坐式排球运动员的选材特殊性分析

坐式排球是残疾人奥运会正式比赛项目,2000年我国把坐式排球列为全国残疾人运动会正式比赛项目。经过五年的发展,我国坐式排球运动水平已进入世界六强行列。为了完成2008年北京残奥会上男女双获金牌的战略目标,当前最重要的工作就是加强二线队伍的建设,加大运动员的选材力度。经过三年的跟队研究,总结出坐式排球运动员选材的特殊性:放宽运动员的年龄界限,要求队员有较长的上体和上肢。残障程度:以小腿截肢和两下肢不等长的运动员最适合参加坐式排球运动的训练。在挑选攻手时,注意残障腿与扣球手成反向;在挑选二传手时,残障腿是右腿的运动员更适合。     

论Windows映射模式在应用中若干问题的解决方法

在W indows应用程序中,只要与图形文字输出有关系,都要使用映射模式。实际应用中,我们会遇到一些与映射模式有关的问题,如OLEServer应用程序中映射模式的设置;映射模式下坐标转换误差等。本文主要针对这些问题,详细论述了解决的方法。     

Accuracy of activPAL Self-Attachment Methods

This study examined the accuracy of self-attachment of the activPAL activity monitor. A convenience sample of 50 participants self-attached the monitor after being presented with written material only (WMO) and then written and video (WV) instructions; and completed a questionnaire regarding the acceptability of the instructional methods. Participants positioned the monitor lower than the instructed position on the thigh (WMO ?5.15 ± 2.75 cm, WV ?4.16 ± 2.15 cm; p = .008 difference) and approximately 2 cm laterally from the thigh midline (WMO 1.90 ± 0.92 cm; WV 2.08 ± 1.24 cm). The orientation of the device was positioned correctly along the midline (within < 1° of vertical). Acceptability was high for both instructional methods although preference was shown for the WV instruction. In conclusion, participants consistently self-attached the activPAL close to the intended placement with either instructional method. The addition of video instruction produced a slightly more accurate attachment and was preferred by the participants.     

无声语言在体育教学中的作用

根据以往的教学经验,对无声语言的特点,以及无声语言如何在体育教学中运用进行了分析。重点剖析了在体育教学中时空感、眼神、目光、表情、站立姿势和手势等几种无声语言的巧妙运用,从而加强教师和学生之间的交往,提高教学效果。     

Towards a Model of Intercultural Communicative Competence in Iranian EFL Context: Testing the Role of International Posture,Ideal L2 Self,L2 Self-Confidence,and Metacognitive Strategies

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to present a model of intercultural communicative competence (ICC) by incorporating international posture, motivational disposition (ideal L2 self), second language (L2) self-confidence, and metacognitive learning strategies. To this end, 150 Iranian L2 learners, selected through convenience sampling procedure, took part in the research. The findings of structural equation modelling revealed that the proposed model showed adequate fit to the data, implying that the model is appropriate in Iranian English as a foreign language (EFL) context. Also, the results indicated that learners with a high level of international posture are more likely to bridge the gap between their present and ideal selves. This was, additionally, argued that internationally oriented and ideally motivated learners become confident of their abilities to get engaged in interaction with L2 target communities. Furthermore, metacognitive learning strategies were found to be directly associated with ICC, implicating that the learners who continuously reflect on their learning and evaluate their performances are more prone to have a higher level of ICC. Finally, suggestions were offered for language teachers and policy-makers to inspire their learners to be more competent in communication with people of other cultures and languages.     

哈他瑜伽对改善大学生体态的研究

文章采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、访谈法,随机选取100名江苏开放大学的学生,以对哈他瑜伽改善大学生体态的原理进行分析,并提出了哈他瑜伽在高校体育教学中的推广实施策略,从而希望能为哈他瑜伽在大学生群体中的推广和应用,提供更多有利的依据与参照。     

Transmission of vibration from a vibrating plate to the head of standing people

Little is known about the transmission of vibration to the head when using whole-body vibration (WBV) training machines. This paper investigates the effect of frequency and posture on the transmission of vibration from a vibrating plate to the head of standing people. Nine male participants were exposed to vertical vibration at nine frequencies in the range of 17–46 Hz and vibration acceleration in the range of 7.85–18.64 m/s² (peak). The participants adopted four standing postures described as standing with locked knee (LK), bent knee (BK), one leg (OL), and one foot to the front and the other to the back (FB). The transmissibility to the head differed among postures (t-test, p < 0.05) and was greatest with the FB posture and smallest with the BK posture. The transmissibility to the head decreased with increasing the frequency (t-test, p < 0.05) but the extent of the decrease depended on the adopted posture. This frequency-posture interaction effect on the transmissibility should be considered when designing a training program. The data will be useful for developing standards/protocols that govern the use of WBV machines as well as for building human body models that can predict potential risks arising from using WBV machines.     

蛙泳泳式与泳式的选择

代表当今最优秀的蛙泳姿势有三种,即平航式、高拉式、波浪式。它们有各自的特点,运动员应根据自己的年龄、性别,所选的游泳距离及身体条件来选择这些姿势。同时,运动员在游泳训练中应综合吸收这三种泳式的长处,以最大限度地发挥自己的能力     

国家优秀射击运动员平衡稳定性特点及评价指标

运用footscan balance测试系统对国家高水平手枪、步枪射击运动员进行了平衡稳定性的的测试，通过分析得出以下主要结论：第一，所有射击运动员中男子手枪运动员身体姿态的平衡稳定性及调节能力最差：第二，射击训练只能使睁眼状态下身体晃动面积和前后晃动幅度减小；第三，一般平衡稳定性指标（身体重心前后、左右晃动幅度、轨迹长度、晃动面积）不能准确地反映高水平射击运动员平衡稳定性的特点．而派生指标——单位面积的轨迹长度（轨迹总长度与晃动面积的比值），既显示平衡稳定性，又能体现姿态调节能力，在晃动面积一定的情况下，其值越大，表明调节能力越强，晃动的频率越快，身体平衡稳定性越好．在实射时对枪支的影响越小，可作为射击运动员的评价和选材指标。     

不同走步姿态的运动生物力学对比分析

通过录像、测力台和八通道无线表面肌电仪同步的方法,对9名受试者进行不同走步姿态(内八走、正常走、外八走)的测试,运用录像解析系统、三维测力平台软件(版本V5.2)和肌电数据处理软件获得运动学、动力学和肌电学数据。结果显示:(1)外八X方向的力值是最大的,正常走在Y方向和Z方向的力值是最大的。(2)在正常步态中,半腱肌平均肌电的值是最大的,半腱肌的主要作用是使大腿在髋关节处旋内.对抗骨盆的扭转。内八步态中半腱肌和腓肠肌内侧平均肌电的值都比较大,导致用来对抗骨盆扭转的内回旋程度超过了骨盆扭转程度,从而形成了内八的走步姿势。外八步态中股二头肌和腓肠肌外侧平均肌电的值是最大的,使得骨盆的外回旋程度加大,从而造成了外八的走步姿势。(3)在正常步态中原动肌的积分肌电比较高,说明肌肉用力比较大,在此过程中人体给地面以较大的作用力,同时地面给人体以较大的支撑反作用力。