Comparing cumulative index and factor analytic approaches to measuring maltreatment in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health

Child maltreatment is a complex and multifaceted construct in need of advanced statistical techniques to improve its measurement. The current study compared the predictive utility of a cumulative index to a factor analytic approach for constructing a measure of maltreatment. Data were from Waves III and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Wave III: n = 14,800; Wave IV: n = 12,288). As adults, participants retrospectively reported on their childhood experiences of physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, physical neglect, supervisory neglect, and social services investigations. Both the cumulative index and a two-factor solution showed evidence of convergent validity, predicting lifetime incidence of homelessness, being paid for sex, and various measures of running away or living apart from biological parents, and prospectively predicting depression, substance use, and criminal behavior. The latent variables, derived from a factor analytic approach, had greater explanatory power for many outcomes compared to the cumulative index, even when controlling for sociodemographic variables. Results suggest that factor analysis is a better methodology than a cumulative index for measuring maltreatment in large datasets when explanatory power for external outcomes is of greatest concern.     

论竞技体育对学校体育的影响

举国体制下,竞技体育对我国群众体育和学校体育的发展有着重要的引领作用。在国家大力推进"体教融合"的今天,探究竞技体育对学校体育发展的影响显得尤为必要。据此,本研究分别从竞技体育对学校体育文化的影响、对学生人格发展的影响、对学校体育教学的影响3个角度进行了论述,旨在为促进我国体教融合,推动学校体育健康有序发展提供思路。     

高水平射击运动员心理选材指标的研究

本文通过与射击运动紧密相关的五项心理指标：简单反应时、肩臂动作稳定性、手指本体感、智力、个性等的分析讨论，拟从高水平健将级运动员身上明确其成功潜在的心理因素，服务于运动员的科学选材。     

过度运动对大鼠海马脑源性神经营养因子的影响

观察过度运动对海马神经元脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)的影响,探讨过度运动导致的海马神经元形态改变与BDNF的关系.大鼠6周递增负荷游泳运动后取海马制作石蜡切片,采用SABC免疫组织化学染色方法观察BDNF的变化.结果发现:过度运动后大鼠海马发生形态变化,发生结构变化的神经元的BDNF表达增加.     

Correlates of verbally aggressive communication in adolescents

This investigation identifies demographic, media, and social correlates of verbally aggressive communication in adolescence. Mail surveys were completed and returned by 2,300 adolescents between the ages of 13 and 15. These adolescents were asked about the prevalence of verbal and physical aggression, the context in which it occurred, demographics, and the interpersonal and media influences in their lives. The results indicate that verbal aggression is widespread, that committing and experiencing verbal aggression is largely reciprocal, that there is a strong relationship between committing verbal and physical aggression, and that peer social influence and listening to violently oriented music are mildly related to verbal aggression in adolescents. These findings suggest more resources should be allocated to teaching adolescents to understand and control verbal aggression. Further, they provide important answers to many prevention and intervention programmatic questions, including context, content, and targeting concerns. Since the negative consequences of verbal aggression are severe and long lasting, decreasing this destructive communication behavior should significantly improve the lives of many adolescents. These and other practical implications are expanded upon and discussed.     

避讳造词及其对汉语言发展的影响

避讳造词是多种造词法的综合运用,它的产生或出于宗教迷信心理,或由于对统治者的敬畏,或出于某种美好的愿望。这种造词方式产生的词语在客观上促进了汉语言的丰富和发展,有利于语言的完善和繁荣。但是,不必要的避讳造词也给汉语言的发展带来了消极影响,给人们带来了负担和不便。     

松本君平《新闻学》一书的汉译与影响

《新闻学》一书在1901年已经由译书汇编社完成汉译,但未获出版。从1903年商务印书馆所刊行的《新闻学》一书的广告、征引和著录等情况看,它在当时产生了不小的影响,这种影响主要来自它对记者势力略显夸张的描述。     

网络链接分析研究进展

本文对网络链接分析研究的进展情况作了较为全面、详细的介绍，并分析了目前网络链接分析研究中存在的问题。     

多学科融合对我国情报学教育的影响

当前,情报学在研究内容和研究方法上不断向多学科融合方向迈进。多学科融合对我国的情报学教育产生了广泛而深远的影响。情报学教育工作者在新的环境面前,既要重视维护情报学的学科地位,也要重视推进教育模式的创新、加强教育资源的合理配置。