驱蚊香草不同外植体诱导愈伤组织的研究

先后用驱蚊香草的叶片、叶柄、幼嫩顶芽、休眠芽、带皮茎段、去皮茎段等作外植体,进行愈伤组织的诱导.结果表明:在所有的外植体中,以幼嫩顶芽为最好,去皮茎段、叶片次之,愈伤组织诱导率分别为94%、89%和80%;带皮茎段和叶柄的愈伤组织诱导率较低,为25.7%和14.3%左右,休眠芽未诱导出愈伤组织.     

朱缨花愈伤组织的诱导

研究了不同外植体和不同生长调节剂对朱缨花愈伤组织诱导的影响．结果表明：不同外植体的愈伤组织诱导能力为茎段〉带节茎段〉叶柄〉叶片，茎段和带节茎段是愈伤组织诱导的最佳外植体；诱导朱缨花茎段愈伤组织的最佳生长调节剂组合为MS＋NAA1mg／L和MS＋BA0．5mg／L＋NAA1mg／L;诱导朱缨花带节茎段愈伤组织的最佳生长调节剂组合为MS＋BA2mg／L＋NAA1．5mg／L．     

辣椒砧木“骄珍108”的组培快繁技术研究

以引自韩国的优良辣椒砧木“骄珍108”为外植体,进行不定芽诱导、增值及生根的研究.结果表明：MS＋6-BA3.0mg·L^-1＋IBA0.01 mg·L1＋AgNO33.0 mg·L^-1是“骄珍108”不定芽增值的最佳培养基;1/2MS＋IBA 0.1 mg·L^-1是试管苗生根的最佳培养基.     

大花君子兰离体快繁的初步研究

通过对大花君子兰的离体材料在特定的培基上分化出芽的研究,构建大花君子兰的快速繁殖体系,诱导愈伤组织适宜的外植体为和尚头果实、和尚头花柄和胜利果实,诱导芽分化以胜利果实作为接种外植体较为适宜。将外植体用常规消毒的方法进行消毒,将其接种到目的培养基上,观察培养,进而分化出芽、根和叶。     

黄山贡菊组织培养与快速繁殖技术研究

以黄山贡菊的茎尖、叶片及根为外植体,进行了黄山贡菊芽的诱导、继代增殖培养、瓶外生根壮苗试验.结果表明MS＋6-BA2mg/L＋0.1NAAmg/L是诱导黄山贡菊芽形成的最佳培养基,茎尖诱导率最高达95％;MS＋6-BA2mg/L＋0.01NAAmg/L是黄山贡菊芽继代增殖的最佳培养基,增殖系数达13.2;在生产上,可采用试管苗瓶外生根方法进行黄山贡菊的快速繁殖.     

Improving micropropagation of some grape cultivars via boron,calcium and phosphate

BackgroundAn efficient regeneration protocol is a priority for the successful application of plant biotechnology. Grape nodal explants were used to develop a micropropagation protocol for Thompson Seedless and Taify cvs. Explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with Kinetin or benzylaminopurine (BA) and indolebutyric acid (IBA).ResultsFor both cultivars, axillary buds were grown, only, on a medium enriched with kinetin, moreover, shoot tip necrosis and callus formation were observed on Thompson Seedless cv. cultures grown on a medium with BA. Supplementing the growth medium with 100 mM (boron) B and 2.5 mM (calcium) Ca successfully help overcome these phenomena. The highest regenerated shoot numbers (14 and 6.2 explant⁻¹) for Taify and Thompson Seedless cvs., respectively, were on media supplemented with 13.2 µM BA + 4.9 µM IBA and BA 13.2 µM + 5.8 µM IBA, respectively. Moreover, these media supported the developing shoots to have the heaviest dry weights (1.46 and 0.72 mg explant⁻¹) for Taify and Thompson Seedless cvs., respectively. Thompson Seedless cv. regenerated shoot numbers and their dry weights were significantly increased by increasing the MS medium PO₄⁻ concentration. However, these two parameters were significantly decreased for Taify cv. Developing shoots were elongated and rooted on MS medium enriched with 4.9 µM, IBA 100 mM B and 2.5 mM Ca. Plantlets were acclimatized and successfully transferred to the greenhouse conditions.ConclusionsA novel promising protocol for Thomson Seedless and Taify cvs. micropropagation using single nodes has been developed.How to cite: Al-Aizari AA, Al-Obeed RS, Mohamed MA-H. Improving micropropagation of some grape cultivars via boron, calcium and phosphate. Electron J Biotechnol 2020;49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2020.10.001     

丽格海棠巴科斯品系的组培与快繁研究

以丽格海棠巴科斯品系叶片为材料,进行外植体的诱导培养、不定芽继代增殖培养、无根苗生根培养等组织培养技术研究,探索其适宜的培养基和培养条件．结果表明：在MS＋BA1．0mg／L＋NAA0．2mg／L培养基上丽格海棠叶片诱导不定芽效果最好;在MS＋BA0．1mg／L＋NAA0．0lmg／L培养基上继代增殖效果较好;在1／2MS＋NAA0．2mg／L培养基生根诱导培养效果较好．苗高6cm可出瓶过渡移栽,并保持90％以上的空气湿度,温度为（25±3）℃,成活率最高．     

影响白菜型油菜下胚轴外植体芽高频率再生的因素

本试验以白菜型油菜(B.campestris)“浠水白”下胚轴为外植体,分析讨论了苗龄、预培养、激素浓度、AgNO3等因素对下胚轴的再生条件的影响。实验表明:11d(天)苗龄的外植体出愈率很高;3天的预培养有利于外植体长芽;MS 1mg/L(毫克/升)6-BA 1mg/L(毫克/升)2,4-D 0.1mg/L(毫克/升)NAA时芽的分化率最高;AgNO3可减少外植体芽的褐化,提高下胚轴芽的分化率;调节激素的适当配比、控制温度等措施可以减少外植体芽玻璃化现象。