文本分类中粗分类数据噪声修正的网络算法

在文本分类的实际应用中经常使用粗略分类的数据来训练分类器,但是这种数据中经常会包含类别标记有误的数据,这些数据对文本分类结果的精度会造成不良影响。本文针对这个问题提出了一种噪声修正算法,首先建立文档关联网络,把文档上标记的类别作为在网络上划分的集团结构,并用模块度衡量集团结构的质量,通过优化模块度指标把噪声数据调整到合适的类别中,从而提高数据质量。实验结果表明,本文所提算法能够有效修正粗分类数据中的噪声,且有较高的有效性和鲁棒性。该算法可以用于文本分类训练数据的预处理,或作为辅助技术用于文献库建设等工作。     

从课文教学中培养英语语感

学习英语的最终目的是进行交际 ,语感与语言运用能力紧密相关 ,语感是外语课文教学的关键。本文从对课文整体教学角度来阐述如何培养学生的英语语感     

李白《丁都护歌》"石芒砀"解

在中国的古代文学作品中,往往会运用多种社科专业词语进行文学写作.如果仅从文学角度对这些词语进行考证,只会让人迷惑不解.文章采用训诂学的方式,考证古人文学作品中的注解,依此来探索运用多种社科知识考证古代文学作品的途径.     

"重建"——历史文学创作的必由之路

目前的历史题材创作铺天盖地而来,存在的问题很多.历史文学创作的第一层面即为重建历史真实.首先遇到的问题是"历史文学"的界限究竟何在?鲁迅的"博考文献,言必有据"大体可以回答这个问题.这就又涉及到言之所据的"真实的历史人事"存在于何处的问题.实际上,历史本真虽然存在过,但难于把握.历史文本所记述的只是一个历史人物、历史事件的大致框架和概貌以及空间方位、时间的断限等,书写者会因观点的不同而对人物与事件作出不同的判断,有偏见也在所难免.历史文学要恢复历史真相是不可能的,只能走重建之路."重建"的意思是根据历史的基本走势、大体框架、人物与事件的大体定位,甚至推倒有偏见的历史成案,将历史资料的砖瓦,进行重新的组合和构建,根据历史精神和艺术趣味,整理出似史的艺术世界,并在高一个层次上回到历史文本,让历史文本重新焕发出艺术的光辉.艺术地重建历史世界应注意三个维度:认识的维度,价值的维度,审美的维度.     

The Talking Drawings Strategy: Using Primary Children’s Illustrations and Oral Language to Improve Comprehension of Expository Text

Listening and reading comprehension can be assessed by analyzing children’s visual, verbal, and written representations of their understandings. “Talking Drawings” (McConnell, S. (1993). Talking drawings: A strategy for assisting learners. Journal of Reading, 36(4), 260–269 is one strategy that enables children to combine their prior knowledge with the new information derived from an expository text and “translate” those newly-acquired understandings into other symbol systems, including an oral discussion with a partner, a more detailed drawing, and written labels for the drawing. The Talking Drawings strategy begins by inviting children to create pre-learning drawings. These initial drawings are a way of taking inventory of a child’s current content knowledge about a particular topic. After pre-learning drawings are created and shared, children listen to or read an expository text (e.g., information book, passage from a textbook) on the same topic as their drawing. Pairs of students discuss the information and either modify their pre-learning drawings to be more detailed or create completely new drawings that reflect the recently-acquired information. Students are encouraged to label their drawings with words in a diagram or schematic fashion. By evaluating the “before” and “after” artwork, educators can identify advances in students’ reading and listening comprehension of the terminology, facts, and principles on a particular topic.     

回鹘景教研究百年回顾

宋元时代，景教在回鹘人中相当流行，吐鲁番、敦煌等地发现有为数不少的回鹘文景教文献，此外，吐鲁番、喀什、霍城及福建泉州、江苏扬州、内蒙古自治区赤峰市和达茂联合旗乃至中亚七河流域等地也有回鹘景教遗物发现，都可为回鹘景教的研究提供证据。百年来，回鹘景教一直是国际学术界研究的热门话题，涌现出相当丰富的学术成果，在新旧世纪交替之际对其进行认真的总结、回顾，具有继往开来的意义。     

Networking around The Waterhole and other tales: the importance of relationships among texts for reading and related instruction

This article explores ways in which children's picture books form networks of relationships, and their implications for readers and classroom teachers. In this exploration, reading is seen to involve making connections within and beyond the text at hand. These connections, evoked differently across readers, shape readers' interpretations of text. Many possible meanings may arise from just one text, reinforcing the idea that no single correct meaning resides in a text. This article demonstrates tools for exploring textual connections with readers, and the value of such explorations for opening‐up reader interpretations of a text.     

The role of student-generated externalizations in strategic multimedia learning and how current (web-)technology fails to support learner engagement

In two studies, we investigated how learning strategies can support learning from multimedia. In the first study, 112 students learned from a web-based learning environment. On the basis of a strategy, one group of students took typewritten notes. The second group of students wrote a summary. Producing typewritten notes did not benefit learning any more than writing a summary. In the second study, 100 students learned the same subject matter from print. On the basis of a strategy, the first group produced written notes, the second group highlighted, wrote notes, and produced sketches. The third group wrote a summary. The students who highlighted, wrote notes, and produced sketches outperformed the other students. The students who produced written notes only did not learn more successfully than those who wrote a summary. The results suggest that externalizations in general and sketches in particular may play an important role in multimedia learning.     

别样的声音——《人:小说的聚焦》与当前的小说研究

从"人"的角度研究文学是历久弥新的话题。黄伟林的《人:小说的聚焦》在关注"人"的同时,有意识地将"人"纳入"现实主义"、"现代主义"和"后现代主义"等思潮中考察,连接起新时期中国不同形态的小说,切入了当前小说研究的核心。在文本细读的基础上,《人:小说的聚焦》挖掘出新时期小说的深层共性,将之升华到理论高度,既有深度又有内容,对当前"浮化"和"泛化"的小说研究是一种反拨,别有意义和价值。     

矿冶类文本的多元化特点及翻译原则

文章从文本类型理论入手,首先界定矿冶类文本的范围,结合实例分析该类文本的多元化语体特点,提出了术语与文化兼顾的信息性翻译原则,以期提高矿冶类文本的翻译质量,更好地促进世界矿冶文化的交流。