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1.
The purpose of this article is to explore the intersectionality of autism and sociocultural factors as well as discuss the complexities associated with appropriate assessment, diagnosis, and intervention. Based on a review of the literature, the authors present a brief history of the emergence of the term autism and highlight factors that have contributed to current concerns about failures to appropriately recognize autism within diverse populations. Referencing extant research as well as professional practice standards, this article examines aspects of autism and intersectionality, and explores some of the associated challenges related to assessment, diagnosis, and intervention. Further, the authors reflect on the critical importance of carefully considering all aspects of a child's identity when engaging in autism assessment and intervention within the school setting. School-based practitioners are provided with guidance for addressing the needs of diverse populations of students with autism. 相似文献
2.
Sarah W. Harry Kayla E. Bates-Brantley Breya L. Whitefield Brittany A. Dale 《Psychology in the schools》2023,60(2):419-430
Students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have vastly different educational needs. Although some students with ASD may perform well across subjects within the general education classroom, other students with ASD may need more individualized support outside of the classroom. Historically, ASD assessments in schools have primarily focused on the measurement of cornerstone behaviors of ASD such as deficits in social communication and restricted or repetitive behaviors while underestimating the focus of academic skills even though both factors are required in the evaluation process and for an eligibility classification. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of academic assessment practices in the schools by highlighting best practices in ASD evaluation, outlining ASD academic profiles and how to identify academic skill deficits, and reviewing the available literature that comes from different formal- and function-based assessment practices that are commonly used in schools today. The authors also discuss how formal- and function-based assessments both serve a purpose and are recommended to be used in conjunction with one another to best demonstrate a student's academic profile. Practitioners are ultimately encouraged to use a multi-informant, multi-modal approach when it comes to psychoeducational evaluations for individuals with ASD as it is evident that an individualized approach is essential due to the discrepancy of academic profiles related to this disability category as well as understanding that no measure is a perfect representation of any one skill. 相似文献
3.
Donna Couzens Shiralee Poed Mika Kataoka Alicia Brandon Judy Hartley Deb Keen 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》2015,62(1):24-41
More students with disabilities are accessing the tertiary sector with many disabilities not easily observed (or hidden), because there are no physical indicators. These “hidden” disabilities affect a variety of cognitive processes and may be developmental or acquired. To ensure students with hidden disabilities can enrol, engage in and benefit from tertiary education, universities generally provide a range of supports. Typically these supports and any reasonable adjustments are negotiated with students taking into account a number of factors including, where available, any supporting documentation that they might be able to provide. This case study reports efforts within one large Australian university to support higher education students with hidden disabilities on campus. Perceptions on the use of and barriers to support available were collected from seven undergraduate students who self-identified as having hidden disabilities and from eight support staff. Results indicated that students found their informal networks to be their most effective supports, closely followed by clear, caring and flexible lecturers and tutors. There were mixed positive and negative perceptions reported on the universal and disability-specific supports available. Implications and future research directions are discussed. 相似文献
4.
自闭症的病因研究综述 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
从社会心理学和医学生物学角度对自闭症病因的研究进展进行了综述,以加深自闭症病因的认识及推动自闭症的研究。 相似文献
5.
Rivka Hillel Lavian;Yael Kimhi;Tamar Shmuelovich; 《Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs》2024,24(2):324-337
Over the past few decades, there has been a shift from the traditional family structure, with more acceptance of different structures, including those led by single parents. This qualitative photo-narrative study aimed at making the voices of single mothers raising children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) heard. According to the literature, parenting a child with a disability can be very stressful on several different levels. Seven single mothers living in southern Israel and parenting children with ASD told their life stories and took photographs depicting their motherhood experience. The data underwent thematic content analysis. The main themes that emerged were the shattering of the family dream, the mothers and the educational setting, the present in the shadow of the future, single parents' support resources and the mothers' search for meaning. The data demonstrated that the mothers' daily life was rife with challenges. Providing assistance and support during different stages, including diagnosis, educational transitions and daily struggles, as outlined in the Dual Process Model of Coping with Bereavement, was crucial. The mothers also stressed that they drew strength from their love for their child and their existing support systems. 相似文献
6.
本研究以2—8岁的57名孤独症儿童为研究对象,采用问卷调查法、观察法、自然实验法对孤独症儿童的表情(愉快、愤怒、悲伤、恐惧、惊讶)发展状况及特点进行研究,并对引起各种表情变化的外在诱因进行分析。研究发现孤独症儿童的表情发展异常,很多孤独症儿童表情的种类没有普通儿童丰富。有些孤独症儿童存在特殊的表情及情绪行为,认知水平不同的儿童,引起其表情变化的诱因存在差异。 相似文献
7.
8.
本研究的目的在于考察8-14岁自闭症儿童的生物运动知觉表现及偏转角度的影响。研究采用了生物运动任务范式:首先给被试观看不同偏转角度(正面、左侧45°和右侧45°)的光点动画,然后要求被试判断动画中的光点小人在做什么运动。研究结果显示,自闭症儿童与正常发展儿童在生物运动知觉表现方面存在显著性差异,自闭症儿童的生物运动知觉表现较差;在不同偏转角度任务中,正常发展儿童完成生物运动知觉的表现不存在显著性差异,但自闭症儿童存在偏转角度的优势效应,尤其在左侧45°条件下表现最好。因此,本文的结论是,8-14岁自闭症儿童的生物运动知觉能力总体水平偏低,他们的生物运动知觉表现受到偏转角度影响。 相似文献
9.
Elaine Keane Fiona Jane Aldridge Trevor Clark 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2013,17(10):1001-1017
Students with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are increasingly being educated within mainstream schools. While there is often an assumption that students with ASD who are academically capable will succeed in an inclusive educational placement, previous research has indicated that this is not always the case. Indeed, it seems that students with ASDs are often not equipped to cope with the social and communication demands of a mainstream classroom. Autism Spectrum Australia's (Aspect) satellite class programme aims to address this gap by blending specialised intervention with strategies to prepare students and receiving schools for transition to more inclusive educational placements. A long-term follow-up study comprising a parent survey of satellite class graduates and four detailed case studies was undertaken to determine whether these classes led to successful placement of students with ASD in more inclusive educational settings. Results indicated that a majority of graduates remained placed in more inclusive educational settings. Overall, parents were satisfied with the programme. Attendance at a satellite class was just one of a number of factors associated with positive outcomes in late adolescence. These findings are discussed in terms of their implications for teachers and school staff planning for and supporting students with ASDs in their transition to inclusive educational settings. 相似文献
10.
Pre-service teachers’ perceptions of simSchool as preparation for inclusive education: a pilot study
The shift towards the inclusion of students with disabilities in regular schools has meant that general classroom teachers need to be skilled in educating students with a diverse range of needs and abilities. Together with theoretical study and as a supplement to practical experience, teacher educators have begun to explore virtual and simulated classrooms to help prepare pre-service teachers for the complexity of the teaching profession. In this pilot study, we examined the perspective of pre-service teachers on a classroom simulation program called “simSchool.” Two-hour-long tutorial sessions focusing on catering for student diversity and the educational needs of students with autism spectrum disorder were conducted. The pre-service teachers’ responses to an 11-item questionnaire are discussed, highlighting the potential of simSchool as well as some current limitations of this approach in the context of Australian teacher education courses. 相似文献