对简化计算机编目说“否“ ——与蒋鸿标等同志商榷

本文针对简化计算机编目的理论谈了自己的观点,认为简化计算机编目的理论不可能也不必要,同时也谈了在网络环境下加强编目的重要意义和作用。     

基于STAR-CCM+的汽车挡风玻璃除霜性能提升的仿真分析与研究

采用计算流体动力学的方法,利用STAR-CCM+软件对某一车型挡风玻璃除霜性能进行数值模拟分析。通过对出风口格栅进行调整,改变了暖风气流与挡风玻璃之间碰撞角的大小与碰撞点的位置,优化了挡风玻璃表面暖风气流的分布,提升了除霜性能,为汽车除霜风道的设计和改善车辆除霜性能提供了参考。     

Exploring mechanisms of rapid automatized naming to arithmetic skills in Chinese primary schoolers

Rapid automatized naming (RAN) is associated with children's arithmetic performance, which is multifactorial by nature and consists of arithmetic fluency, arithmetic procedure, and word problems. Yet, it is unclear whether RAN can predict all key aspects of arithmetic skills independently and what cognitive mechanisms may explain this relation. Using a sample of Chinese primary school students (N = 170), results showed that while RAN was associated with all key aspects of arithmetic skills, the relations of RAN–arithmetic procedure and RAN–word problems may be dependent on that of RAN–arithmetic fluency. Supporting the processing speed hypothesis, results further suggested that processing speed may underlie the relation between RAN and arithmetic performance. Findings made unique contribution to understanding the effect of RAN on arithmetic performance and cognitive mechanisms that may underpin this association in the context of Chinese culture.     

Effects of fluency training on reading competence in primary school children: The role of prosody

Reading fluency defined as speed, accuracy, and prosody, is a critical component of reading development. The purpose of this research was to compare the efficacy of automaticity versus prosody programmes on reading comprehension. The study included 122 Spanish primary-school children (74 second and 48 fourth graders), randomly assigned to one of three groups: (a) automaticity training, which consisted of repeated reading with a focus on speed and accuracy plus phonological and orthographic awareness activities; (b) prosody training, which consisted of repeated reading with a focus on expressiveness plus prosody sensitivity activities; and a (c) ‘no treatment’ control group. Multiple measures were used to determine pre-post training performance in reading fluency—automaticity and prosody—and comprehension. Prosody training proved superior to automaticity training in promoting automaticity and prosody. Prosody and automaticity training in fourth graders resulted in superior sentence comprehension compared to controls. The importance of prosody for reading development in primary school is discussed.     

基于计算思维的大学生计算机文化基础课程线上教学

计算机文化基础课程是各高校为大一新生开设的一门基础课,在教学中,我们应该从传统的技能培养转变为思维能力的培养。针对教学中存在的问题,从线上教学模式、教学内容等方面提出了改革的措施。     

多载波系统中低复杂度的改进比特和功率分配算法

基于迭代的比特和功率分配机制,提出了一种低复杂度的比特和功率分配算法.与传统的迭代分配算法不同,该算法在每次迭代中只需要比较几个特定的子载波.该方法在保持传统迭代算法性能的前提下极大地减小了迭代分配算法的复杂度.此外,通过选择等功率分配方案作为初始方案加快了算法的收敛速度,进一步降低了算法复杂度.仿真结果表明,提出的改进算法在基本不牺牲系统性能的前提下有效地降低了算法复杂度.     

基于计算思维的任务驱动式教学模式的研究

计算思维是当前国际计算机界广为关注的一个重要概念,也是当前计算机教育需要重点研究的重要课题。文章首先结合任务驱动式教学和教学模式的特点构建了基于计算思维的任务驱动式教学模型(Task-Driven Teaching Model Based on Computational Thinking,简称TDTMCT)。TDTMCT模型将教学者和学习者之间通过任务连接起来,教学过程以任务为主线,教学者主导,学习者主体。整个过程教学者运用计算思维方法准备课程,设计任务,学习者根据教学者的引导,运用计算思维方法完成教学任务。最后运用实例验证了该模型的可行性和高效性。与传统的教学模式相比较,基于计算思维的任务驱动式教学模式在培养学习者自我建构知识以及创新思维能力方面有较大的进步,不仅可以提高学习效率,而且可以培养学习者的计算思维能力。     

试论英语词汇和语法的相互关系

在传统的英语教学中，语法和词汇被认为是相互独立的部分，但一些新的理论提出了词的组合模式（句型结构）显示了词汇和语法两者可以进行有益的结合，所有的词都有它的句型结构，且有相同句型结构的词，有相似的词义。学习者在学习中应注意词汇与语法学习的不可分割性，并在学习中注意语言学习的四个重要方面：理解、准确、流畅及灵活性。     

计算语言学——一门新兴的交叉学科

计算语言学是计算机科学和语言学、心理学、哲学等多种学科相结合的一门新兴的交叉学科,虽然只有短短几十年的发展历程,却有着越来越广阔的应用前景,成为信息时代不可缺少的一门重要学科。本文详细阐述了计算语言学的发展历史、学科性质、学科定位、研究内容及研究方法;对当前研究的难点课题也进行了探讨,并提出了建议。     

DISCUSSION, COLLABORATIVE KNOWLEDGE WORK AND EPISTEMIC FLUENCY

ABSTRACT:   This paper argues for an action-oriented conception of learning in higher education: one which marries higher order learning (coming to understand) with apprenticeship in knowledge work. It introduces epistemic tasks, forms and fluency as constructs that are useful in giving a more precise meaning to ideas about collaboration in knowledge construction. Discussion is seen as central to collaborative knowledge work and we examine the role of discussion in supporting weaker and stronger interpretations of collaborative knowledge construction.