An empirical study on the determinants of essential patent claims in compatibility standards

In the field of compatibility standards, an increasing number of companies claim to own so-called essential patents (i.e. those patents that are indispensable for designing and manufacturing products conforming to the standard). It is widely believed that the ownership of such patents is a very valuable bargaining tool in cross-license negotiations, while for non-producing firms such patents may result in a substantial stream of licensing revenues. In this paper we study the determinants of essential patent claims in compatibility standards. In particular, we assess the role of two main factors: the significance of the technological solution contained in the patent and the involvement of the applicant of the patent in the standardisation process. We examine the case of W-CDMA, one of the most successful standards in mobile telecommunications. We compare the patents claimed essential for this standard with a control group of randomly selected, unclaimed patents covering the same time period and technology classes. We find empirical evidence that both factors have significant impact on the probability that a patent is claimed as essential, but the involvement in the standardisation process is a stronger determinant than the technical value (‘merit’) of the patent. On the basis of our findings, we offer policy recommendations.     

应用于W-CDMA的单片InGaP/GaAs HBT功率放大器

设计了一款微波单片集成电路功率放大器.该放大器采用了一种新颖的在片偏置电路技术,不仅避免了由于电源和温度变化导致的直流偏置点的不稳定,而且补偿了由于输入信号增大所引起的交流偏置点的偏离.电流镜结构的偏置电路与反馈电路使偏置电压维持在一个稳定的状态,在反馈电路中引入一个非反相电路提高了电路增益.通过在偏置管的基极并联一个...     

浅述cdma2000及其与W-CDMA的比较

对CDMA技术中的cdma2000技术进行讨论，详细分析其技术特征、网路结构和接口协议，并就CDMA的两大主题：cdma2000和W—CDMA技术特性的差异和相容性进行了适当的探讨和比较。     

3G终端发展现状及未来趋势特征

目前,国际上3G手机(3G handsets)有3种制式标准:欧洲的W-CDMA标准、美国的CDMA2000标准和由我国科学家提出的TD-SCDMA标准.分析比较了3G的三大主流标准及其终端的发展现状和各自特点,在此基础上预测了3G终端未来的趋势特征.     

第三代移动通信技术分析

移动通信的发展由第一代模拟调频(FM)和频分多址(FDMA)为主要特征的移动通信系统,经过以时分多址(TDMA)和码分多址(CDMA)为特征的第二代移动通信系统及以GPRS和CDMA2000-1X为代表的第二代半通信系统,进而发展到以CDMA为主流技术的第三代移动通信系统。CDMA主要包括3种:W-CDMA、CDMA2000和TD-SCDMA。本文对这三种技术的特点作了分析和比较,并探讨了适合国情的自主产权的TD-SCDMA系统。