中译外在当代语境下的使命

着重论述了中译外在当代语境下的使命这一论题。本文的讨论和论证是在全球化和后殖民主义理论的背景下展开的。不仅指出了中译外的重要意义和用途,文章还提出了实施这一任务的具体方法。而且更为重要的是,文章让读者意识到中译外在重建中国文化形象,反抗文化霸权和文化殖民主义,以及发展世界多元文化在当今世界的特殊意义和用处。     

运输规模经济与运输企业集约化经营

通过运用规模经济理论,分析了运输业形成规模经济的外部和内在优势,总结了我国道路运输规模经济的现状,根据目前运输市场所存在的问题,提出集约化经营应解决的问题以及实现途径。     

Role of recognition of prior learning for emerging economies: learning from a four sector pilot project in India

Recognition of prior learning (RPL) has increasingly been recognised as a useful way to certify experience and competencies gained in the workplace informally. Particularly pertinent is RPL in the context of international migration or in economies, where system reforms seek to overcome challenges related to access to formal training and qualifications. India has the goal to skill 300 million of its growing workforce and provide them access at various levels to certification and further learning opportunities. As a part of the overall system reforms, the Government of India, jointly with the ILO, pilot tested RPL in four sectors in collaboration with the industry and built the foundation for wider replication for another 26 growth sectors by undertaking a tracer study and evaluation. This paper can empirically establish that RPL has had a positive effect on income opportunities, occupational safety, social status and openness to further learning. The paper further discusses the challenges encountered during the implementation of the RPL projects before concluding with recommendations, highlighting the aspects required for quality RPL in an emerging economy. It closes by emphasising the importance of conducting tracer studies to determine impact and the need to provide complementary training during the RPL process.     

试析网络经济的产业组织特征

网络经济作为一种新型经济形态,具有不同于工业经济条件下的新的作用效应.网络经济效应引起产业组织特征的变化,这种变化具体表现在交易费用、规模经济、垄断形成机制以及垄断与竞争的关系等方面.     

The emotional labor of doing ‘boy work’: Considering affective economies of boyhood in schooling

Abstract

Internationally, the research on the education of boys has sought to understand how social practices, behaviours and rituals contribute to identity construction. We are interested in approaches to the emotional labor of doing ‘boy work’. As educators grapple with the gendered performances and subjectivities of young men, there is an imperative to engage with the affective dimensions of boyhood. We explore what theories of affect can add to our understandings of masculinities and masculine identity practices in rapidly changing affective economies of gender and, specifically, what this may mean for relationships formed between educators and students. To illustrate how theories of affect can open up new analytical spaces, we present two vignettes from a program in the United States designed to support young men and boys to gain critical awareness of restrictive ‘gender norms’. Drawing primarily upon Ahmed’s work on affective economies, we theorize how attention to affective economies of boyhood can positively influence the work of educators today.     

演化经济学的形成与发展

早期的演化经济学关注经济学与生物学的相似性，不过并没有提出明确的经济演化思想。凡勃伦将达尔文主义引入经济学，从而开始了旧演化经济学的时代，此后，熊彼特、阿尔其安等人提出了经济演化的选择机制、选择单位、有限理性等基本原理，但他们并没有突破新古典主义的束缚。纳尔森、温特在旧演化经济学的基础上，借鉴了生物学、复杂科学的思想，形成了一个较为完善的新演化经济学框架。新演化经济学仍然存在不足，早期的演化思想以及旧演化经济学仍然能够为新演化经济学的理论创新提供有益的借鉴。     

我国高校内部效率研究——基于范围经济的分析

已有的关于我国高校效率的文献多集中研究高校的规模(规模经济),更深层次的关于高校内部运行效率尤其是内部产出组合效率(范围经济)的研究寥寥无几。我国高校的教学和科研资源是否互补、本科生教学和研究生培养资源是否共享等重大问题缺少理论探讨和经验研究。在高等教育资源稀缺的现实背景下,研究高校范围经济对于实现我国高等教育内涵式发展意义重大。使用多产出成本函数,并利用教育部直属高校数据对我国高校的本科生教学、研究生培养和科研活动之间的资源互补状况进行的研究发现:我国高校提供这些产出时未充分共享资源,其中研究生的培养较为孤立,范围不经济程度最高;在考虑我国高校的教学和科研质量后,高校产出间的资源不共享程度更为加大。反思范围不经济的原因,主要在于我国高校的设备、师资、图书的条块分割和内部管理体制的交叉重叠,同时,现行的研究生培养方式导致了研究生培养的相对割裂。因此,有关部门在制定高等教育管理政策时应充分考虑到高校内部资源的共享和互补,还应重视学校的类型和办学地点对高校内部资源配置的影响。     

不同地区高校的内部效率--从范围经济角度考察

范围经济是评价高等教育内部效率的一个重要工具。本文运用鲍莫尔等人(1982)提供的多产出组织分析框架,对教育部直属高校的样本数据的范围经济进行了实证分析。发现不论采用那种处理办法,考虑高校所在地区所得到的范围经济结果同没有考虑时(总体样本)的结果是不同的,说明在从范围经济的角度考察高等学校的内部效率时,高校所在的地区是需要考虑的重要因素之一。     

世界银行治理结构改革与中国的应对策略?

世界银行在全球经济治理中发挥着重要作用,但随着新兴经济体的崛起和近年来金融危机、债务危机频发,世界银行治理结构所存在的制度性缺陷显露无遗,相应改革势在必行。但是,由于世界银行具有公共组织与股份公司的双重属性,使得改革方向出现分歧,改革进程推进缓慢。从根本上说,世界银行改革中发达国家与发展中国家并不存在不可调和的利益冲突,在减贫等问题上双方存在着合作的基础。中国应积极推进世界银行治理结构改革：首先,必须明确“负责任、有作为的大国”定位,表现出推动改革的积极态度;其次,要紧密围绕“发展”主题,注重长远利益;再次,要加强对世界银行人事安排的参与;最后,要积极构建世界银行框架下发展中国家沟通与合作的正式协调机制。     

Knowledge flows and bases in emerging economy innovation systems: Brazilian research 2005–2009

This article considers the role of domestic knowledge capabilities for developing countries and emerging economies, and in particular in the build-up of their national systems of innovation. Using bibliometric methods, we describe the geographic sources of knowledge and the users of Brazilian research in 2005–2009, and analyze the roles of domestic and foreign knowledge bases in it. Our results suggest that increasing reliance on domestic sources of knowledge is a feature of Brazil's improved science and technology capabilities. The ascendancy of Brazil's research informs us about the unfolding re-organization of global research, too, underlining nascent South-South knowledge flows, the prevailing relevance of EU research, and the relative decline of US research for Brazilian knowledge creation.