有氧运动对血脂代谢影响的生物学机制

高脂血症是人体内脂质代谢失常,血浆中脂质浓度超过正常限度的一种病症,其发生多由于外源性脂质摄入过多或内源性脂质代谢紊乱所致。本文通过文献综述,探讨有氧运动对降低人体血脂的生物学机制,为治疗高脂血症提供理论依据。     

内容与方法: 内隐自尊的探索与问题

目的：观察以高脂膳食诱导的C57BL／6J小鼠脂肪肝和血脂的变化以及有氧运动对它们的改善作用。方法：以高脂膳食诱导的脂肪肝小鼠为模型．分析有氧运动20周后脂肪肝及血清TC，TG，HDL—c，LDL-c和VLDL—c水平的变化。结果：H组血清TC、TG、LDL—c水平显著高于其他各组，而VLDL-c显著降低：RE组血清TG、TC、LDL-c的水平显著降低，且与N组没有显著差异；RS组TG、TC、LDL—c有降低的趋势，但显著高于正常对照组；N组血清HDL-c显著低于HS、RS和RE组（P〈0．05），而HS、RS与RE组之间无显著差异；肝脏中脂滴数高脂膳食组（H组）显著高于其他各组，恢复正常膳食不运动组（RS组）显著高于恢复正常膳食结合运动组（RE组），正常对照组（N组）与RE组间无显著差异；脂肪肝的病变程度与TC、TG、LDL-c呈显著正相关，与VLDL—c呈显著负相关，与HDL—c呈正相关，但无显著性。结论：运动与改善膳食结构相结合，对高脂所致的高脂血症和脂肪肝．比单纯的改善膳食结构具有更明显的治疗效果。     

基于代谢组学研究有氧运动对高脂血症的治疗作用及其生物化学作用机制

摘要：目的：应用基于超高压液相色谱-质谱联用（UPLC-MS）的代谢组学平台研究有氧运动对高脂饲料诱导高脂血症的治疗效果,阐明其生物化学作用机制。方法：用高脂饲料喂饲大鼠6周,同时进行有氧运动干预。采用UPLC-MS测定正常组、模型组及有氧运动组大鼠血清,采用偏最小二乘判别分析研究对照组、模型组及有氧运动组之间的代谢物谱差异,采用Markerlynx软件鉴定生物标示物。结果：偏最小二乘判别分析结果显示鉴定的代谢产物包括9个溶血卵磷脂、6个脂肪酸、2个鞘脂和1个氨基酸。在高脂血症模型中,高脂饲料干扰了溶血卵磷脂和脂肪酸类代谢产物的正常代谢。溶血卵磷脂和脂肪酸类代谢产物是是高脂饲料诱导的高脂血症的生物标示物。有氧运动对鉴定的生物标示物存在不同程度的逆转作用,改善了异常的脂质代谢途径。结论：研究表明,UPLC-MS平台可用于观察有氧运动对高脂血症治疗的大鼠血清代谢组学变化,溶血卵磷脂和脂肪酸类代谢产物是高脂饲料诱导的高脂血症的生物标示物,溶血卵磷脂和脂肪酸的异常代谢是高脂血症的主要生物化学作用机制。有氧运动对这些生物标示物有不同程度的逆转作用,表明有氧运动对高脂血症有一定程度的治疗作用。     

中医药对血脂异常大鼠调脂作用的实验研究概况

血脂异常是动脉粥样硬化(AS)、心脏病、中风和脂肪肝的主要危害因素之一,寻找安全有效的降血脂药物一直是广大医卫工作者的努力方向和研究重点。而实验研究作为临床研究的基础由为重要,文章总结近年来中医药对血脂异常大鼠调脂作用的实验研究进行总结。     

桔皮果胶降脂和抗凝的实验观察

普通饲料加入15％果胶连续饲养10d,能显著降低正常小鼠血清总胆固醇.用10％果胶分别拌入普通饲料与高脂饲料中喂养大鼠,结果不仅能使普通饲饵的大鼠血清TC、TG及TC/HDL-ch的比值显著下降,而且能降低高脂血大鼠的血脂,减少肝组织内的脂质沉积,同时还有降低高脂模型大鼠血浆粘度比,抑制血小板聚集的作用。     

Hypolipidemic Activity of Cassia tora Seeds in Hyperlipidemic Rats

The hypolipidemic activity of Cassia tora (Chakvat, Chakunda) (Family: Caesalpiniaceae) seeds extract have been studied in two models of hyperlipidemia in rats. In an acute model, hyperlipidemia was induced by injecting a single dose of Triton WR-1339 (400 mg/kg, b.w.) intraperitonially in rats. Feeding with C. tora seed extract at the dose of 500 mg/kg, b.w. exerted significant lipid lowering effect as assessed by the reversal of plasma levels of total cholesterol, phospholipids, triglyceride and reactivation of post heparin lipolytic activity. In the chronic model, hyperlipidemia was induced by feeding with cholesterol rich-HFD in rats. The treatment with seeds extract of C. tora (500 mg/kg, b.w.) simultaneously for 15 days also caused lowering of lipid levels in plasma and liver following reactivation of plasma post heparin lipolytic activity and hepatic lipoprotein lipase activity in animals. The hypolipidemic activity of C. tora seeds was compared with a standard drug guggulipid (200 mg/kg, b.w.) in both models.     

有氧运动改善饮食性高脂血症分子机理的研究Ⅰ——有氧游泳运动对高脂血症大鼠血清脂质、脂蛋白和载脂蛋白水平的影响

运动预防高脂血症的发生和发展是临床医学和运动医学领域内的重要课题之一。在以往研究工作基础上 ,从建立高脂高胆固醇膳食诱导 SD大鼠高脂血症的实验动物模型和有氧运动训练的模型入手 ,观察高脂、高胆固醇膳食对大鼠血清脂质、脂蛋白和载脂蛋白水平的影响以及有氧游泳运动对其的预防和改善作用。结果表明 :有氧游泳运动可在一定程度上对抗和缓解高脂高胆固醇膳食对血清脂质、脂蛋白的不利影响。其分子机理 ,如运动对载脂蛋白、脂代谢关键酶和受体基因表达影响的研究正在进行中     

高血脂症患者的营养食谱设计

近几年．我国高血脂症患病率逐渐增高。针对高血脂症患者的生理生活特点,运用营养学知识选择合适的食物原料,进行科学合理的膳食安排,通过营养食谱来改善高血脂症患者的饮食结构,辅助治疗高血脂症。     

Investigation of unusual high serum indices for lipemia in clear serum samples on Siemens analysers Dimension

Introduction:

We present our work of monitoring 202 different patients with markedly elevated serum index for lipemia whereby serum samples were clear. We tried to clarify the cause of occurrence of these indices which were detected in the years 2006–2010 on Siemens Dimension analyzers.

Materials and methods:

In samples with unusual lipemia index we measured the concentration of lipids (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL cholesterol, Lp(a), ApoA1, ApoB), total proteins and checked for possible interferents (rheumatoid factor, immunoglobulins). We performed serum protein and immuno- electrophoresis. We investigated the repeatability of unusual lipemia indices during the day and after different time periods and we compared them on four different analyzers (RXL Max, Vista, Hitachi 911 and former Olympus AU640).

Results:

In 87% of 202 samples we found a monoclonal or biclonal peak in serum protein electrophoresis. Different types of paraproteins were confirmed with immunofixation electrophoresis. In the remaining 13%, polyclonal elevated concentrations of immunoglobulins were measured. Other parameters had no influence on appearing of these indices. The repeatability of indices was good during the first day of measurements (P values > 0.05) and markedly lower in the next days or after 3 and 12 months (P values < 0.05). The indices were elevated only on Dimension analyzers, but not on Hitachi and former Olympus analysers.

Conclusion:

A markedly elevated lipemia index in a clear serum sample measured on Siemens analyzers Dimension indicates a high possibility for the presence of a paraprotein in the sample.     

运动与高脂血症

脂代谢异常是动脉粥样硬化、冠心病最重要的致病因素，高脂血症是脂代谢异常的一种。目前运动治疗被认为是综合防治高脂血症的有力手段之一．就血脂的生理功能和病理变化、运动对血脂成分的影响、运动影响血脂水平的机制、高脂血患者的运动处方等方面进行了阐述。