Managing Health Care in Oregon: The Search for a Civic Bioethics

Managed health care deliberations in Oregon point to a "civic bioethics" model to resolve allocation issues through publicly articulated community values and priorities that influence legislative action. Communication practices in the Oregon experiment provide data to develop an evaluative framework to assess public moral deliberation in value-laden contexts such as health care distribution. The Oregon experience also points to dialogical virtues to heighten citizens' ethical sensibilities and political will, discursive tools to inform ethical communication practices in a civic bioethics model.     

Managing Health Care in Oregon: The Search for a Civic Bioethics

Managed health care deliberations in Oregon point to a "civic bioethics" model to resolve allocation issues through publicly articulated community values and priorities that influence legislative action. Communication practices in the Oregon experiment provide data to develop an evaluative framework to assess public moral deliberation in value-laden contexts such as health care distribution. The Oregon experience also points to dialogical virtues to heighten citizens' ethical sensibilities and political will, discursive tools to inform ethical communication practices in a civic bioethics model.     

将“人”字写在天上:从ELSI到HELPCESS——试谈当前生命伦理讨论中的若干问题

基于作为人类社会成员的共同责任和专业科技工作者的社会责任,近年来我们积极呼吁将人文精神(Humanity)放在生命伦理讨论的首位,并关注科技与公众的关系(Public-relationship)、文化宗教多样性(Culture)、经济(Economy)、生物安全和生物防护((Bio)Safety/Security)等新问题,在从Ethics(E,伦理)扩展到ELSI(Ethical,Legal and Social Issues/Implications,伦理、法律、社会问题)的基础上,进一步扩展为HELPCESS(Humanity,Ethics,Law,Public-replationship,Culture,Economy,(Bio)Safety/Security and Society,即人文、伦理、法律、公众关系、文化、经济、生物安全/生物防护和社会),现将这些思考草拟成文,不期全面讨论生命伦理,权且抛砖引玉而已。     

生命伦理学研究的最近进展

本文对近年来新兴生物医学技术伦理学研究进行了综述,报告了干细胞研究、人一动物混合胚胎研究、干细胞研究的临床转化、生物信息库、神经科学、合成生物学和汇聚技术中的伦理问题研究的最近进展。这些新兴生物医学技术伦理学研究,包括“我们应该做什么”的实质伦理学研究,以及“我们应该怎样做”的程序伦理学研究。本文也报告了人们在探讨这些伦理问题的基础上,对这些新兴生物医学技术的政策和管理提出的种种建议。     

Capitalism’s New Handmaiden: the Biotechnical World Negotiated Through Children’s Fiction

In an era when the merger between capitalism and science becomes an accepted norm, new questions need to be asked about the ethical implications of scientific practices. One such practice is organ transplantation. However, potent debates surround the just distribution and ethical implications of organ transplantation. This paper examines the ways in which children are socialised through children’s literature to accept or challenge the dominant ideologies underpinning organ transplantation. It argues that how subjectivity is constructed informs understandings of agency, and this in turn can deliver new approaches to concerns about scientific practices. This paper draws from a conference paper delivered at the Australasian Children’s Literature Association for Research (ACLAR), Wellington, NZ, 2008. Naarah Sawers is an Alfred Deakin post doctoral researcher for Professor Clare Bradford in the school of communications and creative arts at Deakin University, Australia. Her research areas focus on representations of bioethics in fictional and filmic texts for children, and environmental ethics and agendas in computer games for children.     

Drawing on other disciplines to define quality in bioethics education

In light of the lack of scholarly studies on the determination of quality in bioethics education, this paper aims to elaborate the concept of quality, focus on its understanding in education and explore a definition of quality in bioethics education. The findings of the literature-based research indicate that quality is a multidimensional concept and its definition is largely dependent on the needs, expectations and perceptions of customers. Furthermore, in regard to quality in education, the plethora of stakeholders and different goals of each stakeholder preclude producing a unanimous definition of quality. After examining certain definitions and approaches of quality in other disciplines, quality in bioethics education is described as ‘conformance to the goals’. These goals refer to increasing ethical knowledge; improving ethical skills to strengthen ethical sensitivity, awareness and judgement; developing ethical behaviour; and promoting cultural competence.