Associations between trait personality,anxiety, self-efficacy and intentions to exercise by gender in high school physical education

Trait personality has been associated with achievement and many of its related outcomes in settings such as education, health, physical activity and sport. Scant trait personality research has been performed among school-age students in physical education, so this study investigates relations between the six-dimension (HEXACO) model of trait personality and anxiety, self-efficacy and intentions to exercise as a function of gender in 316 high school physical education students. Students completed validated measures of these constructs. Results revealed that trait personality (particularly the social self-esteem aspect of extraversion) predicted lower anxiety and higher self-efficacy and intentions to exercise in both females and males. Openness to experience was predictive of both anxiety and lowered self-efficacy in females. It appears that physical educators should consider the role of the HEXACO personality traits and sub-traits in their students and potentially differentiate instruction to better accommodate students who are more vulnerable. From this study, it appears that students who are less extraverted and females who are more open to experience may be at be more at risk for anxiety and lower self-efficacy in physical education which may compromise their intentions to exercise.     

试析用四轮定位仪进行前轮定位用到的参数

汽车四轮定位在汽车检测与维修行业逐渐凸显出其重要性,四轮定位参数的选择就显得重要了。本文探讨前轮定位用到的参数前束、外倾、主销后倾角、主销内倾角等在四轮定位中的作用、意义以及失效后对汽车整车性能产生的影响。     

大学生的决策风格及其与外倾性、神经质的关系研究

为了探讨大学生的决策风格类型及其与外倾性、神经质人格特质的关系,该研究采用了一般决策风格问卷（GDMs）以及简式大五人格量表中外倾性和神经质分量表对250名被试进行测量。结果发现大多数大学生的决策风格属于回避型或依赖型;大学生在决策风格的理智性上表现出显著的学科差异,在冲动性上表现出城乡差异;神经质与决策的依赖、回避有极其显著的正相关;外倾性与决策的理智有显著正相关;外倾性与冲动的正相关极其显著。     

Self-Controlled Practice Enhances Motor Learning in Introverts and Extroverts

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of self-controlled feedback on the learning of a sequential-timing motor task in introverts and extroverts. Method: Fifty-six university students were selected by the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. They practiced a motor task consisting of pressing computer keyboard keys in a specific spatial and temporal pattern. The experiment consisted of practice, retention, and transfer phases. The participants were distributed into 4 groups, formed by the combination of personality trait (extraversion/introversion) and type of feedback frequency (self-controlled/yoked). Results: The results showed superior learning for the groups that practiced in a self-controlled schedule, in relation to groups who practiced in an externally controlled schedule, F(1, 52) = 4.13, p < .05, η² = .07, regardless of personality trait. Conclusion: We conclude that self-controlled practice enhances motor learning in introverts and extroverts.     

Influence of Personality on SLA—A Qualitative Case Study of ESL Chinese Students

This study aims to examine the influence of personality on second language learning.The whole study was based on the researcher’s regular interviews with two ESL Chinese students and the observation of their performance during their first semester.Additional data was collected via a simplified Myers Briggs Type Indicator(MBTI)and interviews with their teachers and a native speaker of English.Overall English proficiency was assessed using two Institutional TOEFL tests and their current GPA during their ESL studies.A positive relationship was found between extraversion and spoken English while a slight but passive correlation emerged between extraversion and overall English achievement.     

个人差异如何影响知识共享行为——内在动机的多重中介作用

研究证明个人动机对于知识共享意愿和行为起着关键的作用,然而学术界对于性格差异、知识共享以及个人内在动机之间的关系仍然缺乏深入探讨。本研究将采用Bootstrapping多重中介变量检测的办法,来验证内在动机在性格特点以及知识共享之间所起的多重中介作用。研究结果表明,内在动机的两个因素--自我效能和任务愉悦性都可以显著中介严谨性和知识共享行为的关系。同时,结果发现外向的人有着更强的内在动机来分享知识,进而产生知识分享的行为。研究结论对于企业促进员工知识共享行为以及团队组建等有重要的理论与实践指导意义。     

高中生的人格、情绪及其关系的研究

本研究采用问卷调查方法,对高中生的人格、情绪及其关系进行研究。结果发现高中男女生在精神质上存在显著差异(t=-2.857,p=.005),而在神经质、外倾性、说谎量表上的得分均没有差异。高中生的积极情绪显著多于消极情绪,在积极情绪方面男女之间存在显著差异(t=2.89,p=.004),男性的积极情绪显著多于女性(M男=29.75,M女=27.73),而消极情绪男女之间不存在差异(t=.60,p=.55)。人格与情绪密切相关,神经质是和消极情绪相联系的,而外倾性是和积极情绪相联系的。     

Communication apprehension in a first language and self‐perceived competence as predictors of communication apprehension in a second language: A study of speakers of English as a second language

This study addresses the communication apprehension of the non‐native English speaker in the U.S. Previous studies which have examined the implications of communication apprehension (CA) for bilingual, non‐native communicators have generated results which indicate that trait‐like CA is consistent across first and second language‐speaking situations. However, none of these studies have probed the cause of the cross‐linguistic consistency of CA. This research is designed to provide a scientific explanation for the etiology of CA by applying the communibiological paradigm to CA theory and research. By selecting the situational constraints of international students, this study tests a theory based on proposition 4 of the communibiological paradigm (Beatty & McCroskey w/Valencic, 2001, p. 128): “Environment or ‘situation’ has only a negligible effect on interpersonal behavior.” The results of this study replicate the strong relationship previously observed between CA in a first language and CA in a second language. It also found that the genetic markers employed (Eysenck's Big 3 temperament variables) predicted first and second language CA approximately equally. The results indicate that, although both first and second languages are learned, the CA associated with them most likely is not.     

传统庭院空间品质在现代公共建筑庭院内的空间重构

传统庭院空间是能代表中国传统的典型空间方式.从传统庭院空间的内聚性、外向性和二元性三方面为出发点,分别举例探讨了传统的庭院空间在现代公共建筑内应用时的空间转换方式,为以后的同类设计为了一定归纳总结.     

人格因素对大学生上网行为的影响研究

本研究通过分别考察大学生人格因素与网络行为偏好和网络依赖状况之间的关系,探索了人格因素对大学生上网行为的影响。研究使用自编网络使用量表、中文网路成瘾量表、网络成瘾量表（Young）以及艾森克人格问卷对433位在校大学生（男生235人,女生198人）进行施测,结果发现：大学生的上网内容偏好与性别、上网时间、人格因素中的精神质和内外倾向性都有显著相关;大学生的网络依赖程度与平均上网时间有显著中等正相关,与情绪稳定性有显著中等正相关,与精神质有显著微弱正相关;网络依赖与放松休闲行为与追求刺激行为存在显著正相关。