纸粉—聚乙稀复合材料的制备与性能

以马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯为偶联剂,利用双螺杆挤出机一次反应制备了纸粉—聚乙烯复合材料,并用偏光显微镜、毛细管流变仪和其它手段研究了HDPE基-纸粉复合材料的表面形貌、流变性能及其尺寸稳定性和防潮能力。结果表明,添加20%的纸粉,并用相对于纸粉含量30%的偶联剂处理填料,可制得加工性能较好的复合材料,复合材料较原木具有较好的防胀效率和抗吸水效率。     

A multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of polyethylene glycol recombinant human interleukin-6 (PEG-rhIL-6) in rats

Radiation therapy has been widely applied in cancer treatment. However, it often causes thrombocytopenia (deficiency of white blood cells) as an adverse effect. Recombinant human interleukin-6 (rhIL-6) has been found to be a very effective way against this thrombocytopenia, but IL-6 has low stability in blood, which reduces its efficacy. To increases the stability and half-life of rhIL-6, it was modified by polyethylene glycol (PEG). The pharmacokinetics and the tissue distribution of PEG-rhIL-6 labeled with ¹²⁵I were examined after subcutaneous injection in rats. The pharmacokinetic pattern of PEG-rhIL-6 was defined with linear-kinetics, and we fitted a one-compartment model with half-lives of 10.44–11.37 h (absorption, t _{1/2K a}) and 19.77–21.53 h (elimination, t _1/2Ke), and peak concentrations at 20.51–21.96 h (t _peak) in rats. Half-lives and t _peak of PEG-rhIL-6 were longer than those of rhIL-6 previously reported. In the present study, for deposition of PEG-rhIL-6 in rats, the tissue distribution examination showed that blood was the major organ involved, rather than liver. However, as to the elimination of PEG-rhIL-6, the major organ was the kidney. The excretion fraction of the injection dose recovered from urine was 23.32% at 192 h after subcutaneous administration. Less than 6% of PEG-rhIL-6 was eliminated via the feces at 192 h. These results indicate that PEG-rhIL-6 is a good candidate drug formulation for patients with cancer.     

聚乙二醇负载氮杂环卡宾钯化合物催化水相中的Suzuki偶联反应

含溴原子的环钯化合物[PdCl{[(η5-C5H5)]Fe[(η5-C5H3)-NC5H3-Br]}(C3N2H2)(C6H3-2C3H7)2](化合物1)与聚乙二醇(PEG)-10000反应,合成出聚乙二醇负载氮杂环卡宾环钯化合物1-PEG(10000).用红外光谱和核磁共振对其结构进行表征.以水为溶剂,K3PO4为碱,1-PEG(10000)能高效催化各种氯代芳烃的Suzuki偶联反应,该催化体系循环使用3次,还能保持较高的催化活性.     

探索科技成果转化新模式——以中国科学院典型煤炭技术产业化为例

煤炭的清洁高效利用对保障我国能源安全和保护生态环境具有重要意义。中国科学院的煤制油、煤制烯烃和煤制乙二醇3项煤炭清洁高效利用技术均达到了世界先进水平。这3项技术在科技成果转化过程中分别采取了"一条龙"模式、"联合开发体"模式和"金三角"模式整合社会资源,跨越了技术成果从实验室到产业化的鸿沟,成为我国能源技术领域的创新典范。文章回顾了3项技术的产业化发展历程和技术转移转化过程中遇到的各种情况,分析了存在的问题和挑战,并对今后技术转移转化的模式提出了建议。     

大气压等离子体刷对PET表面改性的实验研究

为了提高聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)的亲水性,采用大气压等离子体刷对其进行表面改性。利用接触角测量仪、拉曼光谱和扫描电子显微镜对PET改性前后的性能进行了分析和表征。经过等离子体刷在PET表面单次扫描之后,PET表面的水接触角随着扫描速度的增加而增加。此外,水接触角随着耗散功率的增加而减小。通过拉曼光谱发现经等离子体处理之后的PET表面会产生含氧极性基团,如C-O、C=O、C-O-C和OH。通过扫描电子显微镜观察到,含氧极性基团包含在低分子量氧化材料中。     

活性白土负载磷钨酸催化合成乙二醇单乙醚醋酸酯

以醋酸和乙二醇单乙醚为原料，活性白土负载磷钨酸作为催化剂，合成了乙二醇单乙醚醋酸酯。考察了不同反应条件对产率的影响。最佳反应条件为：磷钨酸固载量35％、催化剂焙烧温度180℃、催化剂用量为醇醚质量的5％、酸醇摩尔比为1．2：1、带水剂甲苯用量为反应物质量的15％和反应时间为1．5h，产率可达到99％。     

聚乙二醇活化酯修饰重组人白细胞介素-2

目的研究单甲氧聚乙二醇三聚氯氰(Methoxypolyethylene Glycol activated with cyanuric chloride,CC-mPEG)和单甲氧聚乙二醇硝基苯基碳酸盐(Methoxypolyethylene Glycol p-nitrophenyl carbonate,NC-mPEG)两种PEG活化酯修饰重组人白细胞介素-2(rhIL-2)的修饰条件和修饰后的性质。方法在不同反应条件下用CTLL-2细胞/MTT法测定rhIL-2修饰后的生物学活性。结果随着PEG活化酯的摩尔比提高,修饰率增加,用CC-mPEG修饰rhIL-2后生物学活性损失很大,PEG400的加入可以降低CC-mPEG的投料摩尔比;NC-mPEG修饰的rhIL-2后生物学活性基本保留。     

STUDY ON ETHERIFICATION OF TERMINAL HYDROXY GROUP OF POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOALKYL ETHERS

ＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＥＴＨＥＲＩＦＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＥＲＭＩＮＡＬＨＹＤＲＯＸＹＧＲＯＵＰＯＦＰＯＬＹＥＴＨＹＬＥＮＥＧＬＹＣＯＬＭＯＮＯＡＬＫＹＬＥＴＨＥＲＳＬｉｕＸｉａｏ（柳晓）（ＮａｎｊｉｎｇＲａｉｌｗａｙＭｅｄｉｃａｌＣｏｌｌｅｇｅ）ＺｏｕＺｏｎ...     

环境友好催化剂催化合成乙二醇二乙酸酯

评述了环境友好催化剂催化合成乙二醇二乙酸酯的研究现状及发展前景,指出多数环境友好催化剂易与产物分离,减轻了对设备的腐蚀与环境污染,催化剂能够不同程度地重复使用,但有些催化剂制备工艺步骤多,成本偏高,寿命较短,还须进一步加强研究。     

Synthesis and properties of hyper-dispersants

The synthesis and properties of three kinds of hyper-dispersants are studied in this paper, which are non-terminated, carboxyl-terminated and polyethylene imine grafted poly(hydroxyl carboxylic acid) ester. The hyper-dispersants are synthesized by the materials of 12-hydroxy-stearic acid, stearic acid and polyethylene imine, which are used to improve the dispersion properties of nano titanium dioxide (nano-TiO₂) in low-concentration resin solution system. The influences of hyper-dispersants on the viscosity and stability of the system are studied. It is found that polyethylene imine grafted hyper-dispersant has the best dispersion performance in nano-TiO₂ dispersion system, and the optimal content of the hyper-dispersant is 4%. Project supported by the Shanghai Leading Academic Disciplines (Grant No.T0105), and the Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile (Donghua University), Ministry of Education of China