Digital Module 16: Longitudinal Data Analysis

In this digital ITEMS module, Dr. Jeffrey Harring and Ms. Tessa Johnson introduce the linear mixed effects (LME) model as a flexible general framework for simultaneously modeling continuous repeated measures data with a scientifically defensible function that adequately summarizes both individual change as well as the average response. The module begins with a nontechnical overview of longitudinal data analyses drawing distinctions with cross-sectional analyses in terms of research questions to be addressed. Nuances of longitudinal designs, timing of measurements, and the real possibility of missing data are then discussed. The three interconnected components of the LME model—(1) a model for individual and mean response profiles, (2) a model to characterize the covariation among the time-specific residuals, and (3) a set of models that summarize the extent that individual coefficients vary—are discussed in the context of the set of activities comprising an analysis. Finally, they demonstrate how to estimate the linear mixed effects model within an open-source environment (R). The digital module contains sample R code, diagnostic quiz questions, hands-on activities in R, curated resources, and a glossary.     

Reimagining Newsroom Collaboration: How Two European News Nonprofits Are Inviting Citizens In

ABSTRACT

News nonprofits in the U.S. have been proliferating over 15 years as a way of addressing troubles in the business model for news. For these newsrooms, collaboration, with each other and with mainstream news, has emerged as a key way to build readership and attain relevance in a crowded media space. Still, past research has told us that the strong connection to mainstream news has constrained these organizations’ critique of journalism. In Europe, nonprofit news remains nascent and represents a response to declining trust in and engagement with journalism, and rising populism across the continent. Against this very different context, this study examines two players at the forefront of the European news nonprofit movement. It demonstrates the path dependency inherent in the origins of these organizations: In Europe, they are a response to a different societal change, and thus developed rather differently than did their peers in the United States, with a focus on redefining the idea of collaboration and the role of their audiences by seeing citizens as collaborators, both in the creation and in the dissemination of news. By seeing citizens as collaborators, not just readers, they work to empower and build news audiences as well as participants.     

Digital Module 05: Diagnostic Measurement—The G‐DINA Framework https://ncme.elevate.commpartners.com

In this ITEMS module, we introduce the generalized deterministic inputs, noisy “and” gate (G‐DINA) model, which is a general framework for specifying, estimating, and evaluating a wide variety of cognitive diagnosis models. The module contains a nontechnical introduction to diagnostic measurement, an introductory overview of the G‐DINA model, as well as common special cases, and a review of model‐data fit evaluation practices within this framework. We use the flexible GDINA R package, which is available for free within the R environment and provides a user‐friendly graphical interface in addition to the code‐driven layer. The digital module also contains videos of worked examples, solutions to data activity questions, curated resources, a glossary, and quizzes with diagnostic feedback.     

运动性疲劳的细胞机制及研究进展

运动性疲劳是一个十分复杂的过程，并受到多种因素的影响，迄今为止人们对其产生的机理仍未达成一致的看法。本文就运动性疲劳的机制问题对近几年来研究的热点及最新进展情况试作阐述。     

关于社区体育服务概念与几个关系的再认识

在社会转型期，我国社区体育服务尚缺乏稳定成熟的理论体系，实践中也难以形成稳定的制度化的格局。对社区体育服务的概念、政府行为与社会行为的关系、福利性与经营性的关系、社会化与专业化的关系等问题进行了研究，并提出了相应的对策，以期有助于促进我国转型期的社区体育服务事业的发展。     

物理模型与股票投资

股票投资的方法很多，建立物理模型进行投资是一种简明有效的方法，使用金字塔模型和平衡理论对股票进行操作，能把握最佳投资机会。     

<体育与健康课程标准>实施进程研究

经过反复的调查和对文献资料的分析，初步提出：体育与健康课程模式的多元化，是新“课标”由目标理念向操作化进程的有效途径。课程模式多元化，要以单元为基础，构建模块组合；以新“课标”为母体，构建子项模式；以新“课标”为依据，完善结构体系；以模式为中介，超越课程模式。     

我国中小企业融资困难的原因与对策分析

中小企业融资困难是一个普遍性问题。其原因是银行等金融机构的制度安排不尽合理,以及企业本身 管理水平低、信用差。应从银行制度创新和加强以人才为基础、财务为核心、战略为先导的企业管理等方面,提高企 业综合素质和信用水平。     

田径运动技术模式的研究

田径运动技术是指田径运动中符合人体运动科学原理、能充分发挥人体潜在能力,能有效地完成动作的合理方法、技能和手段,田径运动技术系统包括外在技术、身体技术、心理技术、社会技术和场地技术等几个部分,每个部分又包含不同的构成元素,各元素之间不同形式的联系形成了不同的田径运动技术模式.