外泌体来源的半乳糖凝集素-9预测肝移植术后排斥发生及预后（英文）

目的:外泌体及其内容物是各种肝脏疾病的潜在生物标志物。本研究探索外泌体及其内容物在肝移植排斥反应及预后中的作用。创新点:本研究发现外泌体及内含物半乳糖凝集素-9(galectin-9)在肝移植术后排斥及预后预测中发挥重要作用。方法:分别从急性排斥和肝功能稳定患者提取外泌体,进行分离、鉴定并检测其内含蛋白。候选蛋白通过在73个急性排斥病人和63个肝功能稳定病人切除肝的组织芯片中进行验证。最后将蛋白表达量和临床参数纳入Kaplan-Meier生存率和Cox回归分析。结论:外泌体来源的galectin-9可作为预测肝移植术后排斥发生及预后的生物学指标。     

同种异体肾移植26例报告

目的 总结26例肾移植的临床经验和教训。方法 回顾26例肾移植的临床资料，分析供受的状况，组织配型，移植手术，术后并发症及免疫抑制治疗方案对移植效果的影响。结果 70年代有80年代一年人／肾存活率均为33．3％／33．3％，90年代一年，三年人／肾存活率分别为90％／85％，80％／75％，超急性排斥反应发生率3．9％，急性及慢性排斥反应发生率均为11．5％，药物中毒发生率7．8％。结论 合理应用免疫抑制剂，提高外科手术，加强组织配型是提高肾移植受存活率的关键因素。     

客家文化的市场化移植问题研究

客家文化是一个庞大的资源系统。在经济全球化的背景中,我们需要对客家文化进行市场化移植,从而使客家文化真正走向市场,形成具有自己特色的文化产业。对客家文化市场化移植的现状、时代要求和形式进行探讨更有助于为客家地区带来多种效益。     

台湾现代派文学思潮批判

台湾现代派一出现便受到批判。首当其冲的是纪弦“六大信条” ,覃子豪以“六条正确原则”迎击。对现代派诗的批判 ,持续近 2 0年 ,经历三个战役 ,出现了唐文标、关杰明、高准三位理论骁勇。纪弦节节败退 ,最终宣布解散现代派。继之 ,“创世纪”的“超现实”成了众矢之的。对现代派诗的批判之后 ,又掀起了对现代派小说“西化”倾向的批判 ,赢得台湾文学向民族、向乡土的回归     

"脑死亡"的价值与挑战

脑死亡是由当代科学和医学技术进步给我们带来的一个全新问题，也涉及到复杂的经济、社会、伦理和法律等问题。脑死亡的提出意味着对于生和死的判别由经验转向了科学；凸显了大脑和心脏在人的生命系统和自我认同中的不同地位。在相当长的时期内，对于大多数社会成员来说，脑死亡标准不一定意味着对于心死亡标准的截然取代。而是将与其并存。脑死亡的实施提出了抢救生命的价值、代价和极限问题，将对生命终结标准的选择权和宣判权提出挑战，也将对人们通常的“孝”和“敬”等观念提出挑战。脑死亡的一个重要价值是有利于器官移植，而让生命以此种方式得以延续值得提倡。因此应当以一种更加开放的和进步的心态来积极推进有关脑死亡的立法。     

羊膜移植术治疗翼状胬肉的护理体会

目的探讨羊膜移植术治疗翼状胬肉手术前后的护理。方法对我院2007-2008年实施羊膜移植术的患者42例42眼实施常规护理、专科护理和密切观察病情等措施。结果42例患者中2例复发,复发率4.7%。结论有效的基础护理和专科护理可提高手术成功率,减少手术并发症的发生。     

当下武术“文化空间”生存路径论析

在如今纷繁复杂的文化环境中,传统武术文化环境受到威胁,武术“文化空间”正渐离大众视线,面临被现代化社会环境、生产方式所呑嘆的危机。因此,探索当下武术“文化空间”生存路径的意义重大且时间紧迫。为科学合理地保护传统武术文化,通过研究武术“文化空间”构建的具体方式,试图做好武术“文化空间”的复原、移植和开拓工作,让传统武术文化得以在现代化的新环境中如鱼得水。     

论萨维尼法律移植思想——基于《论立法与法学的当代使命》的考察

法律是否可移植是一个重要的理论和实践问题,流行观点根据萨维尼认为法律是民族精神的体现而认为其是反对法律移植的,其实这是一种误解。萨维尼在认识到罗马法对德国来说是外来法的前提下,不仅批判企图清除德国法律中罗马法因素的做法,而且认为保留德国法律中的罗马法渊源"亦未非不自然",更是以一贯之的做着罗马法的研究工作。从这一点出发,即便不能得出萨维尼承认普遍的法律移植是可能的话,那么至少也可以说萨维尼认为德国移植罗马法是可行和必须的。     

Effect of supplementation of vitamin E, vitamin C and reduced glutathione on copper ion induced lipoprotein oxidation in renal diseased patients—Anin vitro study

The oxidative modification of lipoprotein especially low density lipoprotein (LDL) plays a key role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Serum apolipoproteinB (apoB) level is found to be an important marker for atherosclerosis. The present paper focuses on the measurement of serum apoB levels and the effect of Vitamin E, Vitamin C and reduced glutathione on the copper ion induced oxidation of LDL + VLDL (VLDL-Very Low Density Lipoprotein) lipoprotein fraction isolated from the serum of chronic renal failure (CRF) and renal transplanted patients. The level of apoB is significantly higher in the serum of transplanted patients when compared to CRF patients and normal subjects. The level of TBARS formed in oxidized LDL + VLDL lipoprotein fraction of CRF and renal transplanted patients are significantly increased than normal even in the presence of antioxidants but the level of TBARS produced, with antioxidants is comparatively lesser than that produced by oxidized lipoprotein fraction without antioxidants. It may be concluded than that produced by oxidized lipoprotein fraction without antioxidants. It may be concluded that oxidation of LDL can be prevented at an earlier stage by Vitamin E supplementation. The supplementation with Glutathione serves as the best method of preventing the lipoprotein oxidation among the renal diseased patients.     

Enzymuria pattern in early post renal transplant period: Diagnostic usefulness in graft dysfunction

Serum creatinine does not distinguish between various causes of graft dysfunction. Serial assay of proximal tubular enzymes N-Acetyl-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), Alanine aminopeptidase (AAP) and Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) in urine was done to assess their usefulness in distinguishing various causes of graft dysfunction. Daily serum creatinine and enzymuria were measured in 32 consecutive renal allograft recipients for first 15 postoperative days. Graft dysfunction was defined as >20% increase in serum creatinine and >100% increase in enzymuria over the baseline. The diagnosis of graft dysfunction was based upon clinical criteria, ultrasonography, cyclosporin trough level, allograft biopsy, response to anti-rejection therapy and alteration of cyclosporin dosage. Fifteen episodes of graft dysfunction were identified in 15 patients. The sensitivity and specificity of the enzymes (NAG, AAP and GGT) for predicting graft dysfunction were 87.5%, 86.9%, 88.5% and 98.2%, 98.2%, 97.9% respectively. There was a significant increase in enzymuria during acute tubular necrosis (ATN) and acute rejection episode compared to cyclosporin nephrotoxicity (p<0.01). Enzymuria assay provides a simple, reliable and noninvasive method to distinguish cyclosporin nephrotoxicity from acute tubular necrosis and acute rejection in renal allograft recipients.