探析古典主义时期和声风格与审美意蕴（上）

古典主义时期,大小调功能和声已成为一种定型的技法体系,其严谨的T-S-D-T功能逻辑成为创作实践中作曲家们共同遵循的准则。古典主义协和观念日臻完善,并促进人们感情表达与理性观念、形式美的统一。罗可可风格、华丽风格、情感风格凸显出前古典时期和声风格与人们的审美情趣。维也纳古典乐派是古典主义音乐的顶峰,其完美的古典主义协和观念、协和与不协和的丰富的平衡关系,鲜明地体现出典雅、均衡、严谨的和声风格与审美意蕴。     

Bridging the gap: the challenges of employing entrepreneurial processes within university settings

In Australia and elsewhere, universities face increasing pressure to improve research output and quality, particularly through partnerships with industry. This raises interesting challenges for academic staff with considerable industry experience who are ‘new’ to academe. Some of these challenges were faced by the authors who have been successful in generating research, consultancy and executive education funds since joining academe and been somewhat surprised at being described as successful researchers and entrepreneurs. Taking a reflexive look to identify and make explicit our practice through the lenses of social capital and the entrepreneurial process, we identified 10 practices. However, we remain troubled by the dissonance between organisational rhetoric and its rewards for entrepreneurial activities. We offer some considerations for universities to help bridge this gap.     

简谈认知失调理论对开展说服教育的几点启示

说服教育是当前学校思想品德教育采用的一种重要方式,其目的是促成学生不正确态度和不良行为的根本转变。认知失调理论作为阐释人的态度变化过程的理论,从态度转变的根本性质和态度转变的可能性方面进行了理论和实证的阐述。这一理论启示我们,适当地肯定学生的思想与行为、在情感上积极关注学生需求、尊重学生的自主性等是促成学生态度转变的有效措施。     

认知失调理论对增强思想政治教育说服力的方法启示

从费斯汀格的认知失调理论出发,结合当下思想政治教育说服力欠缺的现实,探讨增强思想政治教育说服力的新方法。     

重创的精神家园——从认知失调理论看《曼斯菲尔德庄园》

<曼斯菲尔德庄园>是简·奥斯汀的代表作之一.认知的失调造就了主人公范妮这个人物形象,她的蜕变有自己主动的有意识,也有被动的无意识.同时,新的认知的建构和完善彻底改变了范妮,使她成长为一个不折不扣的曼斯菲尔德庄园的主人.维持无效信念所造成的社会趋同是一个社会的产物,而不是某一个人或一些人的错误.这种社会对人的反作用总是影响着一个人的心理发展,左右着一个人的思想和人生观.     

认知失调理论在高职教学中的应用

基于认知失调理论的指导,在高职教学过程中教师对高职学生的心理认知过程和规律进行掌控,适时适地的调整教学模式、教学方法和教学目标,以适应国务院对高职教育教学的转型研究。     

认知失调与运动员自我损耗:自我肯定的补偿作用

探讨认知失调对运动员自我损耗可能存在的影响作用,同时,检验价值肯定与属性肯定对自我损耗的补偿作用及自我概念清晰性的中介效 应。采用自我损耗双任务范式进行试验研究,分别由60 名运动员先完成5 min 认知失调任务,然后分别完成5 min 价值肯定和属性肯定,最后完成 Stroop 任务。结果发现,认知失调较无认知失调在Stroop 任务不一致反应时上表现更差,表明认知失调使运动员产生了自我损耗。自我肯定对自我损 耗补偿作用的研究发现：在认知失调情况下,价值肯定相对于属性肯定和无肯定在Stroop 任务一致和不一致错误数上出现更少的错误数,属性肯定 和无肯定在这2 个任务成绩上差异不显著;在无认知失调情况下,不同自我肯定对自我损耗均无补偿作用。表明,价值肯定对认知失调产生的自我损 耗具有补偿作用。进一步研究发现,自我概念清晰性在价值肯定与自我损耗间起部分中介作用,即价值肯定部分通过提高自我概念清晰性减少自我 损耗。     

A longitudinal study of learning for a group of indigenous Australian university students: Dissonant conceptions and strategies

Conceptions of learning andstrategies used by 15 indigenous students inthree Australian universities were studiedlongitudinally over three years. Their academicachievements were good, but at a high cost interms of time and effort. In spite of the factthat almost half of the students expressedhigher-order (qualitative) conceptions oflearning in the first year and more in thesecond and third years, all of the studentsreported using highly repetitive strategies tolearn. That is, they did not vary their way oflearning, reading or writing in the beginningof their studies and less than half of them didso at the end of the three years. It is arguedthat encountering variation in ways of learningis a prerequisite for the development ofpowerful ways of learning and studying.     

Dissonance between the digitally created words of school and home

This article considers the potential for dissonance that one 12‐year‐old child (Clare) may experience as a text producer using new technologies, when working across a range of contexts. In this ongoing case study, two types of text are explored: a computer‐generated text produced as a homework task for school, and texts produced using an Internet‐based social network site called ‘Bebo’. Key features of Clare's text production in both contexts are identified and compared in an attempt to establish the dissonance that may be experienced as she switches from one context to another. However, by placing the texts alongside each other, it can be seen that although they look markedly different, the acts of composing the texts bear some significant resemblance. The article concludes by suggesting that experiences of dissonance in relation to text production may in fact be lodged more firmly with the recipient of any text, when it fails to meet their social, cultural and linguistic expectations, than with the child composer.     

Questionnaires as interventions: can taking a survey increase teachers’ openness to student feedback surveys?

Administrators often struggle in getting teachers to trust their school’s evaluation practices – a necessity if teachers are to learn from the feedback they receive. We attempted to bolster teachers’ support for receiving evaluative feedback from a particularly controversial source: student-perception surveys. For our intervention, we took one of two approaches to asking 309 teachers how they felt about students evaluating their teaching practice. Control participants responded only to core questions regarding their attitudes towards student-perception surveys. Meanwhile, treatment participants were first asked whether teachers should evaluate administrators in performance reviews and were then asked the core items about student-perception surveys. Congruent with cognitive dissonance theory, this juxtaposition of questions bolstered treatment teachers’ support for using student surveys in teacher evaluations relative to the control group. We discuss the implications of these findings with respect to increasing teacher openness to alternative evaluation approaches, and consider whether surveys show promise as a vehicle for delivering interventions.