Buddhist Wall Paintings at Nako Monastery,North India: Changing of the Technology Throughout Centuries

The technical study of wall paintings from the Buddhist temple complex at Nako, Western Himalayas, was one of the basic preconditions required for designing an appropriate conservation strategy. The complex, composed of four temples from the eleventh–twelfth century, offered a unique possibility to carry out a comprehensive research of technology and painting materials used in early and later western Tibetan Buddhist wall paintings as well as a comparative assessment with murals from other sites in the Western Himalayas. The study was based on extensive fieldwork and an integrated analytical approach comprising a wide range of non-destructive and micro-destructive methods. Answering the question of the coevality of paintings in the smaller temples with other original murals, the precise characterisation of binding media, the detection of the yellow dye gamboge and natural minerals posnjakite and brochantite identified for the first time in Himalayan murals, the clarification of technology of metal decoration, and the making of raised elements are some of the most exciting results which emerged from the research.     

Numerical investigation of cavitating flow behind the cone of a poppet valve in water hydraulic system

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations of cavitating flow through water hydraulic poppet valves were performed using advanced RNGk-epsilon turbulence model. The flow was turbulent, incompressible and unsteady, for Reynolds numbers greater than 43000. The working fluid was water, and the structure of the valve was simplified as a two dimensional axisymmetric geometrical model. Flow field visualization was numerically achieved. The effects of inlet velocity, outlet pressure, opening size as well as poppet angle on cavitation intensity in the poppet valve were numerically investigated. Experimental flow visualization was conducted to capture cavitation images near the orifice in the poppet valve with 30° poppet angle using high speed video camera. The binary cavitating flow field distribution obtained from digital processing of the original cavitation image showed a good agreement with the numerical result. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 59835160) and Scientific Research Foundation for Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry of China (No. 50175097)     

古代湖南荒政之赈源研究

古代湖南自然灾害救济的类型据赈款赈粮的来源及施赈主持者可分为朝赈、官赈和民赈。朝赈、官赈主要依靠国库或地方库藏，主要来源于人民交纳赋税，为弥补不足，历代还通过捐职、赎罪、用羡余和假馈纳等途径增加赈源。民赈由民间义绅自愿捐纳。历史会永远记住那些为赈灾救灾作出过贡献的人。     

自动调节阀流量特性实验的开发

介绍了自动调节阀流量特性实验的意义和基本原理,重点讲解了如何对原有的实验设备进行改造,以很少的花费、开发出新的教学实验项目所开展的工作。这项改进为丰富实验教学内容、提高实验设备的利用水平,促进理论教学与实际动手能力的训练起到重要作用。     

调适新升本院校教师心理压力之探讨

新升本院校教师较老本科院校教师心理压力更大更多,其心理压力主要来自于"学校培养目标的提升、学校办学功能的拓展和学校管理体制的变改."这种过高的心理压力若长期得不到缓和和消除,势必阻碍新升本院校的教育改革和发展.因此,建议新升本科院校领导,从抓好思想政治工作入手,注重各硬、软环境建设,科学理顺学校内部机制的各种关系,全面提高和完善师资管理水平,以缓解、消除教师心理压力.     

模块式液压阀试验系统研究

研制了一种模块式液压阀实验系统，该试验系统能完成国家标准规定的压力阀、流量阀方向阀的性能测试。该试验系统采用模块式测试回路和计算机辅助测试技术，使泼试验系统能满足各类用户的使用要求。     

具有断电自关闭功能的零功耗自保持电磁阀

本文全面介绍了电磁阀的工作原理。采用高性能的永磁材料和电磁铁联合作用原理设计研究具有自保持功能和自关闭功能的新型电磁阀，不仅可以实现保持状态的零功耗，并可用于具有欠费拒用功能的智能化仪表上。     

带血管蒂组织瓣移位修复股骨头缺血性坏死的研究现状

股骨头缺血性坏死的临床治疗中带血管蒂组织瓣转位修复术收效良好。本文就股骨头血供特点、关节囊附着特点和几种股骨头修复术能带血管蒂转位的供瓣区解剖特点作一综述，为临床设计操作方便、损伤小、血供丰富的组织瓣转位术提供解剖学依据。     

中华全国基督教协进会与抗战时期难童救济

抗战时期,难童作为一个特殊的群体引起了上至国民政府,下至各种民间组织的积极关注,难童救济逐渐展开。中华全国基督教协进会作为一个在华各差会的协调机构,发起全国四十余城的战时难童救济事工,成为各种难童救济组织中一股特殊的力量,也是其在华慈善事业的一个重要组成部分。     

教会对战地的慈善救济--以民国时期的湖南地区为例

民国时期,湖南的兵灾主要发生在南北军阀混战和抗日战争时期.在湘的教会力量积极参与每次重大的兵灾救济,通过治疗伤病兵、救济难民生活等方式,缓解了战争给社会正常运转带来的压力.教会进行的兵灾救济还在推进中国慈善事业的发展、培植非国家力量、增进国人对西方文化的理解方面发挥了一定的作用.教会的兵灾救济活动是湖南近代灾荒救济的重要组成部分.