收益分配公平目标下的教育结构调整

以社会经济地位指数(SEI)作为衡量收益分配是否公平的一个替代性指标,利用课题组的调查数据将不同类型教育形式对收益分配的影响进行实证分析的结果表明,我国社会成员收益的两极分化情况较为严重。解决这一问题需要调整我国现行的教育结构,即完善就业前培训制度,实行普通高中后职业教育;加强专科层次的职业教育;大力发展本科层次的职业教育,试点更高层次的职业教育。     

论成长电影中的人性假设及其对学校教育变革的启示——以《死亡诗社》、《蒙娜丽莎的微笑》为例

从教育学视角分析电影《死亡诗社》和《蒙娜丽莎的微笑》发现,成长电影往往蕴含着倡导变革和阻碍变革两种力量,两种力量的代表者们所预设的人性生成、教化机制截然不同,对教育变革结果的判断也大相径庭。比较这两种冲突力量可知,倡导变革的力量所持人性假设及其教育变革实践,更有益于当今学校教育改革;其与阻碍变革的力量所产生的冲突表明,人性的自由是争取的自由,真正的教育是唤醒和引领人的自我意识,教化人性的活动难以成败论英雄。     

计量经济学课程教学应注意的三个问题

计量经济学是经济学类专业中最受重视的几门课程之一。笔者在教学活动中发现,尽管很多学生为学好这门课程花了大量的精力,但在部分问题的理解上还是存在偏误。笔者经过归纳总结,认为在教学过程中不应忽视三个知识点的讲解,即线性与拟合优度的含义、经典假设的作用。     

毛泽东“反特权阶层”思想与奥尔森破“分利联盟”理论的借鉴价值

一个社会失去了以群众利益为最高利益的价值观和不能为人民群众提供政治参与的渠道,在政治秩序超稳运行的条件下必定会形成由少数人共谋形成的垄断社会资源的既得利益集团,毛泽东称之为“特权阶层”,奥尔森称之为“分利联盟”。这种既得利益集团只关心如何在社会总财富中瓜分更大的份额,而不再关心如何创造更多的社会财富,其危害性一是使市场经济秩序不能扩展到全社会,阻碍市场经济的健康发展;二是造成政令不畅,政治体制出现肥大症和僵化症,最终危及政权存亡。只有批判继承毛泽东的群众思想和奥尔森的“司法一体化”原则去打破这些既得利益集团,才能有助于社会秩序的长治久安。     

The Reader Response Approach to Teaching of English Literature

During interview with English majors, it was found that a majority of students expressed disappointment with their experience of English literature classes. Students' dislike of learning English literature appears to be the major problem of teaching English literature in China. Reader response approach is a good way to solve this problem. In this paper, I explain the rationale behind the reader response approach, such as its origin, definition, features, assumptions, and strategies. Then I illustrate how reader response approach works as a teaching strategy by presenting several teaching models. At last I evaluate its usefuiness for teachers and present the advantages of reader response approach in Chinese context.     

城市大气污染物浓度分布研究

本文利用北京市大气自动监测系统冬季逐时SO_2、CO、NO_x资料研究城市大气污染物浓度分布的一般规律。发现:①不存在一个统一的分布模型;②对数正态分布适用于大部分SO_2和CO资料;③韦伯分布最适于高浓度的SO_2资料;④指数分布不适于城市大气污染物的浓度分布;⑤NO_x的分布较复杂。     

从语用前提对称看等值翻译

语用前提包括交际双方共有知识的语用前提、语境设想的语用前提和语境合适性的语用前提三方面,通过这三方面的阐述,阐述了如何使翻译在最大程度上达到等值。     

Frankenstein goes to engineering school

The development of an engineering curriculum assumes a body of knowledge that students, as future engineers, will need to know. Students acquire this body of knowledge through lectures, laboratories, projects and assignments and other means. The question then arises, how does one select the content and processes that are appropriate for the engineering education? What might be the consequences of these choices? Mary Shelley's Frankenstein presents a tale showing some of the possible consequences of poor choices in teaching content and process. In Shelley's novel, the ‘monster’ finds himself caught between two worlds, one comprised of humans and the other of animals. In this allegory, the engineer is caught between the two worlds of science and art. The purpose of this allegory is to demonstrate how engineers, by accepting the body of knowledge presented to them without questioning the underlying values and assumptions, may find themselves embracing an oppressive ideology and developing an unhealthy identity. Consequently, engineering programs must provide forums where students are not only allowed but encouraged to critique the hidden values and assumptions contained in the programme content and process.     

教育男生和女生:对性别平等教育的启示

性别平等教育长期被视作教育中的次要问题,教育学界对此也存在不少误解。“零和式”的教育使性别平等问题走向了极端。性别平等教育的目标不仅使女生享有平等的教育的机会,同时也使男生受益。打破教育体制中固有的性别成见才是实现平等教育的根本途径。     

论衔接的艺术

对衔接手段的讨论常见于语篇分析和语用学的研究中。衔接在话语交际中的作用是不可忽视的,特别是在一些自然话语中人们依然可以有意识的使用衔接手段使话语的关联性发生微妙的变化,从而改变交际双方谈话的方向,乃至关系,主动的可以转为被动,被动的可以转为主动。了解衔接的重要作用可以提高人们的话语理解力和交际能力。