Adolescents’ motives for selling sex in a welfare state – A Swedish national study

In addition to money or other compensation, other motives for selling sex may be important in a welfare country such as Sweden. The aim of this study was to carry out an exploratory investigation of adolescents’ motives for selling sex in a population-based survey in Sweden. A total of 5839 adolescents from the third year of Swedish high school, mean age 18.0 years, participated in the study. The response rate was 59.7% and 51 students (0.9%) reported having sold sex. Exploratory factor analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis were used to identify groups of adolescents according to underlying motives for selling sex. Further analyses were carried out for characteristics of selling sex and risk factors. Three groups of adolescents were categorized according to their motives for selling sex: Adolescents reporting; 1) Emotional reasons, being at a greater risk of sexual abuse, using sex as a means of self-injury and having a non-heterosexual orientation. 2) Material but no Emotional reasons, who more often receive money as compensation and selling sex to a person over 25 years of age, and 3) Pleasure or no underlying motive for selling sex reported, who were mostly heterosexual males selling sex to a person under 25 years of age, the buyer was not known from the Internet, the reward was seldom money and this group was less exposed to penetrative sexual abuse or using sex as a means of self-injury. In conclusion, adolescents selling sex are a heterogeneous group in regard to underlying motives.     

Performative technologies and teacher subjectivities: A conceptual framework

Critical educational literature suggests that an increased reliance upon performative technologies is currently transforming the very foundations from which teacher subjectivities are constructed. Arguably though, the number of studies pointing to this risk or tendency is considerably larger than the ones theorising why this should be the case. Further, in those cases where the relationship between performative technologies and teacher subjectivities is theorised, the psychological mechanisms that the technologies appeal to are seldom brought to the fore. Based on this, the purpose of this article is to theorise the psychological mechanisms that performative technologies appeal to and work through, by means of identifying, systematising and elaborating extant understandings of such mechanisms in the critical educational literature. The results are presented in the form of a conceptual framework (referred to as the CMIS-framework) which suggests that one and the same performative technology may play many different roles, where each such role appeals to and works through a particular psychological mechanism. Importantly, depending on the type of psychological mechanism that is appealed to, the CMIS-framework suggests that this will lead to teachers (un)consciously conducting particular forms of subjectivising work upon themselves, here referred to as compliance, mirroring, identification and self-realisation (CMIS).     

专家型体育教师的培养

国外，对专家型教师的研究已成为教育学界和心理学界的重点研究领域。国内，对此问题也相当重视，正在积极开展研究。在体育教学领域，开展有关专家型体育教师的研究，不仅对体育师资的培养和体育教师的进修培训具有现实的指导价值，而且对培养各级各类体育人才，加速我国体育事业的现代化进程也有着重要意义。借鉴心理学对专家型教师的研究成果，教学观摩、微型教学、教学决策训练、教学反思及教学研究是培养专家型体育教师的几条有效的措施和途径。     

对体育教师的形象设计

通过对学校体育发展的研究与分析,系统地阐述了设计和树立体育教师形象的必要性,并提出了新形势下体育教师形象的内涵,这将对我国学校体育师资队伍的建设有着重要的促进作用。     

影响体育教师参与体育教育改革三要素的分析研究

体育教育改革最终需依赖体育教师参与执行,体育教师作为体育教育改革的要素,势必成为体育教育改革的对象与主体,这需要掌握体育教师参与体育教育改革的内在要素,并建立起使体育教师主动参与体育教育改革的促进系统。本研究就体育教师自身的改革与完善,体育教师主动参与性,体育教师参与体育教育改革的内在选择系统,体育教师参与体育改革的促进系统等方面进行了论述,揭示了影响体育教师参与体育教育改革的某些问题。     

性别、体质量与学生体育成绩的成因探讨

以 2 0 0 1年全校初一新生为研究对象 ,通过对其性别、体质量、体育成绩的分析 ,科学阐述性别、体质量这2项因素与体育成绩的成因关系。结果表明 :性别、体质量对体育成绩的影响在统计学上具有非常显著和显著性的差异 (P <0 0 0 0 1,P =0 0 0 2 4)。女生成绩明显优于男生 (女生 =75 83± 10 71,男生 =67 72± 10 51) ,体质量位于中等和中上者的学生成绩相近 ,2组均优于上等组 (中等组 =74 2 4± 10 58,中上组 =73 87± 12 54,上等组 =68 60± 10 82 )。     

教师专业化背景下反思型体育教师培养模式

教师的专业化发展要求教师成为反思型教师,而反思型教师的成熟和发展离不开教育实践的锻炼和促进,只有将实践中反映出来的问题上升到理论层面加以反思,才能探寻到根源,使主体的合理性水平得到提升和拓宽.体育教师要坚持积极的自我反思与实践,以主体身份投入其中,扩大自己的专业视野,逐步养成教育反思的习惯,建立自我反思机制,成为反思型教师,同时促进教师专业化发展.     

泉州地区中学新任体育教师现状调查分析

运用文献资料、问卷调查等方法,对泉州市55所中学新任体育教师进行调查分析。结果表明:男、女教师比例失调;新任教师学历达标率接近国家规定要求;学缘结构呈多元化发展趋势;新任教师教学、科研水平有待提高;新任教师中存在着专业思想不稳定因素;岗前和职后培训工作需加强。对策:建立终身学习的专业意识,提高新任教师的教育教学能力和科研水平;进一步优化教师的学缘结构;加强新任教师师德教育;探索实现职前培养、岗前和职后培训一体化机制。     

再论体育教学的"主导"与"主体"

采用文献资料等研究方法,再次对体育教学中的“主导”和“主体”进行探讨。分析了体育教师的主导性、学生学习的主体性及体育学习中主导性与主体性的关系。认为:教师的主导性和学生的主体性相辅相成,在体育教学中要通过强化教师的主导性调动学生的主体性,将学生的主体性与教师的主导性有机结合。     

The Provision for Personal, Social, Health Education (PSHE) and Citizenship in School-based Elements of Primary Initial Teacher Education

This small-scale research study looks at the PSHE/Citizenship framework and the opportunities for student teachers to understand and experience within school the relationship between values, personal and social development and learning. A questionnaire was given to two sets of student teachers on their final school-based placements. The research suggests that there needs to be greater recognition of the centrality of multi-cultural awareness and understanding within the political literacy section of the PSHE/Citizenship framework. This is the counterpart to a previous study of the opportunities for values education within the university-based elements of Primary Initial Teacher Education ( Mead, 2003 ).