Should Children Attend Their Parent's Funerals?

The paper discusses elements of the findings of 'Iceberg', a doctoral study at the University of York addressing many issues of child bereavement through a retrospective study of nearly one hundred individuals who had either experienced the death of a parent when they were at school, or were the surviving parent of such a child. The research revealed issues of lack of control and information for children after a parental death. Forty-seven per cent of those in the study attended the funeral of their parent. There was correlation between the age of children and attendance at the funeral. Of the fifty-three per cent of children not attending, twenty-four per cent of them were forbidden to attend, whilst eleven per cent of them were distracted from attending the funeral, such as being sent to school or a neighbours and being unaware that it was taking place. None of the children attending the funeral reported any negative experiences, and two thirds of them reported it as a positive or helpful event. In contrast, over three-quarters of those not attending later wished that they had. Over a third had feelings of regret, others feeling that they had been excluded from the family at the time of the death, and felt anger, hurt, and frustration. The conclusion was that the best strategy is to give children informed choice about whether or not to attend. If children do attend a negative outcome seems unlikely, but it would be prudent to prepare them as to what to expect at the ceremony.     

契丹柴册制度考

学界及辞书普遍释辽代柴册礼是辽代皇帝即位之仪。本文辨析了辽代的柴册礼仪的史实,指出该礼仪并非都是辽帝登基即行之仪,也是契丹王公贵族加封求吉之仪。     

战国秦汉时期的里社与私社

近年来长江流域出土的简牍材料表明,战国秦汉时期南方楚地存在着很多里。里皆有其社,社主又有“地主”、“侯土”等异名。围绕着里社的巫术活动十分盛行。从战国至汉代,里、社合一之制基本得到沿续,然而里、社分离的历史趋势已明显存在。西汉晚期,民间百姓在里社(官社)之外另立私社。东汉初年的《序宁祷券》证明了此种私社的存在,西汉中期邗江汉墓的《神灵名位牍》和秦朝末年的周家台秦简《日书》中关于私社的内容,比文献中唯一一条材料(见《汉书.五行志》)要分别提前36年和177年。     

对外汉语教师海外文化传播策略研究——以利玛窦在中国传教为例

在赴海外完成对外汉语教学的任务中,如何在异文化氛围中处理与当地文化的关系、如何亲和而有效地进行汉语教学与文化传播是海外对外汉语教师亟待解决的问题。文章通过梳理利玛窦在华传教的过程,总结其中的历史经验与教训,以为今日对外汉语教师海外文化传播提供借鉴。     

三礼"兴"义考略

三礼中"兴"字共出现386次,大部分"兴"字都与礼仪有关. "兴"字本义很可能是原始宗教当中一个特定的仪式表演活动, 进而在此基础上演变为一种仪式动作类名而运用于礼仪场合. 周代礼乐文明是"兴"之实践的演绎、呈现场所. 孔子诗之兴的理论采获背景是礼乐文化中的乐语之兴亦即"言之兴".三礼系统中的"仪之兴"前接"兴"之仪式属性,后续孔子诗之兴,是诗"兴"理论发展过程中不可缺少的一个环节,为"兴"塑成为中国古典诗学核心范畴奠定了坚实基础.     

婚姻中的“礼”性阐微

礼对于维系我国古代社会稳定起着不容忽视的作用。礼在婚姻缔结之前,主要表现为"六礼"和"五不取";在婚后体现为"三从"和"四德";当婚姻出现问题时,主要体现为"七出"和"三不去"。反观现代婚姻关系中出现的诸多问题,在一定程度上体现了礼制缺失造成的不良后果。因此,我们有必要重新审视我国古代"礼制下的婚姻",对于现实婚姻问题,具有积极的指导意义和思考价值。     

只言片语的记载与丰富多彩的戏曲——桂林碑刻所见的清代演戏活动

石刻是文献的一种重要存在形式,桂林碑刻内容十分丰富。其中关于桂林各种戏曲演出活动的状况,多是通过碑刻中一些只言片语来勾勒其貌:一是凑份集资"醮戏"演出;二是酬神祭祀表演傩戏;三是墟日贸易村民聚戏。这些记录提供了清代桂林戏曲演出活动的珍贵资料,对广西乃至我国戏曲发展的研究具有普遍价值。     

Bereavement support provision in primary schools: an exploratory study

ABSTRACT

In the UK, approximately 1 in 29 children have experienced the death of a parent or sibling. It is argued that schools are suitably positioned to provide support to bereaved children. However, there is a gap in research exploring bereavement support provision (BSP) in primary schools. This paper presents the qualitative phase of a mixed-methods study which aimed to gain insight into BSP in primary schools in one UK Local Authority. After completing an online questionnaire, 16 school staff took part in semi-structured interviews. The findings of this study highlighted that BSP is characterised by emotional support and other indirect responses. A key finding is that providing emotional support to a bereaved child has a negative impact on the emotional well-being of staff. This study discusses how educational psychologists (EPs) are well placed to provide whole school and targeted bereavement support to children and school staff.     

佛名与忏仪——以张荣迁碑和陈海龙碑为中心

6世纪中国佛教忏仪流行甚广,以张荣迁碑和陈海龙碑为代表的造像碑就是最好的例证。考察发现,二碑所刻佛名分别来自《金光明经》、《法华经》和《大通方广忏悔灭罪庄严成佛经》。此文在铭文考释的基础上探讨了佛名与忏仪的关系。     

The Danish Bereavement Response in 2015—Historic Development and Evaluation of Success

In the 1980s, Norwegian researchers pioneered efforts towards developing school support for bereaved children. Eighteen years later, a Danish approach was created based on these foundations. This article explores the Danish school bereavement response plans (b-plans) and investigates their ability to support both teachers and bereaved children. Today, the system has one of the highest implementation rates in the world and the majority of teachers feel equipped to deal with bereavement in school. Nevertheless, adopting a standardised approach potentially leads to the neglect of individual needs. Moreover, concerns exist over whether existing b-plans are current. This article concludes that b-plans have succeeded in becoming the primary tool used by teachers, a feat that systems in other countries often fail to achieve. However, the system seldom includes the perspectives of the students it was designed to help. This is the challenge that the next generation of b-plans must remedy.