仿生嗅觉和味觉传感技术的研究进展

生物嗅觉和味觉系统具有敏锐的气味和味质感知能力,被认为是自然界最高效的感测系统之一。随着人类社会的发展,气味和味质传感与检测技术对于提高人类的生存质量,保障人类健康具有越来越重要的意义,已被广泛应用于食品安全、环境监测和疾病诊断等领域。文章介绍了仿生嗅觉和味觉传感技术的发展,包括电子鼻和电子舌化学传感技术,基于生物敏感材料的仿生嗅觉和味觉传感技术的原理、组成、技术实现及其应用;此外,还介绍了基于脑机交互的新型在体生物电子鼻和电子舌的研究进展;并对国际上仿生嗅觉和味觉传感技术领域的发展趋势进行了展望。     

Bioinspired hierarchical helical nanocomposite macrofibers based on bacterial cellulose nanofibers

Bio-sourced nanocellulosic materials are promising candidates for spinning high-performance sustainable macrofibers for advanced applications. Various strategies have been pursued to gain nanocellulose-based macrofibers with improved strength. However, nearly all of them have been achieved at the expense of their elongation and toughness. Inspired by the widely existed hierarchical helical and nanocomposite structural features in biosynthesized fibers exhibiting exceptional combinations of strength and toughness, we report a design strategy to make nanocellulose-based macrofibers with similar characteristics. By combining a facile wet-spinning process with a subsequent multiple wet-twisting procedure, we successfully obtain biomimetic hierarchical helical nanocomposite macrofibers based on bacterial cellulose nanofibers, realizing impressive improvement in their tensile strength, elongation and toughness simultaneously. The achievement certifies the validity of the bioinspired hierarchical helical and nanocomposite structural design proposed here. This bioinspired design strategy provides a potential platform for further optimizing or creating many more strong and tough nanocomposite fiber materials for diverse applications.