Parents of Traditionally Aged Community College Students: Communications and Choice

Five suburban community colleges in a metropolitan area collaborated on a survey to parents of high school graduates of the class of 2002 who attended the colleges in fall 2002. The study was undertaken to learn more about parents roles in their students selection of community colleges, to give insights and information about this important community college constituency, and to assist community colleges to shape more effective ways to foster positive and supportive opinions among parents of potential students. Parents want the community college to provide students with credits and grade point averages enabling transfer, overestimate their students academic skills as measured by course placement tests, engaged in a number of college-choice activities, and indicate that factors associated with lifestyle and money were major reasons for selecting the community college. Associations between parents social capital and perceptions of their students academic abilities were found for a number of dependent variables examined. The study also revealed important differences in how participating institutions record and calculate key measures such as credits earned and grade point averages.     

储备意愿的实证研究

我们将资本流动引入到Frenkel等人的储备意愿模型，利用16个新兴市场国家和15个发达国家1985年到2000年的数据进行实证检验。实证研究结果表明：实际外汇储备的变化很大程度上受储备意愿的影响；新兴市场国家比发达国家更注重进口和资本流动对储备的影响，而发达国家比新兴市场国家更注重进口波动的影响；各国储备意愿的差异影响着各国实际储备的变化，而这种差异在某种程度上来源于各国储蓄文化的差异；同时同类国家的金融危机对各国的储备意愿产生较大的影响。     

The Relationship Between Thinking Style Differences and Career Choices for High-Achieving Students

The intent of this study was to present information about high-achieving students' career decision making associated with thinking styles. We gathered data from two International Baccalaureate (IB) programs and a Governor's School Program with a sample of 209 high-school students. The findings of this study demonstrated that the effect of program on the different thinking styles was statistically significant. The findings showed that external thinking style was a good predictor for choosing social science areas as future careers. However, students with higher external thinking styles chose computer and math areas 73% less often than students with lower external thinking styles. In addition, the findings demonstrated that high-school students attending a program with an academic focus on liberal arts tended to be more people oriented and outgoing and valued sharing ideas with others as opposed to students in a program with an academic focus on science and technology. Finally, students attending a program with an academic focus on liberal arts tended to be more systematic and set priorities more often than students in a program with an academic focus on science and technology.     

Gifted Israeli Students' Perceptions of Teachers' Desired Characteristics: A Case of Cultural Orientation

Gifted students' perceptions of the desired characteristics of teachers of the gifted were assessed from a sample comprised of 404 elementary- and junior high–school Israeli Jewish and Arab students studying in pullout centers. Perceptions were measured using a questionnaire comprising teachers' cognitive, personal, and pedagogical dimensions. Personal characteristics were perceived by both Jewish and Arab students as the most important. Significant effects of culture, gender, and grade level were detected for all three dimensions. We suggest that differences stem from collectivist/individualist cultural orientations and girls' status aspirations. Thus, students' perceptions of teachers' desired characteristics have to be discussed in relation to their cultural background and schooling. A new lens for examining teaching of gifted students is offered, along with practical implications for teacher-certification programs.     

心理学实验方法：科学心理学发展的根本

心理学是一门实验科学,心理学的研究对象——人的心智及其生物基础,使得其研究途径变得异常复杂。心理学研究方法的鲜明特点是大量借鉴了其他学科的思想、方法和技术,同时,心理学家发展出各种精巧的实验设计和实验范式。20世纪末认知神经科学及其方法学的发展是心理学实验研究方法发展的重要里程碑。结构方程模型、多层分析技术等多元统计方法的发展将心理学研究拓展到教育、管理、经济、医药、社会等应用领域。中国心理学坚持实证研究、追踪国际前沿和为社会服务,其重要科学和应用价值已经显现出来,但在科研人员数量、追踪研究、疾病心理学研究、跨学科研究等方面亟待加强。     

Objective outcome evaluation of a leadership course utilising the positive youth development approach in Hong Kong

Abstract

This study adopted a single-group pretest-posttest design to explore the changes in 2,876 undergraduate students in positive youth development, psychological well-being and desired graduate attributes after they took a leadership subject utilising the positive youth development approach at one university in Hong Kong. The subject aims to promote undergraduates’ leadership qualities, particularly their intra- and inter-personal competencies. Participants completed the same objective outcome evaluation forms before and after taking the subject. We found that the participants showed significant positive changes in most positive youth development attributes (i.e. self-determination, cognitive competence, behavioural competence, social competence, emotional competence, self-efficacy, spirituality, and clear and positive identity), life satisfaction and desired graduate attributes (including problem-solving ability, critical thinking, life-long learning and ethical leadership). The findings demonstrate that leadership subjects can promote the positive youth development of Chinese university students and enhance their psychosocial well-being and desired graduate attributes.     

From Core Competencies to Desired Traits

Abstract

Reference librarianship in academic libraries has entered into a new century, and the profession will need competent reference managers more than ever. Gone are the days when a reference librarian was promoted to head the reference department based on an interest in supervising others, longevity and experience. The number of applicants in search pools for head of reference positions continues to decline. As the demand for electronic products and other venues of convenience for information delivery continues to increase, the nature of reference practice will change to meet the needs of the user. Unless one prepares for it, that change will be involuntary. This paper examines some of the qualifications, or desired traits, librarians should have who are interested in head of reference positions.     

江苏沿江地区化工行业同构状况及合意性评判

以江苏沿江21个市区、县(市)为样本,采用地区相对分工指数、地区间分工指数、地方专业化指数和变异系数等方法,从化工行业和产品两个层次探析沿江地区化工产业空间分工趋势和同构程度。并从产业同构引起的结果入手,采用企业问卷调查和社会网络分析等方法,从产业竞争力、集群效应和环境效益等方面评价江苏沿江地区化工产业同构的绩效,为区域产业分工和发展提供一种新的思路。     

博客作为媒介:动态文本的欲望化叙述

作为一种自媒介,大众传播语境中的博客是私人话语与公共话语的信息博弈。与传统媒介不同,博客是一种开放性的动态文本,交互性与超文本性是博客动态特征的体现。网络链接是实现博客超文本性的技术路径。在许多情形下,博客是以二级传播方式进行的,博主充当了所谓的舆论领袖,在叙述策略上表现出一种强烈的欲望化色彩。     

具有任意相对度的系统多尺度直接学习控制

直接学习控制能够充分利用系统的先前控制经验，直接产生期望控制信号，不需要任何重复的学习过程。本文针对一类具有任意相对度的线性时不变系统，给出了多尺度直接学习控制方法，当目标轨迹发生变化时，即对于数值尺度和时间尺度与先前目标轨迹都不同的新轨迹，运用所给的直接学习控制方法，不需要重新学习，只需一步学习就能获得系统的期望控制信号。仿真结果说明了该方法的有效性。