Bringing the Law to the Library: The Importance of Librarian Mediation in Access to Justice Services

Library access to justice programs and services help people who need legal information and who cannot afford an attorney. Librarian mediation is a critical component in the provision of access to justice services. However, the value of library mediation, or assistance with using library resources, is often unrecognized, particularly where members of the public are trying to access electronic legal information sources, online legal forms, and other law technologies. This article will explore the role of librarians in providing access to justice services from the perspective of the work of Richard Susskind, which emphasizes technological approaches to providing legal services. While there is a place for technology in access to justice services, there is also a valuable role that librarians play in contributing to access to justice.     

康德历史哲学中的先验主义因素

康德历史哲学与其先验哲学具有内在的关联性，它既想继续解决康德哲学中自由与必然的冲突，又想打通政治哲学和道德哲学的分立，在这些尝试中，康德哲学流露出新的走向并对后世哲学有着重大影响。然而，康德历史哲学又难以摆脱其哲学固有的矛盾特征，它不可避免地会陷入二律背反的困境。     

Comparing Models of Change to Estimate the Mediated Effect in the Pretest–Posttest Control Group Design

Models to assess mediation in the pretest–posttest control group design are understudied in the behavioral sciences even though it is the design of choice for evaluating experimental manipulations. The article provides analytical comparisons of the four most commonly used models to estimate the mediated effect in this design: analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), difference score, residualized change score, and cross-sectional model. Each of these models is fitted using a latent change score specification and a simulation study assessed bias, Type I error, power, and confidence interval coverage of the four models. All but the ANCOVA model make stringent assumptions about the stability and cross-lagged relations of the mediator and outcome that might not be plausible in real-world applications. When these assumptions do not hold, Type I error and statistical power results suggest that only the ANCOVA model has good performance. The four models are applied to an empirical example.     

法院调解制度的价值

通过质疑诉讼和解论的可行性，分析处于现代化和社会转型背景下的中国社会纠纷解决的现实，阐明法院调解制度在法制化进程中的特殊价值，以对当前法院调解制度改革有所裨益。     

探讨英语快速阅读的问题与技巧

信息时代的信息爆炸,学生时代的应试之需,提高快速阅读能力,势在必行。掌握必要的阅读技巧,克服不良的主客观因素,将是提高快速阅读能力的关键。     

Maternal mediation in book reading, home literacy environment, and children’s emergent literacy: a comparison between two social groups

The researchers addressed two questions: (1) Does maternal reading mediation and family home literacy environment (HLE) relate to children’s emergent literacy (EL) level? and (2) Do the relationships among these variables differ as a function of socioeconomic strata (SES) level. A total of 94 5–6-year-old children, 47 from low SES (LSES) and 47 from high (HSES) families, and their mothers participated. Mother–child interactions while reading an unfamiliar book were videotaped and their verbal expressions were coded for extracting maternal mediation level. Children’s independent EL level was assessed prior to the interaction. Compared with the LSES group, HSES children showed higher EL levels and their homes had a richer literacy environment. Maternal mediation level differed by SES: LSES mothers paraphrased text more often; HSES mothers’ higher mediation level included a discussion of the written system and making connections beyond the text. In the HSES group, maternal mediation level and HLE related to children’s EL; no such relationships appeared in the LSES group. Results are discussed in terms of children’s socio-economic background and their reading experiences. Implications for researchers and educational practices about the relationships between children’s literacy development, SES, HLE, and parental mediation are discussed.     

小说中称谓语的语境顺应研究——以《一个女人的史诗》为例

称谓是人类社会语言文化的一种普遍现象,往往反映特定语言环境中人与人之间的关系。小说中的称谓语顺应社交世界、心理世界和物理世界等不同的语境因素,体现场合的正式程度,时空的转换,说话者的情感和性格等。对小说中称谓语的研究有助于文学作品的鉴赏和创造。     

功能词隐喻意义习得中的语境效应

隐喻是人类日常生活中必不可少的语言现象,也是语言学习(尤其是二语习得)中非常重要的一个方面。虽然已有研究表明上下文(co-text)对实词(lexical word)隐喻意义的习得有一定的作用,但关于语境效应对功能词(functional word)隐喻意义理解作用的研究却不多。该文通过理论研究,实验调查等方法就语境效应如何作用于对功能词隐喻意义的理解这一问题进行了调查。结果发现上下文中附加信息的增减,事件发生顺序的改变等因素对情态动词本体域与认识域之间的投射,并列连词对称及不对称用法,"if"的条件/让步用法等隐喻意义的理解产生影响。最后,该文为二语教师、二语学习者及语言测试机构提供了一些实践性的建议。     

否定词与“了”共现结构的汉韩对比研究

汉语动词按时间特征可分为持续性动词和非持续性动词,在句法平面,否定词与＂了＂共现的格式对汉语动词具有选择性：持续类动词可以无条件进入,非持续动词必须有条件地进入。同时,汉语的＂不……了＂和＂没有……了＂与韩语的＂…■…■＂＂…■…＂对应也较工整。语用平面中,汉语否定形式基本不受语境的干扰,而韩语则有时要通过产生新的否定方式来满足语境变化的需求。