VISION:集成分类法、主题词表和语义元数据的概念网络

本文提出了一种在分类法和主题词表的基础上集成语义元数据、构建概念网络、实现概念检索的方法.和其他的概念检索系统相比,它的最大特色是在检索之前先将信息资源根据其内容和主题组织到概念网络中.这样的概念网络,既是一个资源组织的框架,又是一个知识浏览和概念检索的信息空间.同时,还能支持用户学习.文章介绍了国内外概念检索的研究现状,讨论了集成分类法、主题词表和语义元数据构建概念网络的方法和好处.介绍了一个原型系统VISION,它是在<中国分类主题词表>的基础上,利用北京大学图书馆计算机类的书目数据实现的.文章最后进行深入讨论并介绍下一步的研究工作.     

从隐喻的角度分析语篇的衔接与连贯

衔接是建立语篇连贯的重要手段,存在表层/显性的衔接方式和深层/隐性的衔接方式。文章基于当代隐喻的相关理论,探讨了语法隐喻和概念隐喻作为显性和隐性的衔接手段如何作用于语篇连贯性的生成与建立。     

基于递归概念图的文本检索模型研究

Sowa在1984年提出了一个抽象模型,即概念图,作为基于语言学、心理学和哲学的知识表示语言.但是其概念图的定义比较简单,对于刻画文本中的语言组块的语义及语言单元之间的组合运算比较困难.为了能从形式上为将来的组块内部和组块之间的组合分析提供支持,深化概念图的表示形式,我们提出了一种适用于自然语言自动化分析的概念图的形式化描述,它可以看成是Sowa 概念图的递归扩展.然后我们将这种新颖的知识表示方式应用到文本检索领域的文本标引中,同时给出了以此为基础的概念图匹配算法.在和布尔检索的比较实验中,概念检索体现出比较明显的优势.     

“最佳二传竞技水平”的概念模型开发及测评方法

为了克服“二传竞技水平”测评指标的选用及量化难度大的困难;为了提供一套科学、客观、实用的多指标测评体系,以“三论归一学说”为理论指导,把二传的本质是“变换器”作为测评体系的开端,以开发“最佳二传竞技水平”的概念为基础,以具有权威性和代表性的文献为依据,建立了“最佳二传竞技水平”的概念模型,并结合测评原则推演出模型指标体系。指标体系经理论论证、专家验证、实践检验后证明：满足测量学的“三性”要求,不仅能为参赛二传手的二传竞技水平排序,而且其量化分析报告能为二传训练提供指导性的反馈信息。     

Business Intelligence Capabilities and Firm Performance: A Study in China

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology expands the boundary of business practice, inducing the emergence and application of business intelligence (BI) that has promoted the transformation of information techniques to optimize business decision and operation. However, there is a lack of theoretical consensus and measurement of the technology embedded in BI at present. This study exploratively develops the Sense-Transform-Drive (STD) conceptual model of BI based on dynamic capabilities theory and organizational evolutionary theory to explain the core BI capabilities. By using factoring analysis and structural equation modeling analysis, we extract the latent constructs and empirically verify the validity of the STD model and further examine the correlation and mode of interaction of the three core BI capabilities and the impact of BI application on firm performance in the real economy with a sample contextual to Chinese business practices. The study results show that there are direct and high-intensity cumulative positive effects among the structural components of the STD conceptual model and BI-related dynamic capabilities can enhance operating efficiency and firm performance.     

概念隐喻视域下探究英语笑话的生成

本文从系统功能的概念隐喻视域出发,通过实例分析,从及物性系统中的过程类型转换、环境成分转换、参与者转换来探讨英语笑话的生成,且分析得出,及物过程中各成分的不一致是大量英语笑话产生的主要原因,这不仅为英语笑话的研究提供了一个新的视角,而且也有助于英语习得者更好地掌握与应用英语语言,提高鉴赏英语笑话的能力。     

核心概念与概念体系的建构理论

核心概念与概念体系是理论的基石,也是一种理论观点或一个理论体系是否具有解释力的关键所在。在科学研究中,为了使理论能够更好地解释新的现象,需要对原有各理论流派的核心概念与概念体系进行全面检视,对它们进行修正、抛弃或重新构建。本文把核心概念与概念体系分为理论观点型、理论体系型、学科型三种类型,并以两个案例为基础,从方法论的角度分析了在对学科进行反思与研究时,如何分析、审察并构建新的核心概念与概念体系。     

论概念整合理论对隐喻理解的影响

概念整合是一种极其普遍的认知过程。它在自然语言的意义建构过程中起着至关重要的作用，对隐喻理解产生了重大的认知影响。概念整合一方面能使隐喻常规关系理解的过程实时化，另一方面能使隐喻的意义建构与推理层创结构化。     

Timescales for exploratory tactical behaviour in football small-sided games

The aim of this study was to identify the dynamics of tactical behaviour emerging on different timescales in football small-sided games and to quantify short- and long-term exploratory behaviour according to the number of opponents. Two teams of four professional male footballers played small-sided games against two different teams with a variable number of opponents (3, 5 and 7). Data were collected using a combination of systematic observation and a non-differential global positioning system (15 Hz). The temporal diversity and structural flexibility of the players were determined by calculating the dynamic overlap order parameter q, entropy and trapping strength. Analysis of the exploratory dynamics revealed two different timescales, forming a different metastable landscape of action for each constraint. Fast dynamics lasted on average a few seconds and consisted of changes in tactical patterns. The long timescale corresponded to the shared tasks of offence and defence lasting tens of seconds. The players’ tactical diversity decreased with an increasing number of opponents, especially in defence. Manipulating numerical imbalance is likely to promote changes in the diversity, unpredictability and flexibility of tactical solutions. The fact that the temporally nested structure of constraints shaped the emergence of tactical behaviour provides a new rationale for practice task design. The manipulation of numerical imbalance on the timescale of a few tens of seconds, on which the exploratory behaviour of players saturates, may help coaches to optimise the exploratory efficiency of the small-sided games.     

民营企业融资约束的异质性与收敛性分析:来自沪深A股的经验数据

以2007-2017年我国沪深A股的上市民营企业为研究对象,通过计算SA指数,考察我国民营企业融资约束的异质性和收敛性。研究发现,民营企业普遍面临着较为严重的融资约束,区域异质性体现不明显,行业异质性存在,民营企业的融资约束呈现σ-和β-收敛。