Development of a chemically defined medium for Planctopirus limnophila to increase biomass production

BackgroundPlanctomycetes is a phylum of biofilm-forming bacteria with numerous biosynthetic gene clusters, offering a promising source of new bioactive secondary metabolites. However, the current generation of chemically defined media achieves only low biomass yields, hindering research on these species. We therefore developed a chemically defined medium for the model organism Planctopirus limnophila to increase biomass production.ResultsWe found that P. limnophila grows best with a 10 mM sodium phosphate buffer. The replacement of complex nitrogen sources with defined amino acid solutions did not inhibit growth. Screening for vitamin requirements revealed that only cyanocobalamin (B12) is needed for growth. We used response surface methodology to optimize the medium, resulting in concentrations of 10 g/L glucose, 34 mL/L Hutner’s basal salts, 23.18 mM KNO₃, 2.318 mM NH₄Cl and 0.02 mg/L cyanocobalamin. The analysis of amino acid consumption allowed us to develop a customized amino acid solution lacking six of the amino acids present in Aminoplasmal 10%. Fed-batch cultivation in a bioreactor using the optimized medium achieved a final ΔOD₆₀₀ of 46.8 ± 0.5 after 108 h, corresponding to a cell dry weight of 13.6 ± 0.7 g/L.ConclusionsThe optimized chemically defined medium allowed us to produce larger amounts of biomass more quickly than reported in earlier studies. Further research should focus on triggering P. limnophila biofilm formation to activate the gene clusters responsible for secondary metabolism.How to cite: Kruppa OC, Gerlach D, Fan R, et al. Development of a chemically defined medium for Planctopirus limnophila to increase biomass production. Electron J Biotechnol 2021;54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2021.09.002.     

碳源、氮源及其比例对香菇液体深层培养的影响

通过摇瓶培养,研究香菇液体深层培养最适发酵培养时间、最适碳源、最适氮源及最佳碳源与氮源质量配比.结果表明最适发酵培养时间为168 h,所得菌丝体干重达0.399 g/50 mL菌液,最适碳源为蔗糖,菌丝体干重达到0.396 g/50 mL菌液;最适氮源为牛肉膏,菌丝干重达到0.421 g/50 mL菌液,并通过正交实验筛选出最佳碳源与氮源质量配比为:W(蔗糖):W(牛肉膏):W(麦芽糖)=2.5:1:1.     

Kinetics study on biomass pyrolysis for fuel gas production

Kinetic knowledge is of great importance in achieving good control of the pyrolysis and gasification process and optimising system design. An overall kinetic pyrolysis scheme is therefore addressed here. The kinetic modelling incorporates the following basic steps: the degradation of the virgin biomass materials into primary products (tar, gas and semi-char), the decomposition of primary tar into secondary products and the continuous interaction between primary gas and char. The last step is disregarded completely by models in the literature. Analysis and comparison of predicted results from different kinetic schemes and experimental data on our fixed bed pyrolyser yielded very positive evidence to support our kinetic scheme. Project (No. 2001CB409600) Supported by the National Key Basic Research Program (973) of China     

Kinetics study on biomass pyrolysis for fuel gas production

INTRODUCTIONSincebiomassisanabundant,inexpensiveandrenewableresource ,itsconversiontosyn theticfuelsandchemicalproductsappearsat tractive.Amongallkindsofbiomassconversionroutes,pyrolysisisbeinggivenincreasingatten tionsincetheprocessissimpleandmaybeopti m…     

闽江口湿地互花米草地上生物量的月动态特征

利用2008年3月～10月闽江口湿地互花米草地上生物量等群落特征的调查资料,分析其地上生物量、地上生物量的绝对生长速率和相对生长速率、株高、密度的月动态特征,同时利用spss软件对生物量、株高、密度作相关分析.结果表明:①地上生物量在7月中旬达到最大值,为2658.9g/m2,其月变化经历了一个"增加-减小-缓慢增加"的过程;②绝对生长速率在5月～6月达到最大值,为32.48 g/(m~2·d),之后波动变化,在7月～8月出现负值;③相对生长速率在4月～5月达到最大值,为0.043 g/(g·d),也在7月～8月出现负值;④株高在7月份达到最高点,平均株高达219cm;密度在5月份达到最高点,为208株/m~2;⑤株高与地上生物量呈极显著正相关,而平均密度与地上生物量、平均株高则无显著相关.     

生物质潜力及其能源转换

本文预测估计了生物质未来的潜力，其能量潜力可达到现今世界总能耗的180-200倍；在生物质能的各种转换技术中，沼气技术、生物质发酵生产燃料乙醇和生物质直接燃烧发电技术已形成规模化生产和利用；生物质气化、生物质固化成形技术已开始进入规模化生产；其余技术仍处于研制试     

三江源移民安置区农户能源利用及对生态环境影响——以贵南县为例

三江源地区是长江、黄河、澜沧江三大河流的发源地,是我国重要水源涵养区,由于其生态系统十分脆弱,生态地位特殊,受到广泛的关注。本研究从三江源移民安置区农户能源利用对三江源生态系统影响的角度,使用问卷调查法、半开放式访谈法和生态系统服务功能评价法,对三江源移民安置区农户能源利用现状、农户对现有能源满意度和农户能源环保认知对三江源生态系统服务功能价值影响进行研究,结果表明:①三江源移民安置区种植农户能源利用结构较多样,以畜粪和秸秆为主要能源,放牧农户能源利用结构单一,基本依靠畜粪;②农户普遍对能源现状满意度低,放牧农户满意度低于种植农户;③农户倾向于使用环保能源,但对能源环保认知度较低,阻碍了清洁能源的广泛使用;④农户使用生物质能源导致生态系统服务功能价值每年损失约23.6737亿元。     

催化剂对亚临界水中生物质液化行为的影响

随着社会经济的发展,人类对燃料的需求量越来越大,所以近年来生物质在亚临界水中的液化反应越来越多的得到国内外科研人员的关注,以求得到石油的替代品——生物油。结合我国废生物质利用的现状,本研究用稻草为原料,以得到高产量高品质的生物油为目的,使用间歇式高温高压反应釜,在反应温度573K,压力18MPa．停留时间5min的条件下,对稻草在加入不同催化剂条件下的反应进行实验研究。实验结果表明加入适量的催化剂ZnCl2可以使生物油的产率显著增加,最高可达到32．90％,加入适量的催化剂Na2S可以使生物油的热值（HHV）显著升高,最高可达34．05MJ／kg.当两种催化剂同时加入时可以使生物油的产率和热值同时达到最大,并且使反应剩余残渣减少,并对生成的生物油进行了观察和分析。同时使用GC—MS（气相色谱一质谱联用）技术对生物油的成分进行了定性、定量分析,进一步确定了生物油的成分以及含量。     

Culture of Spirulina platensis in human urine for biomass production and O2 evolution

Attempts were made to culture Spirulina platensis in human urine directly to achieve biomass production and O2 evolution, for potential application to nutrient regeneration and air revitalization in life support system. The culture results showed that Spirulinaplatensis grows successfully in diluted human urine, and yields maximal biomass at urine dilution ratios of 140-240. Accumulation of lipid and decreasing of protein occurred due to N deficiency. O2 release rate of Spirulina platensis in diluted human urine was higher than that in Zarrouk medium.     

鸡公山自然保护区森林生物量动态模拟及其宏观价值评估

本文运用鸡公山科学考察资料及1991年森林资源清查资料,采用森林材积源生物量推算方法研究了鸡公山森林生物量及其净生物量的现状,并对生物量的动态变化规律及其宏观价值进行模拟评估.研究结果表明:1991年鸡公山森林生物量为20.1×104t,平均森林生物量为70t/hm2,略低于全国平均水平(77.4t/hm2);单位面积的净生产力为14.31t/(hm2·年),鸡公山自然保护区森林的总净生产力4.1×104t/年.从总体上看,鸡公山的森林以中幼龄林为主体,马尾松、杉木和栎类林木的平均生物量较低,分别为35.7 Mg/hm2、46.2 Mg/hm2和64.8 Mg/hm2,而次生阔杂林的平均生物量相对较高,为124.2Mg/hm2.马尾松林、杉木和栎类林的平均生物量较低,这一方面说明这类林木的质量较差,幼龄林和残次林较多,但从另一个侧面也反映了如果对现有森林加以更好的抚育管理,鸡公山森林还有很大的潜力.鸡公山森林生物量的动态模拟结果表明,鸡公山的生物量有巨大增长潜力,加强保护,生物量可从1991年的20×104t增加到2030年的36×104t.根据能值理论与方法对生物量的宏观经济价值评估,生物量的宏观经济价值也会从1991年的5 552×104美元增加到2030年的10 000×104美元.