动物医学专业形态学实验教学模式改革初探

动物医学专业形态学实验教学是动物医学本科教学体系的重要组成部分,为了提高实验教学效果,对形态学实验教学模式进行了改革:将动物解剖学、组织胚胎学和病理学的实验内容划分为基本实验项目模块和形态学综合实验模块,通过实验课程内容的整合,减少了实验内容的重复率,加大了学科内容知识点的联系,增加了综合性实验和研究性实验内容.问卷调查显示,本次所进行的动物形态学实验教学模式改革取得了较好的效果.     

眼子菜属、角果藻属和水麦冬属花粉形态的研究

 利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜，对我国眼子菜属、角果藻属和水麦冬属1 9种植物的花粉形 态进行了研究。在对比观察的基础上，总结了各属的特征，归纳了眼子菜属的花粉类型，并讨论了一些有关分类的问题。     

中国罗汉松科花粉形态研究

本文用光学显微镜，结合扫描电镜和透射电镜对我国罗汉松科podocarpaceae植物花粉外壁的细微结构做了深入的研究，对比了我国仅有的两属花粉的形态特征，同时与形态上相似的松科花粉进行了比较，指出了它们之间的区别。     

Searching strategies for the Bulgarian language

This paper reports on the underlying IR problems encountered when indexing and searching with the Bulgarian language. For this language we propose a general light stemmer and demonstrate that it can be quite effective, producing significantly better MAP (around + 34%) than an approach not applying stemming. We implement the GL2 model derived from the Divergence from Randomness paradigm and find its retrieval effectiveness better than other probabilistic, vector-space and language models. The resulting MAP is found to be about 50% better than the classical tf idf approach. Moreover, increasing the query size enhances the MAP by around 10% (from T to TD). In order to compare the retrieval effectiveness of our suggested stopword list and the light stemmer developed for the Bulgarian language, we conduct a set of experiments on another stopword list and also a more complex and aggressive stemmer. Results tend to indicate that there is no statistically significant difference between these variants and our suggested approach. This paper evaluates other indexing strategies such as 4-gram indexing and indexing based on the automatic decompounding of compound words. Finally, we analyze certain queries to discover why we obtained poor results, when indexing Bulgarian documents using the suggested word-based approach.     

HPS: High precision stemmer

Research into unsupervised ways of stemming has resulted, in the past few years, in the development of methods that are reliable and perform well. Our approach further shifts the boundaries of the state of the art by providing more accurate stemming results. The idea of the approach consists in building a stemmer in two stages. In the first stage, a stemming algorithm based upon clustering, which exploits the lexical and semantic information of words, is used to prepare large-scale training data for the second-stage algorithm. The second-stage algorithm uses a maximum entropy classifier. The stemming-specific features help the classifier decide when and how to stem a particular word.     

铃兰族(广义)花粉形态与叶表皮特征的研究

对铃兰族(广义)7个属分别作了花粉(17种)扫描电镜观察和叶表皮(12种)的光学显微镜和 扫描电镜观察。花粉可分为8个类型。在狭义的铃兰族的4个属内，花粉全为远极单槽，舟状。它们 的外壁除夏须草属外，都具细孔。夏须草属的花粉外壁则为细皱。  Hutchinson(1934)的蜘蛛抱蛋族 花粉形态变异很大，其中开口箭属和万年青属的花粉为远极单槽，舟形，外壁具穿孔或网纹，而蜘蛛抱 蛋属的花粉则为球状，无萌发孔。其间的显著差异支持Nakai为前两个属建立万年青族(Rohdeae)。 表1归纳了7个属的花粉形态；图1是我们对铃兰族(广义)花粉形态演化的见解。叶表皮观察表明，气 孔器为无规则型，上表皮角质层主要为条纹加厚，或均匀加厚，而铃兰属的角质层秕糠状加厚。7个属的叶表皮特征归纳于表2。     

我国椴树科花粉形态的研究

 本文对分布于我国的椴树科(Tiliaceae)9属44种植物的花粉形态进行了光学显微镜   的系统观察，并对其中10种花粉的外壁细微结构进行了扫描电镜观察。本科花粉为长球形、   扁球形和球形，萌发孔为长3孔沟、短3孔沟和3(一4)孔三种类型，外壁主要为网状纹饰，个  别属为刺状纹饰。根据花粉资料，本文还探讨了该科植物分类中的某些问题。     

中国天胡荽、变豆菜两亚科花粉形态的观察

本文报道了天胡荽亚科和变豆菜亚科的5属30种和2变种的花粉形态。研究表明，这两亚科有 6种花粉类型，两亚科的花粉类型不相同但各自有相对的一致性，说明它们是两个自然类群；花粉形态的证据还说明了马蹄芹属归于天胡妥亚科的正确性等。     

Morphological priming effects on children’s spelling

Previous research has suggested that children in the early grades of primary school do not have much awareness of morphemes. In this study, a priming paradigm was used to try to detect early signs of morphological representation of stems through a spelling task presented to Portuguese children (N = 805; age range 6–9 years). Primes shared the stem with the targets and contained well-articulated, stressed vowels; the stems of the target words and pseudo-words contained non-stressed schwa vowels, which typically result in spelling difficulties. If priming proved effective, the well-articulated vowels in the prime should result in an improvement in the spelling of the schwa vowels. Primes were presented in two conditions: in only-oral or in oral-plus-written form. Effectiveness of priming was assessed by comparison with a no-priming condition. For both words and pseudowords, there was a significant interaction between priming effects and grade. No priming effects were detected in 6- and 7-year-old children; oral-plus-written priming produced higher rates of correct vowel spelling for 8- and 9-year-olds; only-oral priming was effective in improving the vowel spelling of 9-year-olds. Thus older children can use morphological information under priming conditions when the prime and the target are not phonologically transparent but there is no evidence to suggest that younger children do so.