The Use of Augmented Reality Technology in Medical Specimen Museum Tours

Human anatomical specimen museums are commonly used by medical, nursing, and paramedical students. Through dissection and prosection, the specimens housed in these museums allow students to appreciate the complex relationships of organs and structures in more detail than textbooks could provide. However, it may be difficult for students, particularly novices, to identify the various parts of these anatomical structures without additional explanations from a docent or supplemental illustrations. Recently, augmented reality (AR) has been used in many museum exhibits to display virtual objects in videos captured from the real world. This technology can significantly enhance the learning experience. In this study, three AR-based support systems for tours in medical specimen museums were developed, and their usability and effectiveness for learning were examined. The first system was constructed using an AR marker. This system could display virtual label information for specimens by capturing AR markers using a tablet camera. Individual AR markers were required for all specimens, but their presence in and on the prosected specimens could also be obtrusive. The second system was developed to set the specimen image itself as an image marker, as most specimens were displayed in cross section. Visitors could then obtain the label information presented by AR without any markers intruding on the display or anatomical specimens. The third system was comprised of a head-mounted display combined with a natural click interface. The system could provide visitors with an environment for the natural manipulation of virtual objects with future scalability.     

随机数发生器种子值对岩石试样弹塑性破裂过程的影响研究

阐述了岩土类材料的非匀质性特性,以及对岩土类材料弹塑性破裂过程进行数值模拟的分析程序REPFPA,通过8个试样的数值模拟"试验",深入地研究了随机数发生器种子值对岩石试样弹塑性破裂过程的影响.分析结果表明:只要岩石材料力学性质的均质度和其它参数保持不变,随机数发生器种子值对岩石试样弹塑性破裂过程与结果的影响很小.     

昆虫标本图片库系统的设计与应用

昆虫种类繁多,数量巨大,给昆虫实验室的标本管理工作带来了很大的不便。为了提高管理水平,保护实物标本,需对昆虫标本进行数字化管理。通过数码相机、摄像头、扫描仪、互联网等手段获取图片,利用Vistual Basic 6.0开发工具和Access 2003数据库软件建立昆虫标本图片库系统。该系统不但具有输入图片、浏览图片、查找图片的功能,还能调用数码相机、摄像头、扫描仪,能够从这些数码设备中获取图片,可以导入到图片库中。该系统既可用于科研,又可用于教学,既方便了科研人员查找相关标本图片,又满足了教师在上课时演示昆虫标本,具有广阔的应用前景。     

人体标本的分类及意义

人体标本是指在人体解剖学教学和科研工作中所使用的整体或局部的人体标本。根据书籍、教材和文献将人体标本进行分类,对更好地保护和使用人体标本有着非常重要的意义。     

Comparison of digoxin concentration in plastic serum tubes with clot activator and heparinized plasma tubes

Introduction:

Sample type recommended by the manufacturer for the digoxin Abbott assay is either serum collected in glass tubes or plasma (sodium heparin, lithium heparin, citrate, EDTA or oxalate as anticoagulant) collected in plastic tubes. In our hospital samples are collected in plastic tubes. Our hypothesis was that the serum sample collected in plastic serum tube can be used interchangeably with plasma sample for measurement of digoxin concentration. Our aim was verification of plastic serum tubes for determination of digoxin concentration.

Materials and methods:

Concentration of digoxin was determined simultaneously in 26 venous blood plasma (plastic Vacuette, LH Lithium heparin) and serum (plastic Vacuette, Z Serum Clot activator; both Greiner Bio-One GmbH, Kremsmünster, Austria) samples, on Abbott AxSYM analyzer using the original Abbott Digoxin III assay (Abbott, Wiesbaden, Germany). Tube comparability was assessed using the Passing Bablok regression and Bland-Altman plot.

Results:

Serum and plasma digoxin concentrations are comparable. Passing Bablok intercept (0.08 [95% CI = −0.10 to 0.20]) and slope (0.99 [95% CI = 0.92 to 1.11]) showed there is no constant or proportional error.

Conclusion:

Blood samples drawn in plastic serum tubes and plastic plasma tubes can be interchangeably used for determination of digoxin concentration.     

徽州文化的基因、特质与解构

徽州文化是代表中国明清社会从“农业的系统”向“商业的系统”转变之际的特异性与先导性的地域文化标本。徽州文化的独特性取决于它的文化基因,包括移民型人口结构、宗法制社会结构、商贾为重的经济结构与崇儒尊孔奉朱的精神结构。徽州文化的特质是既脱胎于中华文化母体,又成为新兴商业文化的先驱者,成为新旧文化二律背后的共存体,表现出许多彼此矛盾又自我调谐的文化表征,其中最典型的为：社会价值与人生价值观上的崇儒与重商,人生态度上的内敛与进取,生活方式上的节俭与时尚。徽州文化解构、降格为普通地域文化,最根本、最关键的动因是构成徽文化特质的内在基因产生了变异：移民型人口结构发生反向移民,宗法制社会结构彻底瓦解,以商贾为重的经济结构被迫转型,崇儒尊孔奉朱的精神结构逐渐涣散,而这种种基因的嬗变受制于内外环境的变革压力。     

Stability studies of common biochemical analytes in serum separator tubes with or without gel barrier subjected to various storage conditions

Introduction

The collected and shipped blood samples are exposed to a various extra-analytical factors prior to analysis. The aim of the study was to determine the stability of analytes in serum gel tubes and plain tubes exposed to a range of storage temperatures and times after centrifugation.

Materials and methods:

Fifteen healthy volunteers were recruited and venous blood was collected into four tubes, two with and two without gel separator. Analyzing the baseline samples in 30 min, all were stored at 4ºC or 24ºC for 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 48 and 72 hours and 1 week. Sixteen biochemical anaytes were measured on each sample. Variations remained under the desirable bias considered as clinically insignificant.

Results:

On day three, most analytes remained stable including albumin, protein, creatinine, cholesterol, triglycerides, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LD) regardless of tube types. Glucose concentration decreased markedly (P = 0.001) beginning from the first hours of storage in plain serum. The stability maximized for the analytes including glucose, total bilirubin, urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid stored at 4 ºC in gel tubes. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity increased significantly (P = 0.002) up to 48-h, however bias was not significant clinically. High density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration was stable in gel tubes at 24 ºC, in plain tubes at 4 ºC stored up to 36-h.

Conclusion:

Serum gel or non-gel tubes might be used interchangeably for 11 analytes chilled or at 24 ºC, whereas some restrictions must be applied for glucose, AST, BUN, HDL, and uric acid.     

基因指纹和芯片技术在生物资源调查和标本整理中的应用

随着PCR 技术的广泛应用,基因指纹和芯片技术得到快速发展,已成为分子生物学研究的重要手段并得到广泛应用。文章首先综述了目前常用的基因指纹和芯片技术及其优缺点。常用的技术有：DNA 限制性片断长度多态性分析（RFLP）、随机扩增多态性DNA 分析（RAPD）、扩增片断长度多态性分析（AFLP）、微卫星DNA 多态性分析（SSR）、单核苷酸多态性分析（SNP）等。然后简要概述这些技术在生物资源调查和标本整理中的应用。主要应用于物种鉴定和分类、个体识别和种群数量调查、资源植物关键信息研究等。最后展望这些技术在     

精准医疗背景下生物样本信息的价值初探

精准医疗的产业化进程赋予生物样本信息新的价值,同时使生物样本信息的管理面临全新局面。基于国内 外政策制度归纳生物样本信息的定义,通过对精准医疗背景下生物样本生命周期各环节信息活动的解析,梳理生物样 本信息的具体内容,构建生命周期中的信息流,结合信息活动主体在信息流中的关系,说明生物样本信息管理的需求 与实现,揭示生物样本信息的价值定位,提出制订数据标准、建立云平台、深化理论研究等建议。     

原子吸收法测定无机阴离子的应用

本文简要的综述了原子吸收光谱法在环境样品中一些无机阴离子的测定方法及其应用进展。