The Unintentional Effects on Body Donation Programs of a Competency-Based Curriculum in Postgraduate Medical Education

As medical programs place increasing importance on competency-based training and surgical simulations for residents, anatomy laboratories, and body donation programs find themselves in a position of adapting to changing demands. To better assess the demand for “life-like” cadaveric specimens and evaluate the possible impacts that competency-based medical education could have upon the body donation program of McGill University, Canada, the authors tracked, over the course of the last 10 years, the number of soft-embalmed specimens, along with the number of teaching sessions and the residents enrolled in competency-based programs that are using cadaveric material. The results reveal that the number of soft-embalmed specimens used within residency training increased from 5 in 2009 to 35 in 2019, representing an increase from 6% of bodies to 36.5% of the total number of body donors embalmed in this institution. Correspondingly, the number of annual teaching sessions for residents increased from 19 in 2012 to 116 in 2019. These increases in teaching are correlated with increasing number of residents enrolled in competency-based programs over the last 3 years (Pearson r ranging from 0.9705 to 0.9903, and R² ranging from 0.9418 to 0.9808). Those results suggest that the new skill-centered curricula which require residents to perform specific tasks within realistic settings, exhibit a growing demand for “life-like” cadaveric specimens. Institutions’ body donation programs must, therefore, adapt to those greater need for cadaveric specimens, which presents many challenges, ranging from the logistical to the ethical.     

图书馆借助新媒体传播科学文化的实践研究——以中国科学院文献情报中心“科学人讲坛”为例

[目的/意义] 以"科学人讲坛"在"新媒体+科学文化内容"方面的有序推进为主要案例，论述新媒体技术在图书馆科学文化传播活动中的具体应用，找到专业图书馆科学文化传播工作优势及发展方向。[方法/过程] 梳理"科学人讲坛"讲座内容、推送渠道及观看数据，通过数据分析影响科学文化传播效果的主要因素。[结果/结论] 新媒体及时、灵活、强互动等特性在科学文化传播工作中起到了良好的效果。图书馆的服务意识、丰富馆藏及科学人文精神与新媒体技术优势的结合，使科学文化传播工作中公众的参与兴趣得到了极大提升，拉近了科学与公众间的距离，提高了科学文化传播效果。     

图书情报学领域学科交叉及其国家差异的动态分析

[目的/意义]领域知识的跨学科交叉研究能够打破学科间的壁垒,有助于发现重大科学问题的解决方案。[研究设计/方法]基于图书情报学领域文献题录信息构建轻量级领域知识图谱,从中提取学科信息、国家信息、时间信息及其关联,采用时间与空间相结合的多维度分析方法,对学科交叉的演化进程以及国家差异进行跟踪与分析。[结论/发现]图书情报学领域内学科交叉现象日渐显著,各国家的学科交叉程度与倾向存在差异,一些目前尚不突出的交叉学科方向值得关注。[创新/价值]采用多维度视角分析学科交叉现象,相关结论可以为国家科技战略制定及学科发展规划提供有益参考。     

Analyzing Food Science Research for Publishing Characteristics as a Model for Understanding the Needs of Researchers

Abstract

This paper provides a methodology to study the characteristics of the research output from a university department. The faculty publications and their cited references over a 10-year period were used as the basis for this study to identify their publishing patterns and the types of material they are publishing; a core set of journals and other resources they are publishing in and citing over this period; the characteristics of the journals in which they publish and cite; the degree of openness of their publications and their citation advantage; and the age of resources that are referenced.     

北京市义务教育阶段学生良好体育锻炼习惯的调查研究

通过北京市中小学生良好体育锻炼习惯现状的初步探讨,发现学生掌握的体育锻炼常识不准确,坚持锻炼的意志力不够。72%的学生基本达到每天一小时的锻炼,36%的学生在节假日期间仍能坚持参与体育活动。影响体育锻炼习惯的最主要因素是学生的体育兴趣、体育意志力,在此基础上提出了一些建议。     

新旧《全国普通高等学校体育课程教学指导纲要》的比较分析研究

对新旧《全国普通高等学校体育课程教学指导纲要》进行比较分析研究发现,新旧《纲要》既有相同点,又有不同点,但新《纲要》更具发展创新点。它条款增多,定位更加准确,体现了科学性;容量增大,内容更加全面,反映了系统性;文字充实,叙述更加条理化,突出了指导性。     

对体育科技期刊封页设计的分析及探讨

通过对44种2002年出版发行的体育科技期刊的封面设计形式,封面、封底标识,封二、封三刊载内容调查,从中发现我国体育科技期刊封页设计的整体水平有所提高,但一定程度上存在对封面设计不够重视的情况,美术编辑的艺术创作能力有待提高。     

中、美、日体育学科硕士研究生课程设置的比较研究

用文献法、比较法调查和Internet查询等方法,对中、美、日等国体育学科硕士研究生课程设置进行比较分析,旨在为改进我国研究生课程设置提供参考。结果显示:通过对三国体育学科研究生课程从基础理论、专业、相关学科、学科前沿知识及科研能力培养等方面进行分析,美国、日本注重实践能力的培养,我国注重理论知识的培养。结论:根据我国研究生教育的实际情况,提出改进课程设置的建议。     

从基础教育与高等教育课程发展与人才递进的关系问题--略谈我国基础教育中体育与健康课程改革的程序问题

就我国基础教育课程改革体育与健康课程的构建问题,提出了基础教育课程改革与高等教育课程改革的程序问题,指出了我国高等教育课程改革的滞后现象。     

远程开放教育环境下教师的导学策略及实施

本文围绕远程开放教育环境下教师如何增强导学功能展开探讨，并借用认知建构主义学派的观点，分别针对“为什么学习”、“能否学习”、“学习什么”、“如何学习”等四个问题来提出具体的导学策略。并在此基础上，进一步分析了远程开放教育环境下成功实施导学策略的条件。希望本研究能给教师们以实践启迪。