法律行为的原因浅析

法律行为的原因是法律行为所具有的法律效果之外的权利义务状态,是当事人从事财产给付行为所要达到的交易目的,不能以法律行为本身的法律效果来说明法律行为的原因。法律行为的原因与无因行为的“因”是同一概念,都是行为人所要达到的交易目的。标的与内容是同一概念,标的、合意与原因是有区别的。     

略论海事诉讼时效协议延长的法律效力

允许当事人协议延长诉讼时效是海商法特有的一项制度。自本世纪六十年代起,与国际贸易惯例的国际化相适应,这一制度历经了一个成文化的过程,在这一过程中,它同时具有国际条约、国际惯例和国内法等三种法律表现形式,从而产生了确认其法律效力的困难。本文以为,在有法律明文规定的国家,它的法律效率是当然的;在接受国际惯例之拘束力的国家,它同样可以产生法律效力。我国是明确规定可以适用国际惯例的,因而这一制度在我国也可以得到适用。     

解读名词数念的似是而非现象

英语名词单复数念变化,常常是初学者深感困扰、迷惑不解的问题,一定程度上影响其阅读和理解。本文从教学实践出发,较为详尽地总结了电大教材中常见的英语名词单复数念变化的实例,并加以条理化,旨在帮助电大学生系统地学习名词单复数变化的规律性,从而提高其阅读能力和速度。     

数字资源整合检索协议研究

简要地论述了数字资源整合检索的必要性、模式、以及联接方式和联接方法，并详细地介绍了三种数字资源整合检索的协议：Z39．50、OAI、OpenuRL。     

南宋江西禅僧释晓莹考论

释晓莹是我国佛教史上一位具有较大影响的佛教史家。有关释晓莹生卒年和《云卧纪谈》成书时间等未见记载,这些限制了后人对他生平及著作的研究。我们推论为：释晓莹生年大致在宣和四年即1122年;《云卧纪谈》成书时间大致在淳熙十年（1183）二月之后,淳熙十六年（1189）十一月之前。     

Adult mental health outcomes of child sexual abuse survivors born at extremely low birth weight

The high prevalence of child sexual abuse (CSA) is concerning, particularly as survivors are at increased risk for multiple adverse outcomes, including poor mental health across the lifespan. Children born at an extremely low birth weight (ELBW; <1000 g) and who experience CSA may be a group that is especially vulnerable to psychopathology later in life. However, no research has considered the mental health risks associated with being born at ELBW and experiencing CSA. In this study, we investigated the mental health of 179 ELBW survivors and 145 matched normal birth weight (NBW; >2500 g) participants at ages 22–26 and 29–36. At age 22–26, CSA was associated with increased odds of clinically significant internalizing (OR = 7.32, 95% CI: 2.31–23.23) and externalizing (OR = 4.65, 95% CI: 1.11–19.51) problems among ELBW participants exposed to CSA compared to those who did not, though confidence intervals were wide. At age 29–36, CSA was linked to increased odds of any current (OR = 3.43, 95% CI: 1.08–10.87) and lifetime (OR = 7.09, 95% CI: 2.00–25.03) non-substance use psychiatric disorders, however, this did not hold after adjustment for covariates. Statistically significant differences in mental health outcomes were not observed in NBW participants exposed to CSA compared to NBW participants who were not exposed. Survivors of significant perinatal adversity who are also exposed to CSA may be at higher risk for psychopathology through the fourth decade of life.     

论生育权

本否证了生育权视为一种夫妻之间的身份权的观点，并指出其本质归属应为人格权之构成部分。认为生育权的权能构成应该包括生育请求权、生育决权、生育方式选择权，以此为基础提出了完整的生育权体系的观点。最后，章对生育权的侵权损害赔偿责任认定以及法律上的必要限制也作了阐释。     

The Decline of the ‘Elite’ Sport Officials and the Dissolution of the Israeli Sport Association

This historical study will examine the rise of a hegemonic group of sports officials in Israel during the period between 1948 and 1996. The formation of this group is a unique phenomenon of the Israeli sport society. The main argument of the study is that officials of rival sport centres, ‘Hapoel’ and ‘Maccabi’, founded a joint elite group as a side effect of the ‘fifty-fifty’ agreement, signed in 1951. The agreement stated that the Israeli Sport Association, the National Olympic Committee and the Israeli Football Association would be mutually led by officials of both organizations. The members of this elite group, who enjoyed access to economic resources and other benefits, adopted a hedonistic lifestyle, in contrast to the social ethos of Israeli society in the first and second decades of the State. Three events dismantled the group in the middle of the 1990s. The first one was the establishment of the Elite Sport Department in 1984. The second was the establishment of independent Federations by Yadin Machnes. The third was the Maliniak Commission Report. These three events led to the collapse of the Israeli Sport Association in 1996 and to the fall of the Israeli hegemonic group.     

短文改错技巧口诀

短文改错对于多数学生来说,是考试中比较困难的一部分,因为短文改错是从语法、结构、词汇等方面来全面考核学生,若你掌握了下列一则口诀,你会觉得轻松多了.     

贵州少数民族大学生生育价值观现状调查研究

选取657名少数民族大学生为调查对象,采用"生育价值观问卷",考察了少数民族大学生生育价值观的年级特点、性别差异、城乡类型差异及文理科的差异。结果表明:少数民族大学生在生育需要、生育方法、生育愿望和生育职责上有显著性别差异,女生显著高于男生。少数民族城市大学生在生育需要、生育方法、生育愿望和生育职责上显著高于农村大学生。少数民族大学生生育价值观在年级类型上差异显著,大一学生在性别偏好、生育数量、生育时间、生育质量上显著高于其他各年级。少数民族理科大学生在生育数量、生育时间和生育职责上显著高于少数民族文科大学生。