语篇衔接标记类别特征试析

语篇组织成分之间语义关系的建立需要衔接手段来实现.从语义关联方式来看,衔接手段可分为衔接类(指称衔接、结构衔接、词汇衔接)和连接类(显性连接和隐性连接).从形式特征来看,指称衔接、结构衔接、以及显性连接更具标记性,由此形成的语义关联也较显明易辨.     

话语标记语的元语用意识凸显

话语标记语是言语交际中一种十分常见的话语现象，在不同的交际条件下具有不同的语用功能。人们在交际时或多或少地受元语用意识的指导与调控，而且这种元语用意识会在各种不同语言层面上有所反映。因此，话语标记语是标示说话人的元语用意识的一种语言手段。不同类型的话语标记语可以从不同的角度反映说话人的元语用意识。     

Troponin T and Heart Type Fatty Acid Binding Protein (h-Fabp) as Biomarkers in Patients Presenting with Chest Pain

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a term for a range of clinical signs and symptoms suggestive of myocardial ischemia. It results in functional and structural changes and ultimately releasing protein from injured cardiomyocytes. These cardiac markers play a major role in diagnosis and prognosis of ACS. This study aims to assess the efficacy of heart type fatty acid binding protein (h-FABP) as a marker for ACS along with the routinely used hs-TropT. In our observational study, plasma h-FABP (cut-off 6.32 ng/ml) and routinely done hs-Trop T (cutoff 0.1 and 0.014 ng/ml) were estimated by immunometric laboratory assays in 88 patients with acute chest pain. Based on the clinical and laboratory test findings the patients were grouped into ACS (n = 41) and non-ACS (n = 47). The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, NPV, PPV and ROC curve at 95 % CI were determined. Sensitivity of hs-TropT (0.1 ng/ml), hs-TropT (0.014 ng/ml) and h-FABP were 53, 86 and 78 % respectively and specificity for the same were 98, 73 and 70 % respectively. Sensitivity, specificity and NPV calculated for a cut-off combination of hs-TropT 0.014 ng/ml and h-FABP was 100, 51 and 100 % respectively. These results were substantiated by ROC analysis. Measurement of plasma h-FABP and hs-TropT together on admission appears to be more precise predictor of ACS rather than either hs-Trop T or h-FABP.     

中国英语学习者书面语中推导性话语标记语使用情况调查——一项基于语料库的研究

通过语料库文本分析的方式,把中国英语学习者（英语专业学生）书面语中推导性话语标记语的使用情况和英语本族语者使用情况进行对比。结果显示,（1）中国英语学习者书面语中推导性话语标记语的使用存在严重的过多和过少使用并存现象,且呈简单化、口语化倾向;（2）推导性标记语使用水平会随着学习者语言水平的提高而有所提高,但个别推导性标记语的使用具有语用＂石化＂特征。     

语用标记语在语篇分析中的应用

为了研究语用标记语的应用,以一篇英文语篇实例作为研究对象,从语篇分析的角度讨论语用标记语在英语语篇构建与揭示人物心理变化的过程中发挥的作用,既为英语教学提供一种新的研究视角,也为提高学生的英语语用能力提供一条有效的途径。     

What does it take to become “one of us?” Redefining ethnic-civic citizenship using markers of everyday nationhood

In this study we examined what are the markers of immigrant naturalisation as seen from the perspectives of recipient nationals. Social markers are perceptual signposts that receiving nationals use in deciding whether a non-native born is a member of the destination country. In short, what should immigrants do in order to be accepted by receiving nationals as “one of us”. Cross national data on 20 indicators of “everyday nationhood” were collected from five countries – Singapore, Japan, Australia, Finland, and Canada. The markers highlight common dispositions, activities, or social norms that are associated with citizenship. Exploratory factor analysis in each sample consistently demonstrated a two-factor structure model that supports the contemporary ethnic-civic distinction, but the markers that make up each of the two dimensions vary between countries. No metric equivalence was found, and that the markers have culture-specific meanings. The framework offers a novel insight to intercultural relations. The results suggest that adaptation and social inclusion need to consider the norms and values practised in the recipient society, and how immigration may redefine intergroup boundaries.     

从认知语用角度探讨话语标记语的语境构建功能

从认知语用观点出发,交际的过程也就是语境构建的过程,话语标记语在语境构建中起着明示导向与限制制约的作用,一方面明示认知假设,对语境构建具有提示功能;另一方面限制语境假设的选择,对语境构建具有制约作用,从而帮助听话人构建说话人所期待的认知语境,减少听话人在话语理解时花费的努力,获得说话人期待的语境效果。     

基于影视剧语料库的蒙古语话语标记标注初探

话语标记是处于句子之外表达程序意义、能对话语的理解起到引导作用的词、短语和习惯表达式。它们形式多样,功能复杂,多存在歧义而影响句法分析的效果。随着蒙古语语料库建设进入句法—语义分析阶段,话语标记研究为自动标注和消除歧义提供了丰富的语言知识资源。     

中国大学生英语书面语中对比性话语标记语的使用情况调查

研究采用对比英语国家母语使用者以及中国英语学习者书面英语语料的方法,调查了中国大学生在英语书面语中使用对比性话语标记语的总体倾向。本次研究涉及的语料是中国某知名大学英语专业四年级学生的10篇毕业论文以及从国外学术期刊上随机抽取的英语国家母语使用者所发表的10篇学术论文。研究结果表明,较之英语国家高水平的母语使用者,中国大学生在英语书面语中使用的对比性话语标记语具有口语化、简单化、使用位置固定化的特征。     

英语虚拟式的认知浅析

虚拟语式具有时态相对性，即距离性，这一时态相对性是隐喻机制的体现。同时，虚拟语式的隐喻机制也体现了人作为认知主体对事态的主观愿望和需求，是语言符号具有理据性的一个证明。