肌肉力量连续统一体理论及其在力量训练中的应用研究

通过对肌肉力量中主动张力和被动张力的关系所作的深入探讨,认为肌肉在不同收缩形式和收缩速度下,肌力的组成以及各组成成分之间既相互区别又相互联系,形成一个连续统一体。这为力量训练理论与实践研究开辟了新的思路。     

Environmentally-induced stone decay: the cumulative effects of crystallization–hydration cycles on a Lincolnshire oopelsparite limestone

An investigation has been undertaken at St Andrew’s church, Walpole St Andrew, Norfolk, to establish the underlying causes of the observed stone decay to the upper parts of the six stone piers. The stone decay was first recorded in the early 1930s. The salt-contaminated masonry within the church has been shown to undergo severe salt decay during the summer, with little damage occurring over the winter months. The south aisle piers have been shown to decay 2.5 times faster than the north aisle piers. Although crystallization–hydration cycles have been identified, the rate of decay is at its greatest when the cycling is relatively infrequent. This was not the expected trend. Furthermore, it has been shown that during extended periods where the ambient relative humidity is less than 75%, the rate of decay reaches a maximum. It is the length of this ‘drying’ period that apparently has the greatest influence on the rate of decay and could explain the significant difference in the rate of decay between the south and north aisle piers. The results have serious implications for passive conservation, where it is often recommended to lower the ambient relative humidity to well below the equilibrium relative humidity of the salt contaminant, to avoid crystallization–hydration cycles. Since, at the time of building, the church was situated on the coast, it is possible that the sodium chloride contamination occurred during the building process (1440–1520), particularly since the area was prone to sea-flooding at this time. Alternatively, the salt could have been applied as a treatment during the general restoration of 1897. Whatever the source of the salt, it seems likely that the ambient environment was changed by the insertion of a sealed floor in 1897, which could account for the onset of the salt decay.     

社交媒体用户消极使用行为：多源数据融合视角

[目的/意义]通过融合不同来源数据的方式探索社交媒体用户消极使用行为影响因素,为用户健康合理地可持续使用社交媒体提供理论支撑,并为平台改进服务提供参考信息。[方法/过程]对访谈数据进行三级编码,结合爬虫获取的包含部分受访者数据的用户行为轨迹数据分析社交媒体用户消极使用原因,构建社交媒体用户消极使用行为影响因素模型。[结果/结论]通过多源数据融合能够解决单一来源数据有效性不足问题。研究发现外部环境因素(任务情境、信息过载、社交过载、不良言论)和平台因素(系统功能、品牌形象、付费服务)通过内部个人因素(信息需求、认知差异、负面情绪、使用成本、使用习惯、隐私关注)影响用户使用社交媒体,产生潜水、屏蔽、间歇使用、转移、退出和抵制等不同程度的消极使用行为,一定程度上反映了用户作为弱势对象在技术环境下的自我保护。     

Analysis of Statistical Question Classification for Fact-Based Questions

Question classification systems play an important role in question answering systems and can be used in a wide range of other domains. The goal of question classification is to accurately assign labels to questions based on expected answer type. Most approaches in the past have relied on matching questions against hand-crafted rules. However, rules require laborious effort to create and often suffer from being too specific. Statistical question classification methods overcome these issues by employing machine learning techniques. We empirically show that a statistical approach is robust and achieves good performance on three diverse data sets with little or no hand tuning. Furthermore, we examine the role different syntactic and semantic features have on performance. We find that semantic features tend to increase performance more than purely syntactic features. Finally, we analyze common causes of misclassification error and provide insight into ways they may be overcome.     

A Syntactic Study on Bare Infinitive and Infinitival to

Infinitives which consist of bare infinitive and infinitival to are imperative in linguistic studies.And both of the two kinds of infinitives do not indicate person,tense and number.This research aims to analyze the properties,similarities and differences between bare infinitive and infinitival to from the perspective of syntax.Thus,it enables us to attain a uniform characterization of the infinitival to and bare infinitive on the syntactic level and help us to understand these two kinds of infinitives better.     

教师职业研究的新视角——情绪工作研究探析

首先从情绪工作的定义、特征出发分析教师是属于高情绪工作者,之后阐述情绪工作的调节策略以及影响调节策略的相关因素,以期为研究教师职业提供一个新视角。     

Hip and upper extremity kinematics in youth baseball pitchers

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between dynamic hip rotational range of motion and upper extremity kinematics during baseball pitching. Thirty-one youth baseball pitchers (10.87 ± 0.92 years; 150.03 ± 5.48 cm; 44.83 ± 8.04 kg) participated. A strong correlation was found between stance hip rotation and scapular upward rotation at maximum shoulder external rotation (r = 0.531, P = 0.002) and at ball release (r = 0.536, P = 0.002). No statistically significant correlations were found between dynamic hip rotational range of motion and passive hip range of motion. Hip range of motion deficits can constrain pelvis rotation and limit energy generation in the lower extremities. Shoulder pathomechanics can then develop as greater responsibility is placed on the shoulder to generate the energy lost from the proximal segments, increasing risk of upper extremity injury. Additionally, it appears that passive seated measurements of hip range of motion may not accurately reflect the dynamic range of motion of the hips through the progression of the pitch cycle.     

论日语的被动态

由于日语与中文的语法结构截然不同，因此在学习日语的被动态时，很多初学者在日语的主语与对象语的处理上往往容易混淆。要想熟练掌握日语的被动态用法，首先要了解被动态的形态、句式和语义的特征，并对被动态用法的若干类型以及被动态的一般倾向要十分熟悉明了。     

词语搭配超常的制约因素考察

在考察语言事实的基础上,指出汉语句法结构中存在传统理解上的词语搭配超常现象,认为这种超常现象的存在,或是语义特征,或是语用频率等因素制约的结果.由此而得出结论:超常只是语面上的,不是实质上的.     

基于识解操作的英语被动语态分析

语言能够深切反映思维的特性,结构和组织,语言是思想交流的渠道。这个过程包括了说话者信息传递和听话者解码信息的部分。在这其中包含了大量的概念化,概念化的过程又称为识解操作过程。该文将在此理论框架内分析和诠释英语的被动语态。这为理解英语被动语态提供了一个新的视角,同时也证实了语言与人类思维紧密相关这一事实。