Child maltreatment among boy and girl probationers: Does type of maltreatment make a difference in offending behavior and psychosocial problems?

This study examined differences in offending behavior and psychosocial problems between juvenile offenders who have been sexually abused (n = 231), physically abused (n = 1,568), neglected (n = 1,555), exposed to multiple forms of maltreatment (n = 1,767), and non-victims (n = 8,492). In addition, the moderating effect of gender in the association between type of maltreatment and offending behavior/psychosocial problems was examined. Results showed that violent offenses were more common in victims of physical abuse and victims of multiple forms of abuse than in non-victims, both in boys and girls. In boys, sexual offenses were far more common in victims of sexual abuse than in victims of other or multiple forms of maltreatment or in non-victims. In girls, no group differences were found in sexual offending behavior. For both boys and girls, externalizing problems were relatively common in victims of physical abuse and neglect whereas internalizing problems were relatively common in victims of sexual abuse. In victims of multiple forms of maltreatment, both internalizing and externalizing problems were relatively common. Implications for clinical practice are discussed.     

云南省241名未成年罪犯人格特征的调查

采用EPQ人格量表,探讨了毒品犯、暴力犯、抢劫犯、强奸犯四种不同犯罪类型的241名在押未成年罪犯的人格特征。结果发现：与全国常模组及对照组比较,未成年犯具有高P（精神质）、高E（内向-外向）、高N（神经质）和低L（掩饰性）的特征。     

论秦汉时期的保辜制度

保辜制度是我国古代的一项旨在保护人身伤害事件中的受害人的利益、追究加害人责任的刑事法律制度。它的起源很早,秦汉时期的正史记载很少,但出土的简牍中却有一些记载,使我们对秦汉保辜制度有了一定的了解。     

浅论未成年罪犯交叉感染的原因及对策

随成年人犯罪呈逐年上升趋势,未成年罪犯的交叉感染问题也成为严重的社会问题,针对未成年罪犯交叉感染产生的原因,提出相应的对策,是稳定监管秩序、维护社会稳定和保障社会持续发展的现实需要。     

对收容遣送制度的反思

收容遣送制度在最初的设计上，是一种救济制度，后来偏离了收容遣送福利性、救济性的本来目的。改革开放以后，由于大量的农民开始进城务工，流动人口剧增，为解决城市市容和治安问题，中央和地方政府出台了有关收容遣送的行政法规和行政规章，就内容上来说，其中有关限制人身自由的内容，与我国现行宪法以及有关法律相抵触，影响了国家法律的统一性和严肃性。在实践中，收容遣送的自由裁量权很大，严肃性大大下降，很多方面缺乏公正性。演变成了一项限制公民基本宪法权利的制度。     

对罪犯社会教育改造的思考

罪犯社会教育改造目的在于使其更好地实现再社会化,本文根据刑法和中华人民共和国监狱法中对罪犯社会教育改造的相关规定,结合心理学相关知识对其进行分析和讨论,以引起人们对监狱法中所提社会教育改造的关注,从而能更好地帮助服刑人员提高正向自我效能感。     

完善我国未成年犯社区矫正制度

近年来,未成年人犯罪呈现出一种高发态势,再犯罪率居高不下,因此,针对未成年人具有年龄较小、心智尚不成熟等特点,对其实行以非监禁为特点的社区矫正制度是非常必要的。对未成年犯实行社区矫正可以有效避免监禁场所的负面影响,有利于未成年犯的再社会化。但社区矫正目前还处在试点阶段,在法律依据、执行主体和群众基础等方面还存在一些问题,因此需要多管齐下,加快社区矫正的立法步伐,明确矫正主体,打造专业的矫正队伍,强化群众基础,细化矫正措施,最终建立起一套完善的未成年犯社区矫正体系。     

危险犯犯罪中止之再探讨

我国犯罪中止处罚原则的立法缺陷,影响了司法实践中对危险犯犯罪中止的合理认定。判断危险犯的既、未遂应以“行为人追求的、行为性质所决定的犯罪结果的出现”为标准。危险犯和其对应的实害犯未必是基本犯和结果加重犯的关系,对于实行终了、发生了危险状态的危险犯能否成立犯罪中止,应当根据行为人在实施犯罪过程中所具有的意志因素来确定。     

Pathways to delinquent and sex offending behavior: The role of childhood adversity and environmental context in a treatment sample of male adolescents

BackgroundExposure to greater Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) has been associated with increased likelihood of general and sex offending behaviors. However, few studies consider both the impact of varied ACE exposures and other early experiences on pathways to offending behaviors in adolescents who have engaged in sexually abusive behaviors.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to examine the impact of ACEs and sexual boundary problems within the home on the development of delinquent and sexually abusive behavior.Participants & settingData were collected from archival records of male adolescents (N = 285) who had received treatment for sexually abusive behavior at a youth facility.MethodsThis study investigated the effects of individual adverse experiences on delinquent nonsexual and sexually abusive behaviors through structural equation modeling.ResultsStructural equation modeling revealed a three-factor model for ACEs. Direction and significance of paths between ACEs and the onset, persistence, and nature of maladaptive behaviors differed. Household dysfunction was related to an earlier onset (β = 1.19, p = 0.013) and more persistent nonsexual delinquent offending (β = 1.05, p = 0.048) and contact sexual offending (β = 1.19, p = 0.010). Conversely, sexual abuse and exposure to sexual boundary problems were associated with an earlier onset of sexually abusive behavior (β = −1.08, p = 0.038) as well as indicators of adolescent-onset (β = −1.30, p = 0.002), less persistent (β = −1.53, p = 0.001), and nonviolent (β = −1.89, p = 0.001) delinquency.ConclusionsFindings suggest variations in ACE exposures differentially influence the onset, severity, and persistence of delinquent and sexually abusive behaviors among these youths.     

Three Strikes and You're Out

Abstract

This research pathfinder is a comprehensive guide of the recent trend in criminal law for enhanced sentences for repeat offenders-pop-ularly called “three strike laws.” Particular attention is given to California law because it is the most often cited example of this type of law.