苏格拉底哲学启蒙述评

苏格拉底的哲学启蒙开启了堪称古希腊哲学的三大＂哥白尼式革命＂,在认识路径上,从外在的＂受知＂转向内在的＂自知＂;在认识对象上,从对自然的关注转向对人的关注;在认识目标上,从相对主义转向普遍主义。但他的哲学启蒙也存在着潜在的危险,在启蒙方法上,他的＂否定式论辩＂和＂无知论＂容易滑向怀疑主义;在启蒙基点上,他的理念论容易滑向理性独断主义;在启蒙理想上,他的至善主义容易滑向极权主义。     

Education as Training for Life: Stoic teachers as physicians of the soul

This paper is an indirect critique of the practice of American liberal education. I show that the liberal, integrative model that American colleges and universities have adopted, with one key exception, is essentially an approach to education proposed some 2400 years ago by Stoic philosophers. To this end, I focus on a critical sketch of the Stoic model of education—chiefly through the works of Seneca, Epictetus, and Aurelius—that is distinguishable by these features: education as self-knowing, the need of logic and critical thinking for informed decision-making, learning as preparation for life, and knowledge for integration in private, local, and global affairs. Such a critical sketch may not only help institutions instantiate their own similar aims more effectively, but also help them assess those aims with apposite normative force, which today they lack.     

完善自我意识--青少年人格发展的核心与关键

自我意识是人格发展的自我调控系统,主要包括自我认识、自我体验和自我调节.青少年自我意识发展并不是一个完全自发过程,如何以有效的教育策略促进青少年自我意识不断完善,既是其人格发展的核心内容,也是保证其顺利解决人格发展中所面临新问题的关键所在.