强者的较量——对《哈姆雷特》的另类解读

哈姆雷特是强者,是智慧与行动的典范。笔者从一个很物质、很现实,却很新的视角重新定义了哈姆雷特的形象,还原了一个活在现实中的坚强王子,他不再是被公认的那位忧郁、延宕的思想者了。     

Critical realist review: exploring the real,beyond the empirical

This article defines the ‘critical realist review’, a literature-based methodological approach to critical analysis of health care studies (or any discipline charged with social interventions) that is robust, insightful and essential for the complexities of twenty-first century evidence-based health and social care. We argue that this approach, underpinned by a critical realist philosophy and methodology, will facilitate students and researchers to employ relevant theoretical insights from a range of disciplines that have necessary contributions to make to our understanding of health and social care practice and provision. We explore the limitations of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and the systematic review for informing evidence-based health and social care. The article also offers some suggestions on method, although, as we argue, the approach deliberately eschews a ‘cookbook’ approach. A glossary of terms is provided in the Appendix.     

新时期文学中的自然主义倾向

西方自然主义对中国新时期的学是有影响的。“新写实小说”、“新体验小说”和纪实学清楚地显示着自然主义色彩,具体表现在强调录写、崇尚实证、反对典型化、主张语言的本色化和消解作品的倾向性等方面。     

Educating the Whole Child for the Whole World. Edited by M. Suarez-Orozco and C. Sattin-Bajaj

Abstract

Academics are confronted with multiple and conflicting narratives as to what it is to be an academic. Their identities, however, are not entirely of their own making. Through a qualitative study, and deploying a social realist perspective, this paper analyses academic identities in Chile and attempts to locate the patterns of identity in the context of a marketised higher education system. The data were collected in both a state and a private university. The results suggest that distinct kinds of fragilities may be emerging among Chilean academics (ontological and contractual fragilities). These two fragilities can be traced to the attendant structures of the university system at an institutional level (reputational fragility in the public sector and a branding fragility in the private sector). The paper concludes by observing that, although the power of the structures is considerable, there are still spaces for agentic responses.     

A sociology ‘of’ or a sociology ‘for’ education? The New Zealand experience of the dilemma

The sociology of education in New Zealand, as in other countries, is affected by the dilemma inherent to the discipline, namely: is it a sociology of education or a sociology for education? In this article I analyse three factors in which the dilemma is played out: ‘cultural oppositionism’ in the indigenous (kaupapa Maori) approach, critical policy research and the role of empirical research. I argue that a sociology for education is fundamentally weakened by its politicisation, a flaw not helped by the difficulties in drawing political goals from moral imperatives. In contrast a sociology of education, which uses the strengths of empirical research and theoretical analysis, offers the better hope of renewal for, what is, in New Zealand, a moribund discipline.     

新写实小说的爱情悲剧探讨

爱情是婚姻的基础的传统婚姻理念遭到了新写实小说家的无情嘲讽。新写实小说家采用爱情偶然性模式展示了恋人无法找到自己满意对象的悲剧命运,从而揭示了爱情的虚无。新写实小说家爱情观的产生是物质困窘和"文化低迷"的产物,其对爱情本质的理解体现出了理想主义溃退的精神实质。经历了爱情悲剧的男女主角采取婚外情等形式进行补偿,但最终依然逃不脱悲剧命运。新写实小说家通过双重悲剧表达了她们对于生命终极的思索与追问。     

The coordination of skill supply and demand in the market model of skill formation: testing the assumptions for the case of Chile

ABSTRACT

The importance of skill formation for young people and the challenges of youth unemployment and underemployment are at the forefront of global development agendas. However, there is still an open debate about the most adequate policy frameworks to tackle these societal challenges and, particularly, about the role that the state and the market should play in the coordination of skills supply and demand. Taking Chile as a case study, the paper analyses how the market model of skill formation is re-contextualised by practitioners and other stakeholders at the local level. Through a realist evaluation approach, the paper tests to what extent the underlying theoretical assumptions of the market model hold up when confronted with the reality of the contexts in which young people, education providers and employers make decisions. The case of Chile is particularly interesting for the comparative literature because of its extreme neoliberal orientation and the centrality of the market in the allocation of resources and opportunities among different social groups. The findings show the limitations of the market for coordinating the supply and demand of skills and its negative consequences on the educational and work prospects of young people, especially the most disadvantaged..     

Structure and agency in learning: a critical realist theory of the development of capacity to reflect on academic practice

Theories of learning typically downplay the interplay between social structure and student agency. In this article, we adapt a causal hypothesis from realist social theory and draw on wider perspectives from critical realism to account for the development of capacity to engage in reflection on professional practice in academic roles. We thereby offer a theory of professional learning that explores how social and cultural structures and personal emergent powers combine to ensure variation in the emergence of such reflective capacity. The influence of these factors on professional learning is mediated through reflexive deliberation and social interaction, with the exercise of one's personal powers specifically identified as a stratum of social reality. We consider further the role of concerns, intention and attention in professional learning, drawing together issues that are rarely considered within the same theory. We thus offer a comprehensive account of professional learning, showing how a focus on structure and agency increases the explanatory power of learning theory.     

法人人格权探析

法人人格权的发展经历了漫长的发展过程。对于法人是否享有人格权,理论界有三种不同的观点：即法人拟制说,法人否认说,法人实在说。本文从法人人格权的发展入手,通过分析其存在的理论依据,认为法人享有人格权。     

FRSAD,Semiotics, and FRBR-LRM

Philosophy grapples with the deepest and most difficult questions in human life. In a 2012 article, Jonathan Furner raises questions about the “Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Data” (FRSAD) model. Can the FRSAD framers really avoid tackling philosophical questions as they attempt to do—the long-running dispute between nominalists and realists, in particular? This article attempts to flesh out a realist position while showing some implications for the new Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records-Library Reference Model. It is not clear that FRSAD really takes a realist view, as Furner claims, and a position on the nominalist–realist debate is not necessary for information professionals.