A Review on Salivary Genomics and Proteomics Biomarkers in Oral Cancer

Oral cancer has emerged as an alarming public health problem with increasing incidence and mortality rates all over the world. Therefore, the implementation of newer screening and early detection approaches are of utmost importance which could reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with this disease. Sensitive and specific biomarkers for oral cancer are likely to be most effective for screening, diagnosis, staging and follow-up for this dreaded malignancy. Unlike other deep cancers, oral cancer is located in oral cavity. Hence, the direct contact between saliva and oral cancer lesion makes the measurement of tumor markers in saliva an attractive alternative to serum and tissue testing. The DNA, RNA and protein molecules derived from the living cancer cells can be conveniently obtained from saliva. Thus, salivary biomarkers, a non-invasive alternative to serum and tissue-based biomarkers may be an effective modality for early diagnosis, prognostication and monitoring post therapy status. In the current post-genomic era, various technologies provide opportunities for high-throughput approaches to genomics and proteomics; which have been used to evaluate altered expressions of gene and protein targets in saliva of oral cancer patients. The emerging field of salivary biomarkers has great potentials to prove its clinical significance to combat oral cancer. Hence, we have reviewed importance of several salivary genomics and proteomics biomarkers for oral cancer.     

Genomics and world health： hopes and realities

The completion of the human genome project was accompanied by quite remarkable claims about the benefits for health that would follow this out-standing scientific endeavour.In this short article,I shall try to put some of these claims into perspective.Currently,the poorer countries of the world are still suffering from the effects of malnutrition,ineffective healthcare systems,and the scourges of tuberculosis,malaria,and HIV/AIDS.The richer countries are attempting to deal with the costs of…     

SPOP Protein Revealed to Play a Key Role in Kidney Tumorigenesis

<正>The shortage of oxygen,termed as hypoxia,plays critical roles in many cancers.So far,however,very limited is known about the mechanism of hypoxia stress on the tumorigenesis.Understanding the mechanism can help the clinical treatment to many tumors.Recently,LIU Jiang’s lab from the Beijing Institute of Genomics(BIG),CAS in collaboration with the University of Chicago,     

Robust Gene Dys-Regulation in Alzheimer's Brains

<正>Recently,a team of researchers led by Prof.LEI Hongxing at the Beijing Institute of Genomics(BIG),CAS achieved a new breakthrough in their exploration into the pathogenic mechanism of the Alzheimer’s disease,a progressive neurodegenerative disorder occurring in old age.Treating and preventing Alzheimer’s disease(AD)requires better understanding of the disease’s     

组学在中医药研究中的应用

随着后基因时代的到来,“组学”成为了生命科学领域研究的新热点,其在中医药领域也得到了广泛应用。本文就基因组学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学等“组学”技术在中医证候及中药作用机制研究中的应用进行综述。     

Exploring criteria for successful query expansion in the genomic domain

Query Expansion is commonly used in Information Retrieval to overcome vocabulary mismatch issues, such as synonymy between the original query terms and a relevant document. In general, query expansion experiments exhibit mixed results. Overall TREC Genomics Track results are also mixed; however, results from the top performing systems provide strong evidence supporting the need for expansion. In this paper, we examine the conditions necessary for optimal query expansion performance with respect to two system design issues: IR framework and knowledge source used for expansion. We present a query expansion framework that improves Okapi baseline passage MAP performance by 185%. Using this framework, we compare and contrast the effectiveness of a variety of biomedical knowledge sources used by TREC 2006 Genomics Track participants for expansion. Based on the outcome of these experiments, we discuss the success factors required for effective query expansion with respect to various sources of term expansion, such as corpus-based cooccurrence statistics, pseudo-relevance feedback methods, and domain-specific and domain-independent ontologies and databases. Our results show that choice of document ranking algorithm is the most important factor affecting retrieval performance on this dataset. In addition, when an appropriate ranking algorithm is used, we find that query expansion with domain-specific knowledge sources provides an equally substantive gain in performance over a baseline system.

基于营养基因组学的新视点在运动营养学中的应用展望

近些年来,随着分子生物学的发展,基因组学、营养基因组学等新兴学科在生命科学领域得到应用,并迅速成为营养学研究的新前沿。应用营养基因组学建立运动员营养素利用效率的评价体系和方法,将为更深一步认识运动过程中营养素如何影响代谢途径和机体稳态控制,发现与营养有关分子调节与基因型的关系提供有效的科学依据。重点介绍营养基因组学的最新研究与内容,并对其在运动营养学领域中的研究趋势作一展望。