聚苯胺的电化学合成及性能测试

在硫酸介质中以苯胺为单体,用恒电压电化学方法合成了聚苯胺（PANI）,并对其进行了形貌、红外光谱、紫外-可见光谱、电导率和气敏性能的测定.结果表明：合成的样品为一维纳米线结构,表现出了聚苯胺的光谱特性,电导率为0.53 S/cm,对室内甲醛、苯、甲苯和氨气等表现出了较好的气敏性能,合成方法对电化学方法合成聚苯胺的工业化具有借鉴作用.     

不同质子酸掺杂聚苯胺的吸波性能研究

采用3厘米波导式测量线在8—14GHz频率范围内，用多点拟合的实验和计算方法对掺杂聚苯胺的微波吸收特性及参量进行了研究．发现：浓H2SO4掺杂本征态聚苯胺(PAn)所合成材料的电损耗很小、磁损耗较大(相对于盐酸聚苯胺而言)，且不利于对微波的吸收：FeCl3掺杂浓H2SO4-PAn材料可合成磁损耗较高、基本上有利于吸收微波的材料；更令人注意的是，利用HCl-PAn具有较大的电损耗，浓H2SO4-PAn—FeCl3材料具有较大的磁损耗这一特点，我们将它们按一定的比例混合，可以合成出平均衰减为13．37dB，最大衰减为26．7dB，密度为0．7g／cm^3、频宽为10．34—14GHz的很有利于吸收微波的材料．     

对苯二酚在聚苯胺纳米纤维修饰电极上的电化学行为研究

采用界面法合成聚苯胺纳米纤维,并利用SEM、TEM、FTIR、XRD表征聚苯胺的表面形貌和结构。将合成出的聚苯胺纳米纤维滴涂在玻碳电极表面制备聚苯胺修饰电极,采用循环伏安法研究对苯二酚在聚苯胺修饰电极上的电化学行为。结果表明,与裸电极相比,对苯二酚在修饰电极上的氧化还原峰电流均增大,峰电位差ΔEp减小了115mV,对苯二酚电化学可逆性得到明显改善,说明修饰电极对对苯二酚的氧化过程有明显的电催化效果。且当对苯二酚在1.0×10-7-1.0×10-3mol/L浓度范围内,其氧化峰电流与浓度之间呈良好线性关系,其相关系数是0.9988,检出限为6×10-8mol/L。     

Photo-Corrosion of CdSe Film Electrode by Electrochemical Modulation Reflectance Spectrum

The photo-corrosion of electrodeposited polycrystalline CdSe electrode was inhibited effectively by coating a thin layer of the conductive polyaniline (PAN) film. The relation between the performance and internal band structure of such film-covered PAN/CdSe electrode was studied by the electrochemical modulation reflectance spectrum (EMRS). EMRS of beth CdSe and PAN/CdSe electrodes in K4Fe(CN)6/K3Fe(CN)6 solution exhibited typical France-Keidysh oscillations, by which the values of the energy gap and flat band potential were determined. The EMRS results indicated that the energy band structure of CdSe electrode was not changed after coated with PAN film, so that the photoelectrochemical characteristic of PAN/CdSe electrode was rather similar to that of CdSe electrode.     

Charge transport in conducting polyaniline co-doped with sulfosalicylic acid and dodecylbenzoyl sulfonic acid

We prepared conducting polyaniline （PAn） co-doped with sulfosalicylic acid （SSA） and dodecylbenzoyl sultonic acid （DBSA） in micro-emulsive polymerization, and studied its charge transport behaviors based on the measurement of its electrical conductivity in the temperature range between 203 K and 298 K. The conductivity was found to increase with temperature, similar to the case in semiconductors. Analyzing the experimental data with three models, namely the charge-energy-limitedtunneling model, Kivelson model and the three-dimensional variable range hopping （3D-VRH） model demonstrated that these models all describe well the charge transport behaviors of PAn co-doped with SSA and DBSA within the mentioned temperature range. From calculation with the 3D-VRH model, the hopping distance of the conducting PAn is obviously larger than its localization length. The PAn doped with SSA and DBSA enjoys desirable crystallinity due to the co-doping of two functional sulfonic acids. The macroscopic conductivity may correspond to three-dimensional transport in the network of the bundles, and the metallic islands may be attributed to quasi-one-dimensional bundles.     

用于金属腐蚀防护聚苯胺薄膜的研究

聚苯胺作为一种新型的金属腐蚀防护材料,成为当前的一个研究热点.分别用原位聚合法和恒电位法在不锈钢表面合成导电聚苯胺,采用阳极极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱测试等方法研究它对不锈钢在3.5%NaCl溶液中的抗腐蚀能力,并用红外光谱和X射线衍射分析其结构.结果表明,覆有聚苯胺的不锈钢在3.5%NaCl溶液中的自腐蚀电位和极化电阻都明显增大,说明聚苯胺膜的存在明显减慢了不锈钢在氯化钠溶液中的腐蚀速度.     

金微粒和聚苯胺修饰电极对亚硝酸根电催化氧化研究

通过在玻碳电极(GCE)表面电化学沉积金(Au)微粒和聚苯胺(PAni)制备了Au微粒和聚苯胺修饰的玻碳电极(Au/PAni/GCE),并通过循环伏安法研究了亚硝酸根在该修饰电极上的电化学行为,以及探讨了修饰电极对亚硝酸根电催化氧化性能的影响因素。结果表明:Au/PAni/GCE对亚硝酸根具有良好的电催化氧化作用,该性能受聚苯胺和Au微粒的负载量以及底液pH值的影响。     

纳米TiO2/聚苯胺复合膜的制备及其光催化降解苯酚

采用1mol.L~(-1)硫酸作为介质,扫描速度为100mV.S~(-1),扫描电位为-0.2～0.8V,用循环伏安法在纳米二氧化钛(Nano-TiO_2)膜电极上实现了苯胺(Aniline)的电化学聚合,借助透射电镜、X射线衍射仪、红外光谱对制得的Nano—TiO_2/聚苯胺(Nano—TiO_2/PANI)复合膜进行了表征,并利用其对苯酚降解进行光化学催化,结果表明:Nano-TiO_2/PANI复合膜对苯酚的降解有较好的催化活性。     

硅钨酸掺杂聚苯胺催化剂催化合成苹果酯

自制了硅钨酸(H4SiW12O40)掺杂聚苯胺(PAn)催化剂H4SiW12O40／PAn．以乙酰乙酸乙酯和乙二醇为原料合成苹果酯．较系统地研究了原料摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应时间诸因素对产品收率的影响．实验表明：最佳反应条件为n(乙酰乙酸乙酯)：n(乙二醇)=1：1．5。催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的0．5％。环己烷为带水剂，反应时间1．0h．上述条件下．苹果酯的收率为71．5％．     

Fe(bpy)_3~(2 )在Pan/Ben修饰电极上的循环伏安行为研究

研究了Pan/Ben(聚苯胺 /膨润土 )修饰电极对Fe(bpy) 2 3 (铁联吡啶 )电活性的影响 ,发现修饰电极中Pan含量越大 ,Fe(bpy) 2 3 的电响应相应地增大 .扭厚度与其峰电流值无关