现阶段国内U-15少年足球守门员防守技术运用情况调研

运用临场观察、访谈、文献资料调研以及逻辑分析等研究方法 ,对现阶段国内U 15少年足球守门员防守技术运用情况进行统计与分析研究。研究表明 ,少年足球守门员防射门球的预测判断能力不足 ,导致选位差、反应慢和接球易脱手 ,防守的成功率低 ;出击时机把握不好 ,对抗条件下难以有效发挥位置优势 ,强干扰下争夺球失误多。加强足球意识与心理培养 ,提高反应和接球动作质量要求是加强少年足球守门员水平稳定的重要环节。     

国内优秀少年足球守门员防守技术分析

主要运用临场观察统计法,对2002—2003年冬训中国内优秀少年足球守门员防守技术运用情况进行统计与分析,为进一步提高我国少年足球守门员技术水平提供参考依据。统计研究表明,判断选位意识差与反应能力低是2002—2003年冬训中少年守门员防守技术失误的主要原因,技术粗糙以及缺乏自信等导致少年守门员接、扑球技术不稳固,对抗条件下难以有效发挥位置优势,强干扰情况时出击失误增多。增强自信心、提高战术意识和专项身体素质水平、重视反应训练和提高接球动作质量要求应是提高少年守门员技术水平的重中之重。     

供应链柔性组件及特性

从运营系统、物流过程、供应网络、组织设计和信息系统等5个方面分析供应链柔性组件及其特性,以此促进企业改善顾客满意程度和提升供应链价值．     

学生反应水平与学习乒乓球技术的关系研究

反应是有机体的重要特点之一,是一种复杂的心理过程。是构成体育运动专门能力的重要因素。本文参考国内外心理测量手段,设计了三种易行实用的测量反应方法并通过对65名学生进行反应水平测试,揭示了在各种反应过程中的个体差异。通过相关分析证明各种反应水平差异与个体在学习乒乓球技术过程中掌握技术状况的关系密切。这一结果为我们科学地进行乒乓球运动员选材、运动训练和在教学中区别对待、因材施教提供了依据。     

对西部大开发中体育产业化基本问题的再认识

体育在西部大开发中有着特定的任务和作用。体育产业化是市场经济条件下西部大开发中体育发展的必由之路。市场经济体制下西部大开发的本质是推进经济发展的市场化，而体育产业化可以促进体育增长方式的转变，提高体育的整体效益，进一步优化体育的经济结构和促进体育市场经济体制的建立。体育产业化的实质在于发展体育市场经济，构成新的体育产业体系。体育产业具有其基本特征。     

影响篮球比赛快攻战术成功率主要因素分析

通过对全国高等体育院校、高等师范院校和体育科研单位的 2 9名篮球专家进行问卷调查 ,经统计学处理 ,得出了影响篮球快攻战术成功率的主要因素及其所包含的子因素 ,找出了影响快攻战术成功率的各主要因素的重要程度 ,为篮球运动战术的理论和训练提供依据。     

运动员视觉动作反应准确性的研究

以反应的准确性为指标,比较了5名受试者在静止、慢走、快走、慢跑和快跑5种状态下的视觉动作反应成绩。结果表明,当视觉刺激呈现的频率不变时,受试者在静止状态下练习所得的视觉动作反应的准确性,在快走、慢跑和快跑状态下会有所下降;在活动状态下反复练习,可以提高该活动状态下的视觉动作反应准确性。     

Hierarchical clustering of a Finnish newspaper article collection with graded relevance assessments

Search facilitated with agglomerative hierarchical clustering methods was studied in a collection of Finnish newspaper articles (N = 53,893). To allow quick experiments, clustering was applied to a sample (N = 5,000) that was reduced with principal components analysis. The dendrograms were heuristically cut to find an optimal partition, whose clusters were compared with each of the 30 queries to retrieve the best-matching cluster. The four-level relevance assessment was collapsed into a binary one by (A) considering all the relevant and (B) only the highly relevant documents relevant, respectively. Single linkage (SL) was the worst method. It created many tiny clusters, and, consequently, searches enabled with it had high precision and low recall. The complete linkage (CL), average linkage (AL), and Ward's methods (WM) returned reasonably-sized clusters typically of 18–32 documents. Their recall (A: 27–52%, B: 50–82%) and precision (A: 83–90%, B: 18–21%) was higher than and comparable to those of the SL clusters, respectively. The AL and WM clustering had 1–8% better effectiveness than nearest neighbor searching (NN), and SL and CL were 1–9% less efficient that NN. However, the differences were statistically insignificant. When evaluated with the liberal assessment A, the results suggest that the AL and WM clustering offer better retrieval ability than NN. Assessment B renders the AL and WM clustering better than NN, when recall is considered more important than precision. The results imply that collections in the highly inflectional and agglutinative languages, such as Finnish, may be clustered as the collections in English, provided that documents are appropriately preprocessed.     

硝化法合成邻硝基苯甲醛

通过硝化法合成邻硝基苯甲醛实验的比较，介绍A法的反应原理及实验。     

Components of Variance of Scales With a Bifactor Subscale Structure From Two Calculations of α

Since Cronbach's (1951) elaboration of α from its introduction by Guttman (1945), this coefficient has become ubiquitous in characterizing assessment instruments in education, psychology, and other social sciences. Also ubiquitous are caveats on the calculation and interpretation of this coefficient. This article summarizes a recent contribution (Andrich, 2015) on the use of coefficient α which complements these many caveats. It shows that in the presence of a simple bifactor structure of a scale where unique components of variance are homogeneous in magnitude, three components of variance and the common latent common correlation among the subscales can be calculated from the ratio of two calculations of α, one at the level of the items, the other at the level of the subscales. It was suggested that these two ready calculations and their interpretation, and the reporting of all four indices in the analysis of scales with a subscale structure, would reduce the misinterpretation of this coefficient. An illustrative example of the application of the calculations is also shown.