论连结热力学过程两态的任意性

所谓连结两态热力学过程的任意性,指的是连系确定的始、终两态的可能热力学过程有无穷多,包括了各种可能的做功和吸热特性的过程,当然违反热力学第一定律的过程除外。因此,给定了始、终态后对连系它们的过程的做功和吸热的特性不可能作任何判断。     

太阳能空间斯特林热机性能的优化分析

建立太阳能驱动的空间斯特林热机的循环模型，应用有限时间热力学理论和太阳能集热器的辐射损失模型，研究受热阻和回热损失影响的太阳能斯特林热机循环性能，导出空间热机效率的基本优化关系，确定太阳能集热器的最佳工作温度和效率界限，讨论各种不可逆性对空间热机性能的影响，所得结论可为太阳能空间斯特林热机的优化设计提供新的理论指导。     

Effects of environmental intervention on sedentary time,musculoskeletal comfort and work ability in office workers

Sit–stand workstations offer a potential strategy to reduce prolonged occupational sitting. This controlled intervention study examined the effects of an environmental intervention on occupational sedentary time, musculoskeletal comfort and work ability, and the usability of sit–stand workstations in office work via a self-reported questionnaire. The intervention group (n?=?24) used sit–stand workstations during the 6-month intervention period, and the control group (n?=?21) used traditional sitting workstations. The results showed that working at sit–stand workstations can reduce sitting time significantly compared to control workstations (?6.7% vs. 5.0%, p?=?.019), which is reallocated mostly to standing (r?=??0.719, p?p?=?.028), as well as work ability (p?=?.022). The majority of intervention subjects rated sit–stand workstation adjustability as good (83.3%), and 75.0% were satisfied with the workstation. About 41.7% of the intervention participants, who were exclusively female, used the sit–stand function on a daily basis. While the environmental change alone was effective, it is likely that promoting the daily use of sit–stand workstations with counselling would lead to even more substantial positive effects.     

热喷涂机器人离线编程

在介绍热喷涂机器人2种编程方法和机器人离线编程的基础上,概括叙述了从机器人离线编程阶段到应用于实际车间机器人喷涂的整个步骤;针对实际机器人喷涂过程中出现的机器人与车间里的设备碰撞的问题,提出了较好的解决方案,即建立虚拟车间;详细介绍了热喷涂虚拟车间的设计、建立步骤。实际的应用效果表明,虚拟车间的建立,避免了重大事故的发生,缩短了离线编程的时间,提高了生产率。     

用热力学浅析几个“反常”问题

通过对化学几个“反常”问题的浅析,说明热力学是一种非常有用的理论工具.     

Entanglement of two-level atoms''''quantum states in a strong thermal radiation field

The two-level atom is described by Pauli sign and environment is described by infinite harmonic particle thermal reservoir.We have studied the entanglement of two-level atoms which are put in the strongly thermal radiation field.The two-level atoms' reducible density rectangular array is obtained.We discuss the properties of entanglement by virtue of concurrence.It is shown that the two two-level atoms initially situated in different coherent superposition states,entanglement of atoms have obvious dissimilarity.     

结合专业进行毕业实习的改革

对现有的集中、统一实习方式进行改革,改过去的统一组织、统一实习的实习模式,鼓励学生在大四寒假期间,到即将分配的单位或与自己将来工作单位工作内容相近的单位实习,并在实施时建立严格的考核制度,确保实习效果,探索毕业实习方式。     

Lamaze breathing: what every pregnant woman needs to know

Lamaze breathing historically is considered the hallmark of Lamaze preparation for childbirth. This column discusses breathing in the larger context of contemporary Lamaze. Controlled breathing enhances relaxation and decreases perception of pain. It is one of many comfort strategies taught in Lamaze classes. In restricted birthing environments, breathing may be the only nonpharmacological comfort strategy available to women. Conscious breathing and relaxation, especially in combination with a wide variety of comfort strategies, can help women avoid unnecessary medical intervention and have a safe, healthy birth.     

改善户式中央空调系统热稳定性的设计实例分析

在分析户式中央空调系统热稳定性影响因素的基础上,给出了改善系统稳定性的设计措施,并结合一个别墅户式中央空调系统设计实例,从系统热稳定性的角度进行了设计分析,还指出了改善户式中央空调变频机组系统热稳定性的其他措施,为设计舒适、节能的户式中央空调系统提供参考。     

Classroom

In this section of Resonance, we invite readers to pose questions likely to be raised in a classroom situation. Wemay suggest strategies for dealingwith them, or invite responses, or both. “Classroom” is equally a forum for raising broader issues and sharing personal experiences and viewpoints on matters related to teaching and learning science.