20世纪20-30年代中国留学教育问题的争论

20世纪20年代至30年代,中国教育界有过一场关于留学教育问题的争论。争论由弹劾清华学制对留学美国学生的遴选公平问题引起。争论的焦点是:中国是否应该继续派送留学生及留学教育的国别选择问题。争论的实质是:留学教育是中国教育发展的助力还是阻力?造成留学教育问题的原因是社会的还是个人的?争论目的是:探索中国留学教育的方向与道路。争论的结果是:留学教育的宗旨、方向和政策发生了变化,留学教育因此得以改进。争论提供的历史借鉴是:留学教育与国内教育的关系问题以及留学生归国的教育价值与教育服务问题,这些问题其实也是当代留学教育研究的重大命题,需要我们做出时代的回答。     

回顾社会主义史上的论战 坚定社会主义必胜信念

社会主义作为学说、运动、制度，在它产生的一百五十多年间，三个发展阶段上经历了四次大论战。由于社会主义与资本主义两种制度斗争的长期性，论战还将持续下去。共产党人必须有足够的思想、心理准备，坚定社会主义必胜信念。     

元代文人与元杂剧兴盛相互关系论争综述

作为元代“一代之学”光辉代表的元杂剧何以在金元之交迅速崛起并在很短时间内进入繁盛时期，始终是20世纪学术史上的焦点问题之一，在研究较多地注意元代经济，政治和民族政策等外部原因对元杂剧兴盛所产生的影响之同时，逐渐把讨论的重点转移到元代人与元杂剧兴盛的相互关系上来，并在长期的论争过程中形成一些共识，愈来愈明晰地体认到由沉沦市井间的书会才人组成的作家群体及由这些群体和杂剧艺人结成的巩固同盟，才是元杂剧走向兴盛的决定性条件。     

“'Are we going to now govern by anecdote?’: Rhetorical constructions of welfare recipients in congressional hearings,debates, and legislation, 1992–1996”

Through a rhetorical analysis of the welfare reform hearings and debates from the 102nd, 103rd, and 104th Congresses, all of which led to President Clinton's historical August 22, 1996 signing of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act, P.L. 104–193, this essay contributes to our developing knowledge of deliberative hearings and debates as precursors to legislation. Relying on a narrative approach, this study challenges the liberatory and participatory functions of the narrative paradigm as conceived by Walter Fisher. The central argument developed in this essay is that some narrative forms facilitate elite discourse, discourage the inclusion of alternative public views, and delegitimize particular public voices.     

Presidential debate questions and the public agenda

Presidential debates have become an institutionalized component of presidential campaigns. Debates have been shown to create learning in voters and are capable of influencing vote choices. Although candidates have some control over their utterances, questions, usually asked by journalists, have a strong influence on the topics candidates can address. It is fashionable to criticize the questions posed by journalists in these “joint press conferences.” This study adds a new twist to media agenda‐setting, providing empirical evidence on the question of whether voters’ issue interests influence the topics of journalists’ questions. Results show that the questions asked by journalists in debates do not reflect the public interest. We recommend that future debates eschew the use of journalists as sources of questions for presidential debates.     

When style obscures substance: Visual attention to display appropriateness in the 2012 presidential debates

As with the first televised debates in 1960, the 2012 US presidential debates accentuated the importance of nonverbal behavior in political competition, with President Obama receiving widespread criticism for his disengaged and arguably inappropriate communication style in the first debate. To investigate the perceptual impact of such nonverbal expectancy violations, this study first employs an experimental design to examine the consequence of inappropriate leader displays, operationalized as nonverbal behaviors that are incongruent with the rhetorical setting. Theoretical explanations about the evaluative consequences of inappropriate leader displays are described in light of expectancy violations theory. Results of a repeated measures eye-tracking experiment find support for the prediction that inappropriate facial expressions increase visual attention on the source of violation, prompt critical scrutiny, and elicit negative evaluations. These findings are further explored with qualitative analysis of focus group responses to key moments from the first and third presidential debates. The discussion considers the broader implications of nonverbal communication in politics and how expressive leader displays serve as meaningful cues for citizens when making sense of televised political encounters.     

析《盐铁论》中有关教育价值观方面的论争

《盐铁论》记载西汉昭帝时盐铁会议上朝廷执政官员和儒家学者的论争。其实这不能算是儒家和法家之间的论争,也不能算是改革与保守的论争,而是“在野”或尚未掌权的儒士与“当朝”秉政的官员站在各自地位和立场上的论争。双方在本末义利、选士用人、德教刑法和治学作用及教育价值观有关方面的论争,有助于我们对儒家教育思想做新的阐发。因此,《盐铁论》中所表述的教育思想更具有独到的研究价值。     

隔岸对唱：近二十年关于中国大陆德育讨论本土与国际焦点之对比

近二十年来,德育问题一直是国内教育研究讨论的焦点。与此同时,在英语为主的国际文献中,中国大陆的道德教育也得到了越来越多的关注。通过两种视角的分析和比较,可以聚焦出本土和国际视野中关于大陆道德教育问题争论的焦点：即：（1）德育内容上与政治意识形态的“松绑”;（2）教育方式上由单纯的“说教”、“灌输”到人本主义多元化模式的出现;（3）新主题,公民教育的兴起;（4）研究范式上的跨学科发展趋势和方法多元化。多元分析有助于折射出德育作为一门学科在近二十年内的发展轨迹。     

探索的历程——十年来文艺论争的回顾与反思

纵观十年来我国文艺理论的发展历程,其中出现的不少热点问题,比如大众文化、“文论失语症”、文化批评、文艺的精神价值取向、文学理论学科的合法性、文艺学扩界及日常生活审美化问题,在文艺理论界都形成了一定规模的讨论乃至争论,而我国的文艺理论也正是在这种种不同思想和观念的交锋和碰撞中不断向前发展。     

业绩评价理论:进展与争论

本文着重对九十年代后发展起来的较具影响力的业绩评价理论进行归纳总结,这些理论包括平衡记分卡、高标定位、经济价值增加和利益相关者评价等。文章的后半部分就当前业绩评价理论争论的焦点问题进行探讨,这些问题包括业绩的决定因素、财务指标与非财务指标以及评价哲学等。