鸭绿江茴鱼肠道粘膜上皮扫描电镜观察

文中利用扫描电镜技术对鸭绿江茴鱼肠道粘膜进行观察和研究,结果表明前肠皱褶是沿着肠管方向呈波浪状,中肠则表现为锯齿状,后肠的皱褶则呈现为无序的瘤状;中、后肠微绒毛多且呈明显的簇状;杯状细胞从前肠到后肠数量明显增多．     

PRRSV弱毒疫苗鼻腔接种对母猪子宫黏膜内淋巴细胞的影响

试验研究了猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)弱毒疫苗鼻腔接种对母猪子宫黏膜内淋巴细胞分布的影响.试验选用4月龄长白×大约克夏二元杂交母猪12头.结果表明:鼻腔接种可使猪子宫角、体和颈黏膜上皮内淋巴细胞的数量较对照组增加,差异显著(P＜0.01).经鼻腔接种时,子宫黏膜固有层中多见淋巴细胞聚集成群,并向黏膜腔表面排放.说明PRRSV弱毒疫苗鼻腔接种对母猪子宫黏膜及上皮内淋巴细胞的分布具有显著影响.     

过度训练对肠黏膜屏障的影响及植物多糖的干预作用

过度训练对机体刺激-应答反应具有强烈刺激作用,长时间、大强度的训练会导致肠道屏障功能受损,发生运动性胃肠综合征。植物多糖作为一种天然有机化合物具有免疫调节、抗肿瘤、抗衰老、抗氧化等多种生物活性。本文主要阐述过度训练对机体肠黏膜屏障的影响以及复合植物多糖干预对机体肠黏膜的保护作用。     

Enhancive effect of N,N′-dinitrosopiperazine on inducing precancerous lesion on nasal and/or nasopharyngeal epithelia of TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT mice

Objective  To investigate the enhancive effect of N,N′-dinitrosopiperazine (DNP) on induced carcinogenesis in nasal and/or nasopharyngeal epithelia among TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT transgenic mice to examine the underlying mechanism for the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods  TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT transgenic mice and the same strain of C₅₇BL/6J wild-type mice both at the age of 5 months were randomly divided into 2 groups in parallel, respectively, i.e., TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT cancerous lesion-inducing group (TI), TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT control group (TC), C₅₇BL/6J cancerous lesion-inducing group (CI), and C₅₇BL/6J control group (CC). TI and CI mice were treated only with DNP for 16 weeks, twice each week, while TC and CC mice were given the same volume of saline as controls. At the end of treatment, animals were sacrificed to collect epithelial tissue samples from nasal cavity and nasopharynx for pathohistological evaluation by haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and for determination on the expression of TRAF2, c-Jun, and p16 by immunohistochemistry. Results  Atypical hyperplasia was more significant in the samples of TI than in those of TC, CI, and CC, with the rates of lesions being 90%, 10%, 0, and 0 (P<0.01) respectively, though DNP was used alone in a much shortened inducing period at less dosage and without the use of carcinogenic promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate as usual. The expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) and c-Jun in these samples were significantly up-regulated in TI (P<0.01), while the expression of p16 was significantly lower in TI than in the other groups (P<0.01). Conclusion  TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT mice hold inherited constitutional defect in immune surveillance function, which can be aggravated by environmental carcinogens, such as DNP used even though in a much less strength. The enhanced carcinogenesis-inducing effect of DNP on TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT mice should be closely associated with abnormal signaling of activator protein-1 (AP-1) pathway, especially up-regulated expressions of TRAF2 and c-Jun, and down-regulated expression of p16. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 30672738, 30572455 and 30572408), Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars (No. 03JJY1006) and for General Projects (Nos. 05JJ40029 and 07JJ6038), the Research Foundation of Hunan Provincial Scientific and Technological Department for International Cooperative Academic Projects (No. 06WK3016), and the Research Foundation of Hunan Provincial Education Department for Outstanding Young Scholars (No. 06B070), China     

Salivary hormones and anxiety in winners and losers of an international judo competition

The purpose of this study was to investigate the responses of salivary hormones and salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) and anxiety in winners and losers during an international judo competition. Twenty-three trained, male, national-level judo athletes provided three saliva samples during a competition day: morning, in anticipation of competition after an overnight fast, mid-competition, and post-competition within 15 min post-fight for determination of salivary cortisol, salivary testosterone, salivary testosterone/cortisol ratio, SIgA absolute concentrations, SIgA secretion rate and saliva flow rate. The competitive state anxiety inventory questionnaire was completed by the athletes (n = 12) after the first saliva collection for determination of somatic anxiety, cognitive anxiety and self-confidence. Winners were considered 1-3 ranking place (n = 12) and losers (n = 11) below third place in each weight category. Winners presented higher anticipatory salivary cortisol concentrations (p = 0.03) and a lower mid-competition salivary testosterone/cortisol ratio (p = 0.003) compared with losers with no differences for salivary testosterone. Winners tended to have higher SIgA secretion rates (p = 0.07) and higher saliva flow rates (p = 0.009) at mid-competition. Higher levels of cognitive anxiety (p = 0.02) were observed in the winners, without differences according to the outcome in somatic anxiety and self-confidence. The results suggest that winners experienced higher levels of physiological arousal and better psychological preparedness in the morning, and as the competition progressed, the winners were able to control their stress response better.     

Mutants of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin and cholera toxin as mucosal adjuvants

Heat-labile enterotoxin(LT) and cholera toxin(CT) are highly homologous (82 % at the amino acid level), they are the causative factors of travelers diarrhea and cholera respectively[1]. When co-stimulating the surface of the mucosal with antigens, these toxins induce significantly immunological reaction [2]. Because of this character, LT and CT are widely used as mucosal adjuvants in non-human animal models. But the high toxicity and allergenicity caused by IgE antibody (Ab) responded to b…     

霍乱毒素B亚单位免疫佐剂的研究进展

简要介绍了霍乱毒素B亚单位（CTB）佐剂的作用方式、免疫途径及CTB－融合蛋白的免疫原性，大量实验证据表明，CTB是一种具有良好应用前景的粘膜免疫佐剂。     

过度训练对大鼠小肠粘膜屏障的影响以及大豆多肽的干预作用

目的:探讨过度训练对大鼠小肠粘膜机械屏障的影响及其大豆多肽的干预作用和机制.方法:实验大鼠随机分为对照组、过度训练组、大豆多肽干预组.过度训练组大鼠进行每周6次共9周的力竭性运动训练.大豆多肽干预组大鼠,在每次训练之前灌服用生理盐水新鲜配制的大豆多肽溶液,补充剂量为0.5 g/kg体重.9周后,观察各组大鼠小肠粘膜的组织结构.并测定血浆二胺氧化酶(DAO)活性、内毒素含量以及小肠中SOD活性和MDA含量.结果:①与对照组比较,过度训练组大鼠小肠绒毛水肿增粗,数目明显减少,绒毛之间的间隙变大.绒毛高度显著缩短,部分粘膜上皮细胞出现肿胀、变性,甚至坏死等病理性变化.且血浆DAO活性和内毒素含量显著升高,小肠组织中SOD活性显著降低,而MDA含量显著升高.②大豆多肽干预组大鼠小肠绒毛数目稍微有些减少,绒毛之间的间隙稍有增大,绒毛高度与对照组相比没有显著性变化,但是小肠粘膜上皮细胞形态结构基本正常,没有明显的变性、肿胀、坏死等病理性变化.与过度训练组相比,大豆多肽干预组血浆DAO活性和内毒素含量显著降低.小肠组织中MDA含量显著下降,SOD活性显著升高.结论:①过度训练可以导致小肠粘膜的萎缩和损伤,破坏小肠粘膜屏障,引起小肠粘膜通透性的增加,从而形成"内毒素血症".②大豆多肽的补充可以有效地缓解过度训练大鼠肠道粘膜的损伤,降低肠上皮的通透性,对保护小肠粘膜的屏障功能具有非常重要的作用.③过度训练可使肠道清除自由基的能力下降,氧自由基生成增加,从而导致肠道粘膜的损伤.在大负荷训练之前补充外源性大豆多肽可能有助于增加小肠粘膜的抗氧化能力,有效预防肠道粘膜氧化性损伤的发生.     

采用EMR技术对消化道息肉诊疗的效果临床研究

目的:研究内镜下黏膜切除术(EMR)能够对消化道息肉起到较好的诊疗效果,并对临床效果进行分析。方法:对某医院2010年5月到2012年6月所发生的消化内镜而检查出的病变患者,进行研究,其中一共80例,对92枚病变进行了EMR治疗,病变的直径不同,分别有51枚4~10 mm、24枚11~20mm、17枚21~30 mm。结果:在所选用的80例患者中,一共检查出41枚息肉,有40枚可以通过第一次进行治疗或是通过再次接受EMR治疗而对病灶进行切除,治愈率比较高,能够达到97.6%,不会对患者造成很大的影响,这些患者都没有出现过穿孔或是感染等十分严重的并发症。结论:采用EMR技术对消化道息肉诊疗确实能够起到实效作用,具有较强的临床研究和应用价值。     

中国水蛇胃肠道粘膜上皮的扫描电镜观察与研究

采用扫描电镜技术探讨中国水蛇消化功能，观察到中国水蛇胃肠道粘膜上皮表面细微结构。胃粘膜上皮为单层柱状细胞，细胞表面无微绒毛，游离面上可见颗粒状分泌物．肠粘膜上皮细胞表面有微绒毛，前肠微绒毛粗而长，后肠微绒毛细而短．认为这些特殊结构致使水蛇具有独特的消化功能，并探讨了这些结构与机能的联系。