2001—2010年中国妇科腹腔镜文献的计量学分析

对我国2001—2010年妇科腹腔镜文献进行了统计分析,从文献计量的角度揭示了国内妇科腹腔镜技术的应用及研究状况。     

Spatial visualization ability and laparoscopic skills in novice learners: Evaluating stereoscopic versus monoscopic visualizations

Elevated spatial visualization ability (Vz) is thought to influence surgical skill acquisition and performance. Current research suggests that stereo visualization technology and its association with skill performance may confer perceptual advantages. This is of particular interest in laparoscopic skill training, where stereo visualization may confer learning advantages to novices of variant Vz. This study explored laparoscopic skill performance scores in novices with variable spatial ability utilizing stereoscopic and traditional monoscopic visualization paradigms. Utilizing the McGill Inanimate System for Teaching and Evaluating Laparoscopic Skills (MISTELS) scoring protocol it was hypothesized that individuals with high spatial visualization ability (HVz) would achieve higher overall and individual MISTELS task scores as compared to low spatial visualization ability (LVz) counterparts. Further, we also hypothesized that a difference would exist between HVz and LVz individual scores based on the viewing modality employed. No significant difference was observed between HVz and LVz individuals for MISTELS tasks scores, overall or individually under both viewing modalities, despite higher average MISTELS scores for HVz individuals. The lack of difference between scores obtained under the stereo modality suggested that the additional depth that is conferred by the stereoscopic visualization may act to enhance performance for individuals with LVz, potentially equilibrating their performance with their HVz peers. Further experimentation is required to better ascertain the effects of stereo visualization in individuals of high and low Vz, though it appears stereoscopic visualizations could serve as a prosthetic to enhance skill performance. Anat Sci Educ 7: 295–301. © 2013 American Association of Anatomists.     

HAND-ASSISTED LAPAROSCOPIC NEPHROURETERECTOMY:INITIAL CASE REPORT

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Gasless laparoscopy for benign gynecological diseases using an abdominal wall-lifting system

Objectives: The use of gasless laparoscopy with an abdominal wall-lifting device for benign gynecological diseases was compared to conventional laparoscopy with CO_2 pneumoperitoneum. Methods: From February 2007 to July 2007, 76 women with uterine and/or adnexal benign diseases and candidates for laparoscopic surgery were recruited in this study. Thirty-two women underwent gasless laparoscopic surgery and 44 women underwent pneumoperitoneum laparoscopic surgery. Results: Diverse pathologies, including adnexal cyst, uterine myoma and ectopic pregnancy, were treated successfully with gasless laparoscopic surgery. Compared with the patients in the pneumoperitoneum group, the similar hospital stay (P=0.353) and in-traoperative blood loss (P=0.157) were observed. However, the mean operative time in the gasless group was significantly longer than that in the pneumoperitoneum group (P=0.003). No severe intraoperative or postoperative complications were found in either group, except for one case of laparotomic conversion in the pneumoperitoneum group due to dense pelvic adhesions. The total hospital charges were significantly less in the gasless group than in the pneumoperitoneum group (P=0.001). In 38 cases of ovarian cyst resection, the mean operative time in the gasless group remained longer than that in the pneumoperitoneum group (P=0.017). The total hospital charges were also significantly less in the gasless group than in the pneumoperitoneum group (P<0.001). Con-clusion: Our preliminary results demonstrated that the laparoscopic procedure using the gasless technique was a safe, effective method to treat benign gynecological diseases. Moreover, it was easy to master. As a minimally invasive treatment, gasless laparoscopic surgery provides a good choice to patients in the undeveloped regions in China without increasing the patients' and the government's burden significantly.     

腹腔镜十二指肠溃疡穿孔修补12例报告

目的 评价腹腔镜修补十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔的效果。方法 对12例十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔的病人行电视腹腔镜缝合修补，观察其疗效及并发症。结果12例均在腹腔镜下成功修补，术后恢复快，平均住院6天，无手术并发症。结论 电视腹腔镜十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔修补术是安全有效的手术方法。     

电视腹腔镜下卵巢良性畸胎瘤手术17例报导

目的 探讨微创手术技术治疗卵巢良性畸胎瘤的可行性。方法 应用电视腹腔镜技术对17例患卵巢良性畸胎瘤的患进行手术治疗。结果 手术成功率100％，无明显手术并发症发生。结论 电视腹腔镜技术治疗卵巢良性畸胎瘤是微创手术，具有手术时间短、出血少、恢复快等特点，有替代开腹手术之可能。     

A minimally invasive approach to undergraduate anatomy teaching

Anatomy is one of the cornerstones of medical education. Unfortunately, sufficient evidence has accumulated to suggest a worldwide decline in the resources and time allocated to its teaching. Integration of anatomy with clinical medicine has been frequently advocated as the solution to this academic crisis. Consequently, new ways of harnessing clinical relevance to the teaching of anatomy must be sought to make it applicable to contemporary clinical practice. Human cadavers have been used to teach laparoscopic skills to surgical trainees for some time. More recently, centers in the United States have piloted the use of minimally invasive techniques in the teaching of anatomy to undergraduates. We believe that the use of laparoscopy on human cadavers may also be used to complement the teaching of anatomy to United Kingdom and European medical students. This would not only familiarize students with the topography and morphology of human anatomy, but also with the concept of manipulating anatomical structures to achieve a clinical outcome. Other benefits include improved three‐dimensional orientation, increased dexterity, and development team‐working skills amongst students. A UK feasibility study is currently underway. Anat Sci Ed 1:46–47, 2008. © 2007 American Association of Anatomists.     

手助腹腔镜下脾切除术的应用

目的　探讨手助腹腔镜下脾切除术的安全性和有效性.方法　回顾性分析2002年7月至2003年12月完成的13例手助腹腔镜下脾切除资料,其中特发性血小板减少性紫癜4例,肝硬化脾亢8例,遗传性球形红细胞增多症1例.结果　13例全部由手助腹腔镜脾切除术完成,无中转开腹,平均手术时间为(2.28±1.31)h,术中平均出血量(165±116)mL,术后住院时间平均5.5天,无并发症发生.结论　手助腹腔镜下脾切除是安全有效的新方法,较适宜于巨脾及周围粘连的脾脏及需附加行门奇断流手术的脾切除.     

A qualitative assessment of human cadavers embalmed by Thiel's method used in laparoscopic training for renal resection

Human cadaveric tissue is the fundamental substrate for basic anatomic and surgical skills training. A qualitative assessment of the use of human cadavers preserved by Thiel's method for a British Association of Urological Surgeons-approved, advanced laparoscopic renal resection skills training course is described in the present study. Four trainees and four experienced laparoscopic surgeons participated in the course. All participants completed a five-point Likert scale satisfaction questionnaire after their training sessions. The quality of cadaveric tissue and the training session were assessed with particular emphasis placed on the ease of patient positioning, the ease of trocar placement, the preservation of tissue planes, the ease of renal pedicle dissection, and the quality of tissue preservation. All of the participants highly rated the quality of the cadaveric tissue embalmed by Thiel's method (mean scores for quality on the five-point Likert scale were 4.5 and 4.3 by the trainees and experienced laparoscopic surgeons, respectively). All of the steps of laparoscopic renal resection were rated 4.0 or more on the Likert scale by both trainees and faculty members. The initial response rates for using a human cadaver embalmed by Thiel's method as a training tool for laparoscopic nephrectomy showed encouraging results. The performance of a laparoscopic nephrectomy on a human cadaver embalmed by Thiel's method bears close resemblance to real laparoscopic nephrectomy procedures, and thus demonstrates added advantages to the previously reported models.     

Hand-assisted laparoscopic nephroureterectomy: Initial case report

Nephroureterectomy with removal of a bladder cuff was performed successfully on a 47-year-old man for transitional cell carcinoma of the right renal pelvis using hand-assisted laparoscopy. The results showed that hand-assisted laparoscopic nephroureterectomy is an efficacious alternative to open surgery and provides the urologist new to laparoscopy a shorter learning curve compared with standard laparoscopy.