Restorative Practice in New Zealand Schools: Social development through relational justice

This article proposes that restorative justice practices (RJPs), as used in New Zealand schools, are better understood as an instrument of social development than a behaviour management practice. Concerns about the achievement of Māori students are relocated, from an individualised psychological and pedagogical problem to an interdisciplinary context of historical and social development. Social constructionist theory is suggested as a lens through which RJPs in schools may be seen as the intentional production of respectful social relationships, rather than as behaviour management. A restorative process has the productive capacity to restore healthy relational functioning, both for those who have been offended against and those who have offended. It is argued that the primary function of restorative justice in schools is not about resolving specific conflicts, but rather, about the production and maintenance of respectful relationship, which is the antithesis of colonised relationship. Such a position reflects accountability on a communal, rather than individualised basis, and accords with recent moves in the United Nations Development Programme to look at Human Development as building agentive capacity.     

试论第二语言习得中的非智力因素

非智力因素是第二语言习得中的重要因素。积极运用非智力因素可以促进第二语言的习得。教师应运用多种途径帮助语言学习者激发非智力因素,提高学习效率。     

Stories of Haka and Women’s Rugby in Aotearoa New Zealand: Weaving Identities and Ideologies Together

Abstract

Sociology and history are intimately related to each other and cannot be clearly separated or isolated from each other which resonates with a Māori view of time (the past, present, and future are not distinct entities) and realms (the spiritual and human in particular). This paper uses pūrākau and storytelling to explore how haka performed by strong women in tribal narratives, in Māori contexts, and in women’s rugby creates a more nuanced understanding of the embodied discourses associated with intersecting identities (gender, race, ethnicity, class) in and around the sport of rugby union. As a Māori woman, heavily invested in the sport of rugby union, how did the words and actions of Māori women from my past influence my present and my future and how was this embodied and experienced through haka? In particular, my 10 years as a member of the New Zealand women’s rugby team and my understanding of the histories or pūrākau (tribal stories) of strong women in te ao Māori (the Māori world) inform this paper. This will help to illustrate how history and sociology are intimately connected and highlights how intersecting stories told through time, from different perspectives can influence key learnings in sport.     

Individual Learner Factors Affecting Second Language Acquisition

In Second Language Acquisition(short for SLA) research,the study of individual learner factors plays an important role.In this paper,discussion will be restricted to five general individual learner factors which have received the most attention in SLA research:age,cognitive style,personality,motivation and attitude.The research will,to some extent,not only develop the SLA theory,but also enhance learners’ judgments to their own individual learner factors.It can also shed light on the practical foreign language learning.     

物联网关键技术与发展

物联网被称为继计算机、互联网之后世界信息产业第三次浪潮。文章首先解析物联网的基本概念和特征、物联网体系架构,然后归纳物联网涉及的关键技术,最后总结物联网标准化发展现状、问题,并提出物联网标准化发展建议。     

三个连续的发现与用几何方法研究数论的新构想

在对毛比斯面的证明方法的深入研究中，发现了一种证明方法——“递推法”；在对“递推法”的进一步探索中，发现了一类新几何体——“棱环体”；在研究“棱环体”的边数的变化规律中，得到了一张“数表”，对“数表”的进一步研究，又相继发现了“最大公约数定理”、“素数规律”等．“棱环体”的发现，引发了“扭曲几何学”的构想；“数表”的发现，为一种新的数论研究方法——“数论的几何研究法”的提出，奠定了基础。     

论罗斯福“新政”的货币政策

从某种角度说，美国1929—1933年经济危机是美国国民收入骤降、国民财产损失巨大而形成的一种严重货币荒，人民群众购买力剧减、消费远远落后于生产，美国经济处于难以继续运转的僵化状态。罗斯福“新政”的货币政策，就是为了将美国经济从这种僵化状态解救出来而制订的。它的基本内容是放弃金本位制，实行有控制的通货膨胀。由于罗斯福是个平衡预算的信徒，不相信凯恩斯的货币理论，他始终拒绝将通货膨胀提高到这种理论要求的水平，直到二战前，“新政”货币政策虽有可能完全克服1929—1933年经济济危机，实际上却只是基本上而没有完全克服那次危机。     

试谈情感因素对二语习得的影响

本文通过讨论焦虑，抑制，性格的内向和外向，自尊心以及动机这五个方面与二语习得的关系，旨在探讨个人情感因素如何对二语习得产生影响，以及针对一些消极情感，如何采取响应的措施，防微杜渐，尽量克服甚至消除由此带来的负面影响，从而取得满意的学习效果。     

胺碘酮、心律平对犬缺血M细胞电生理的影响

目的:临床试验表明,Ⅰ类抗心律失常药物虽能抑制心肌梗塞病人的室性心律失常,但增加死亡率,而胺碘酮(Ⅲ类药物)可提高心肌缺血患者的生存率.心室中层肌细胞(M细胞)有其独特的电生理特性并在心律失常发生中起重要作用.方法:采用细胞内玻璃微电极技术,用含胺碘硐或心律平的模拟缺血液灌流M细胞,了解在缺血情况下,两种药物分别对M细胞电生理有何影响.结果:(1)犬左心室M细胞的动作电位呈现出与心外膜层肌细胞相似的峰-谷-穹窿(spike and dome)形态;动作电位时程(APD)随基础起搏周长(BCL)延长而明显延长,即频率依赖性.(2)模拟缺血使M细胞的静息电位(RP)除极、动作电位幅值(APA)和Vmax减小、APD缩短,其APD的频率依赖性减弱或消失.(3)胺碘硐可延缓或减轻缺血引起的电生理变化.(4)心律平明显抑制M细胞的Vmax、APA,并随频率加快而作用增强.进一步加重了缺血引起的动作电位参数的改变,并可造成传导延缓或阻滞.结论:胺碘酮可减轻而心律平则加重缺血引起的M细胞的电生理改变.部分地解释了上述临床试验的结果.     

"双微"整合教学模式与开发学生多元智能的尝试及思考

根据教学实践，提出将计算机辅助教学和微型实验这两种教学手段，有机整合，形成一种切合当前教学实际的教学手段。用实例证明，通过“双微”整合教学，能取得良好的教学效果。