2005年5月25日,经国家食品药品监督管理局(SFDA)批准,丹参多酚酸盐及其注射用丹参多酚酸盐的新药注册申请获得了新药证书和生产批文.相关技术获中国专利和美国专利的授权,是一项拥有自主知识产权的现代化中药新药.本文主要介绍丹参多酚酸盐及其注射用丹参多酚酸盐的研制背景、意义和取得的成果.     

A moral basis for prohibiting performance enhancing drug use in competitive sport

A strong moral reason for prohibiting doping in sport is to be found in the bad choices that would be faced by clean athletes in a sporting world that tolerated doping. The case against doping is not, however, to be grounded in the concept of coercion. Instead, it is grounded in a general duty of sport to afford fair opportunity to the goods that are distinctively within sport's sphere of control. The moral reason to prohibit doping need not be balanced against any autonomy claim of athletes who would prefer to dope because, upon closer examination, such claims have no force. The moral reason to prohibit doping does, however, need to be balanced against the enforcement costs imposed on all athletes by effective prohibition.     

药物高通量亲合色谱筛选中定性定量模型的建立

通过对AC高通量筛选过程的分析，建立了AC技术筛选药物的定性及定量模型，为高通量药物筛选提供了必要的理论指导。